Režimy správního práva

The administrative law regime means a typical legal construction, which expresses the way of connecting an administrative law norm with this norm anticipated administrative law relationship through a certain legally significant fact. From the point of view of public administration addressees, it is appropriate to differ regimes of granting rights and regimes of imposing obligations primarily. Many regimes have a superstructure (secondary) nature, they assume the earlier existence of other (primary) rights and obligations. In addition to unilateral regimes, there are also bilateral or multilateral regimes of administrative law, which are an expression of cooperation in connection with the performance of public administration. From the point of view of public administration bodies, it is possible to distinguish several (administrative) regimes of exercise of their competence (powers). A kind of complement is the regimes that determine the boundaries of administrative regulation (between public law and civil law; between national law and European law). The application of some regimes or their combination typically results in the general administrative law concepts (= the tangles of administrative law norms cemented by the need and effort to solve certain idealized situations, deprived of their specific content). The research of administrative law regimes may perhaps contribute to a more plastic and systematic doctrinal characterization of material administrative law.

Characteristics of industries determining high differentiation of wages in Russia

The problem of reducing the differentiation of wages in Russia does not lose its relevance. The fund ratio is constantly decreasing, but still exceeds world standards. Its reduction due to growth of the minimum wage has already gone beyond acceptable boundaries. Beyond them, the qualifying wage differences decrease. Currently, they have already begun to contradict one of the fundamental functions of remuneration, namely the incentive function. This raises the question of finding opportunities to reduce the ratio of funds at the expense of wages in the 10th decile of the distribution. Wages in this decile were studied by industry (types of economic activity). Industries in which earnings in the 10th decile are higher than the average for the decile are selected for analysis. These industry earnings affect the value of the fund ratio, limiting its decline. The characteristics of the selected industries are reviewed. These are qualifications of personnel, financial and economic situation of enterprises, their form of ownership, and sectoral coefficient of funds. It has been established that the value of the fund ratio exceeding world standards is, in all likelihood, provided mainly by three industries. These include activities in the field of information and communication; financial and insurance activities; professional, scientific and technical activities. Administrative regulation of wages should be applied to the segments of these industries, where high wages are not consistent with the quality of services provided.

On the issue of countering illegal migration

Based on a general theoretical analysis of the current legislation, this article discusses the problems of administrative regulation of illegal migration and reveals measures aimed at combating it, which are a combination of improving legislation in the field of migration, preventive and enforcement measures. In addition, the article presents statistical data on migration processes, identifies a number of topical areas for improving the fight against illegal migration in order to ensure national security.

Legal regulation of football – prohibitions and limitations

In the article under discussion is the administrative regulation of sports organizations and professional football clubs in Bulgaria. It analyses the legal regulation of sports hooliganism. Also presented are the types of measures and administrative penalties imposed as a result of sports bullying.

Economic Policy of the Late Soviet Period: The Problem of Setting Priorities

This article examines the ways and means used to set priorities in the late Soviet economic policy. Referring to the analysis of documents and existing historiography, the author substantiates the conclusion about the fact that their choice was made outside of the routine national economic planning framework. They were structured as projects (megaprojects, programmes) of national significance. Their implementation had a tremendous effect on the country’s economic development. It would suffice to mention the creation of the nuclear weapons complex and the aerospace industry, the establishment of the Siberian branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the economic development of the West Siberian oil and gas province, the formation of the territorial production conglomerations in the Angara-Yenisei region, the construction of the Baikal-Amur highway, etc. Decisions on launching these programmes were made in the form of “resolutions of the Communist Party and Government”. However, it was necessary to conform to them in the process of both long-term and operational planning (adjustment). In this way, the national scale economic goals were set apparently without any prior discussion. Moreover, the tougher the administrative regulation methods, the closer were the results achieved to the initial intentions. A very good example of this was the nuclear project. At the same time, the liberalisation of the regulation mode and the transformation of the “command” economy into the economy of “coordinated approvals” resulted in the loss of administrative regulation efficiency. In the absence of market signals or sanctions, this inevitably led to a misalignment of the economic development plans and results. By the end of the Soviet period, the prevailing opinion was that the only way to improve the balance would be a move of the economy to a “market-based track”. However, there was no clarity on how to do this. Hence, a series of ill-conceived actions, resulting in a complete loss of centralised planning and management. Not being guided by any commands “from above” or the market, the economy was in a state of “free fall”.