Design and optimization of electric bus monocoque structure consisting of composite materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (20) ◽  
pp. 4069-4086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pathawee Kunakorn-ong ◽  
Kitchanon Ruangjirakit ◽  
Pattaramon Jongpradist ◽  
Sontipee Aimmanee ◽  
Yossapong Laoonual
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Vehicle Registration ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Structural Responses ◽  
Bus Structure ◽  
Bus Body ◽  
Ece R66 ◽  
Torsion Stiffness

This paper proposes a novel design methodology for electric-bus structures by implementing the finite element method via ABAQUS™ and linear programming via MATLAB™. A monocoque sandwich-structured fiber-reinforced composite bus with a maximum driving range of 300 km is conceived using the proposed methodology. The bus-body structure is designed based on safety criteria such as vehicle registration regulations, the strength of the bus structure under various driving conditions, bending- and torsion-stiffness requirements, and the rollover testing standard of UN ECE R66. A procedure developed to systematically conduct parametric studies by varying the core and face thicknesses of the sandwich structure of each component is presented. Multivariate functions are formulated to determine the correlations of structural responses with changes in geometric parameters. Linear programming is implemented to minimize the mass of the bus structure under design constraints. The proposed monocoque bus structure meets all requirements, and its body mass is 63.3% less than the benchmark value.

Electric Bus Body Lightweight Design Based on Multiple Constrains

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 3137-3144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Wei Wang ◽  
Cheng Jun Zhou ◽  
Cheng Lin ◽  
Jiao Yang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Element Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Frame ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Free Model ◽  
Bus Body ◽  
The Finite Element Model ◽  
Torsion Condition

The finite-element model of pure electric bus has been built and the free model analysis, displacement and stress analysis under bending condition and torsion condition have been conducted. Optimally design the pure electric bus frame based on multiple constrains. Reduce the body frame quality by 4.3% and meanwhile meet the modal and stress requirements.

Experimental and numerical study on the crashworthiness evaluation of an intercity coach under frontal impact conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (13) ◽  
pp. 3026-3041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ali Güler ◽  
Muhammed Emin Cerit ◽  
Sinem Kocaoglan Mert ◽  
Erdem Acar
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Bus Structure ◽  
Bus Body ◽  
Absorption Characteristics

In this study, the energy absorption capacity of a front body of a bus during a frontal crash was investigated. The strength of the bus structure was examined by considering the ECE-R29 European regulation requirements. The nonlinear explicit finite element code LS-DYNA was used for the crash analyses. First, the baseline bus structures without any improvements were analyzed and the weak parts of the front end structure of the bus body were examined. Experimental tests are conducted to validate the finite element model. In the second stage, the bus structure was redesigned in order to strengthen the frontal body. Finally, the redesigned bus structure was compared with the baseline model to meet the requirements for ECE-R29. In addition to the redesign performed on the body, energy absorption capacity was increased by additional energy absorbers employed in the front of bus structure. This study experimentally and numerically investigated the energy absorption characteristics of a steering wheel armature in contact with a deformable mannequin during a crash. Variations in the location of impact on the armature, armature orientation, and mannequin were investigated to determine the effects of the energy absorption characteristics of the two contacting entities.

Vibration Control for Integrally Bladed Disks Using Friction Ring Dampers

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Laxalde ◽  
Fabrice Thouverez ◽  
Jean-Pierre Lombard
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Forced Response ◽  
Reduced Order Model ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Bladed Disks ◽  
Reduced Order ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Beam Elements ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Frequency Domain Approach

A damping strategy for integrally bladed disks (blisks) is discussed in this paper; this involves the use of friction rings located underside the wheel of bladed disks. The forced response of the blisk with friction rings is derived in the frequency domain using a frequency domain approach known as Dynamic Lagrangian Frequency-Time method. The blisk is modeled using a reduced-order model and the rings are modeled using beam elements. The results of some numerical simulations and parametric studies are presented. The range of application of this damping device is discussed. Parametric studies are presented and allow to understand the dissipation phenomena. Finally some design and optimization guidelines are given.

Modelling and Simulation of a Single Deck Bus Subjected to Rollover Crash Loading

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 453-459
Author(s):  
Wan Noaimadudin Wan Mohamad Kamal ◽  
Nor Hayati Saad ◽  
Amir Radzi Ab. Ghani ◽  
Nik Rosli Abdullah ◽  
Khairul Izwandy Abd Jazam
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Bus Structure ◽  
Residual Space ◽  
Ece R66 ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
Long Distance Travel ◽  
Rollover Crash ◽  
Bus Accident ◽  
Un Ece

Buses are the most popular and common passenger vehicle for long distance travel in Malaysia. Increased bus usage as a public transport prompts researchers to study safety aspects of the vehicles subjected to various crash incidents. The most damaging bus accident is rollover crash. The bus structures must have sufficient crashworthiness and strength in order to reduce and prevent injuries and fatalities during the rollover accident. Initially, this paper overviews the current status of rollover accidents and requirement of UN-ECE Regulation 66 which is aimed to improve the bus structure in withstanding the rollover crash. The current bus framework structure comprises galvanized square hollow sections (SHS) which are welded and bolted together. Abaqus was used to simulate responses of bus structure subjected to loadings as specified in UN-ECE Regulation 66. The results showed that the gap allowances of the residual space are complied with the UN-ECE R66 requirements. Further work to optimize the bus structure in terms of weight, structural strength and crashworthiness is proposed.

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