Bystanders in “sketchy” sexual situations: Their constructions of the “girl,” the “guy,” and themselves

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-408
Author(s):  
Sharon Lamb ◽  
Leah Attwell
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Rape Prevention ◽  
Discursive Constructions

In this paper we explore through discourse analysis the written personal narratives (vignettes) of “sketchy” sexual situations that students found themselves in as bystanders. We asked for these vignettes in a larger study examining the relationships between moral judgment/reasoning and intervening or not in situations of potential sexual assault. Through a Foulcauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA), we explore in these narratives discursive constructions, positioning of potential victims, potential perpetrators, and bystanders of sexual assault, as well as the action orientations these discourses suggest, and the implications for rape prevention programs.

Familiarity with Sexual Assault and Its Relationship to the Effectiveness of Acquaintance Rape Prevention Programs

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S. Forst ◽  
J. Timothy Lightfoot ◽  
Arthur Burrichter
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Rape Prevention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Improvisational Theater ◽  
Sexual Beliefs ◽  
Attitude Scales

This study examined the effectiveness of two rape prevention programs on rape-supportive beliefs among college students. The effectiveness was examined in terms of whether or not the students knew someone who had been sexually assaulted, knew someone who had committed a sexual assault, or were themselves a victim of sexual assault. The participants were divided into three groups. One group participated in a didactic rape prevention program involving primarily lecture and video instruction. The second group participated in an experiential rape prevention program utilizing improvisational theater. The third group was the control group. The 55 participants completed two attitude scales developed by Burt (1980): Adversarial Sexual Beliefs (ASB) and Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA). They then participated in their workshop and took the attitude scales again as a post-treatment test Two weeks later, the participants took a follow-up post-treatment test using the same attitude scales. Participants who had been victims of sexual assault scored significantly lower than non-victims in the ASB and RMA across all groups. It was also found that participants who had any previous experience with sexual assault, such as familiarity with a victim or an offender, scored significantly lower in rape-supportive beliefs after participating in the didactic program than participants who had no previous experience with sexual assault.

Acquaintance Rape Workshops: Their Effectiveness in Changing the Attitudes of First Year College Men

NASPA Journal ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Earle
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
College Men ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Acquaintance Rape ◽  
Rape Prevention ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year College

This study supports the contention that certain features of acquaintance rape prevention programs are more effective than others in changing the attitudes of first year college men about the sexual assault of women.

Integrating alcohol use intervention and sexual assault prevention programs among college men

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay M. Orchowski ◽  
Nancy Barnett ◽  
Alan Berkowitz ◽  
Brian Borsari ◽  
Daniel Oesterle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
College Men ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Sexual Assault Prevention ◽  
Assault Prevention

Liberal articulations of the ‘Enlightenment’ in the Greek public sphere

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiannis Mylonas
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Greek Crisis ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Crisis Discourse ◽  
Neoliberal Restructuring ◽  
Discursive Constructions

Abstract This study presents a scrutiny of ‘liberal’ discursive constructions of the ‘Enlightenment’ in the Greek public sphere. The study is based on the analysis of articles published in two news/lifestyle websites, ‘AthensVoice’ and ‘Protagon’, during the (ongoing), so-called, ‘Greek crisis’. Discourse theory, informed by critical discourse analysis, is deployed to analyze these discursive constructions. The analysis shows that Greece’s economic/social/political problems are constructed as symptoms that underline Greece’s fundamental deficit, which is the country’s alleged ‘lack of ‘Enlightenment’, as perceived by ‘liberal’ voices in Greece and elsewhere. The article concludes that such discourses are part of a biopolitical, disciplinary framework producing the object to be reformed by austerity: an ‘un-Enlightened’ ‘Greek character’, ‘guilty’ for ‘self-inflicting’ Greece’s crisis. This ‘reform of character’ envisioned by liberals in Greece and elsewhere, is supposed to emerge through the institutional advance of neoliberal restructuring processes that include austerity reforms, privatizations, and loss of labor and civic rights, conditions to foster the neoliberal, entrepreneurial, mobile and austere subject, to potentially meet the socio-political requirements of late capitalist growth.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Whittier
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sex Trafficking ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Single Issue ◽  
Government Surveillance ◽  
The Military

Chapter 5, the book’s conclusion, draws comparative theoretical lessons from all three cases. It discusses six features of relationships between frenemies: risks to participants’ reputation; reliance on hybrid or compromise frames or goals; focus on single-issue or specific goals; the importance of emotional and personal narratives; lack of more extensive collaboration or institutionalization of the relationships; and outcomes that depend on the relative power of participants. The chapter discusses implications for ongoing policy regarding sex offenders, sex trafficking, and government surveillance. The paths of activism around the case studies have influenced recent issues of sexual assault, including in the military, in colleges and universities. Feminists have influenced these developments, but not alone. Frenemies, including both feminists and conservatives, continue to be engaged in these issues and to shape their paths.

Advertising nationalism: Commemorating the liberation war in Bangladeshi print advertisements

2020 ◽  
pp. 175063522095036
Author(s):  
Kajalie Shehreen Islam
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Print Advertisements ◽  
The Media ◽  
National Significance ◽  
Discursive Constructions ◽  
Oriented Approach ◽  
Underlying Theme

This article explores the role of the media as a discursive tool in the commemoration of Bangladesh’s war of liberation. The author critically engages with the notion of mediated memory in the foreground of corporate nationalism. Through a discourse analysis of print advertisements published in Bangladeshi newspapers on the country’s Independence and Victory Days over five decades, she traces the use of nationalism in advertising discourse and the shift from a development-oriented approach to corporate nationalism, with the underlying theme of glorification of war. The study found that nationalistic-based discourse is a key theme of Bangladeshi advertisements published on its days of national significance – history and its heroes, symbols and images, poetry and song, are all used to invoke a banal nationalism. These discursive constructions depend largely on the political context but, as long as the political line is adhered to, advertisers are free to use nationalistic discourse to promote their brands, products and services.

scholarly journals Changing the Hidden Curriculum of Campus Rape Prevention and Education: Women’s Self-Defense as a Key Protective Factor for a Public Health Model of Prevention

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha McCaughey ◽  
Jill Cermele
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Hidden Curriculum ◽  
Rape Prevention ◽  
Sexual Assault Prevention ◽  
Public Health Model ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Health Model ◽  
Assault Prevention

Recent activist, policy, and government efforts to engage in campus rape prevention education (RPE), culminating in the 2014 White House Task Force recommendations to combat campus sexual assault, prompt a need to examine the concept of “prevention” in the context of sexual assault on U.S. college campuses and their surrounding community service agencies. This article reviews previous research on effective resistance to sexual assault, showing that self-defense is a well-established protective factor in a public health model of sexual assault prevention. The article goes on to show, through an examination of campus rape prevention efforts framed as “primary prevention,” that self-defense is routinely excluded. This creates a hidden curriculum that preserves a gender status quo even while it strives for change. The article concludes with recommendations for how administrators, educators, facilitators, funding agencies, and others can incorporate self-defense into campus RPE for a more effective, data-driven set of sexual assault prevention efforts.

Retaliation Against Sexual Assault: Self-Defense or Public Duty?

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelagh M. J. Towson ◽  
Mark P. Zanna
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Rape Victim ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Legal Judgments

The present study explored the notion that females would react more positively toward retaliation against sexual assault than males. In a 2 × 2 design, female and male undergraduates read a vignette in which either a rape victim or her fiance retaliated against the rapist by shooting him (nonfatally). Results indicated that females regarded the retaliatory act as more morally justified than did males and were consistently more lenient in their legal judgments of the retaliator. Correlational analyses indicated that attributing retaliation to the motives of self-defense (for the victim) and “public duty” (for the fiance) may have mediated these judgments. Implications of these findings for the psychology of moral judgment and the legal system are discussed.

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