Design and analysis of electric bus structure in compliance with ECE safety regulations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kunakron-ong ◽  
K. Ruangjirakit ◽  
P. Jongpradist
Keyword(s):  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Bus Structure

Design and optimization of electric bus monocoque structure consisting of composite materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (20) ◽  
pp. 4069-4086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pathawee Kunakorn-ong ◽  
Kitchanon Ruangjirakit ◽  
Pattaramon Jongpradist ◽  
Sontipee Aimmanee ◽  
Yossapong Laoonual
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Vehicle Registration ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Structural Responses ◽  
Bus Structure ◽  
Bus Body ◽  
Ece R66 ◽  
Torsion Stiffness

This paper proposes a novel design methodology for electric-bus structures by implementing the finite element method via ABAQUS™ and linear programming via MATLAB™. A monocoque sandwich-structured fiber-reinforced composite bus with a maximum driving range of 300 km is conceived using the proposed methodology. The bus-body structure is designed based on safety criteria such as vehicle registration regulations, the strength of the bus structure under various driving conditions, bending- and torsion-stiffness requirements, and the rollover testing standard of UN ECE R66. A procedure developed to systematically conduct parametric studies by varying the core and face thicknesses of the sandwich structure of each component is presented. Multivariate functions are formulated to determine the correlations of structural responses with changes in geometric parameters. Linear programming is implemented to minimize the mass of the bus structure under design constraints. The proposed monocoque bus structure meets all requirements, and its body mass is 63.3% less than the benchmark value.

Grounds for the Appointment of Expertise in Cases of Crimes Related to Violation of Labor Protection and Safety Regulations

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
V. V. Borodin ◽  
A. R. Sirakanyan
Keyword(s):  
Specific Production ◽  
Labor Protection ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Safety Rules

The study focuses on the procedure for appointing and conducting expert research in cases of crimes related to violations of labor protection and safety rules. The author out lines the range of research tasks in this area, lists the types of expertise that are widely used in this category of criminal cases. Based on the analysis of legal norms regulating the procedure for the appointment and conduct of forensic examinations, the author comes to the conclusion that the procedural legislation contains a significant number of General approaches to the appointment and conduct of expertise (including in the field of investigation of crimes related to violations of labor protection and safety rules). The specificity of expert research on this category of criminal cases is that in the framework of establishing the actual circumstances of the incident, it is often necessary to conduct several examinations (complex expert studies), taking into account the specifics of specific production processes at the enterprise.

Impacts of Vending Practices on the Microbiological Quality of Bread in the Ojoo Area of Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Oluwadara Oluwaseun Alegbeleye ◽  
Wasiu Akinloye Oyebisi Afolabi ◽  
Beatrice Oluwatoyin Opeolu ◽  
Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Bacillus Flexus ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Quality Of Food

Background: Bacterial counts in ready-to-eat foods are a key factor in assessing the microbiological quality and safety of food. Periodic assessment of the microbiological quality of food is necessary to develop a robust database and help to ensure food safety. </P><P> Methods: The bacterial contamination of a total of 336 bread samples collected from two bakeries and 10 vendors in Ojoo Area of Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria (December 2014 -June 2015) was evaluated. The microbiological quality of the bread loaves was investigated using standard microbiological methods (morphological, phenotypic and molecular characterization). </P><P> Results: The results showed that the number of contaminated samples among the vended bread samples was higher than the bakery bread samples and can be summarized as Bacillus megaterium (4.30%), Staphylococcus arlettae (0.005%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (2.78%), Citrobacter freundii (2.40%), Bacillus flexus (1.64%), Bacillus species (49.59%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.12%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (0.92%), Pseudomonas species (0.045%), Escherichia coli (30.44%) Klebsiella sp. (0.040%) and Aeromonas hydrophila (3.72%). </P><P> Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that the bread samples which become contaminated after transport and handling can be considered a potential hazard to human health in the area. More stringent adherence to food safety regulations should be encouraged and enforced by the appropriate authorities. The findings of this study may be adopted to improve the hygienic conditions of bread distribution chain in the area as well as in other regions of the World.

Fire Scenarios in the Enforcement of Performance-Based Fire Safety Regulations

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-375
Author(s):  
VINCENT BRANNIGAN ◽  
ANTHONY KILPATRICK
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Fire Scenarios

scholarly journals Work-Related Accident Prevention in Norwegian Road and Maritime Transport: Examining the Influence of Different Sector Rules

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Tor-Olav Nævestad ◽  
Beate Elvebakk ◽  
Karen Ranestad
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
The Road ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Framework Conditions

About 36% of fatal road accidents in Norway involve at least one driver who is “at work”. It has been argued that the implementation of rules clearly defining the responsibility of road transport companies to prevent work related accidents, by implementing safety management systems (SMS), could lead to increased safety. In the present study we tested the validity of this suggestion, by examining the influence of different sector rules on work-related accident prevention in Norwegian road and maritime transport. In contrast to the road sector, the maritime sector has had rules requiring SMS for over 20 years, clearly defining the shipping companies responsibility for prevention of work-related accidents. The aims of the study were to: (1) examine how the different sector rules influence perceptions of whether the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents is clearly defined in each sector; and (2) compare respondents’ perceptions of the quality of their sectors’ efforts to prevent work-related accidents, and factors influencing this. The study was based on a small-scale survey (N = 112) and qualitative interviews with sector experts (N = 17) from companies, authorities, and NGOs in the road and the maritime sectors. Results indicate that respondents in the maritime sector perceive the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents as far more clearly defined, and they rate their sector’s efforts to prevent accidents as higher than respondents in road. Multivariate analyses indicate that this is related to the scope of safety regulations in the sectors studied, controlled for several important framework conditions. Based on the results, we conclude that the implementation of SMS rules focused on transport companies’ responsibility to prevent work-related accidents could improve safety in the road sector. However, due to barriers to SMS implementation in the road sector, we suggest starting with a simplified version of SMS.

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