scholarly journals A History of Long-Term Human–Environment Interactions in the French Pyrenees Inferred from the Pollen Data

2012 ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Galop ◽  
Damien Rius ◽  
Carole Cugny ◽  
Florence Mazier
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Data ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
History Of

Environmental evolution and anthropogenic forcing in the Garigliano coastal plain (Italy) during the Holocene

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110032
Author(s):  
Halinka Di Lorenzo ◽  
Pietro Aucelli ◽  
Giuseppe Corrado ◽  
Mario De Iorio ◽  
Marcello Schiattarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

The Garigliano alluvial-coastal plain, at the Latium-Campania border (Italy), witnessed a long-lasting history of human-environment interactions, as demonstrated by the rich archaeological knowledge. With the aim of reconstructing the evolution of the landscape and its interaction with human activity during the last millennia, new pollen results from the coastal sector of the Garigliano Plain were compared with the available pollen data from other nearby sites. The use of pollen data from both the coastal and marine environment allowed integrating the local vegetation dynamics within a wider regional context spanning the last 8000 years. The new pollen data presented in this study derive from the analysis of a core, drilled in the coastal sector, which intercepted the lagoon-marshy environments that occurred in the plain as a response to the Holocene transgression and subsequent coastal progradation. Three radiocarbon ages indicate that the chronology of the analyzed core interval ranges from c. 7200 to c. 2000 cal yr BP. The whole data indicate that a dense forest cover characterized the landscape all along the Prehistoric period, when a few signs of human activity are recorded in the spectra, such as cereal crops, pasture activity and fires. The main environmental changes, forced by natural processes (coastal progradation) but probably enhanced by reclamation works, started from the Graeco-Roman period and led to the reduction of swampy areas that favoured the colonisation of the outer plain.

A late-Holocene pollen record from the western Qilian Mountains and its implications for climate change and human activity along the Silk Road, Northwestern China

The Holocene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1141-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Xiaozhong Huang ◽  
Zongli Wang ◽  
Tianlong Yan ◽  
En’yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Qilian Mountains ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Silk Road

The sparsity of long-term reliable climatic records hampers our understanding of human–environment interactions in the semi-arid Hexi Corridor, NW China. Here, we present a late-Holocene pollen record from a small alpine lake, Tian’E, in the western Qilian Mountains. The chronology is provided by nine accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dates from terrestrial plant remains. The ratios of Artemisia and Amaranthaceae (A/C) are used to reconstruct the history of regional humidity: An unstable climate occurred during 1530–1270 BC; there were three relatively wet periods, at 1270 BC–AD 400, AD 1200–1350, and AD 1600–present; and there were two dry periods, from AD 400 to 1200 and from AD 1350 to 1600. Comparison with tree-ring data indicates that continuous droughts were responsible for the abandonment of several archaeological sites and ancient cities in the region, including the major city of Dunhuang, which was abandoned in AD 1372 and AD 1524 for nearly 200 years.

Environment in North American and European Archaeology

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew I. J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Concepts ◽  
Global And Local

Environment has always been a central concept for Western archaeologists, although it has been conceived in many ways and its role in archaeological explanation has fluctuated from a mere backdrop to human action to a primary factor in the understanding of society and social change. Archaeology also has something of a unique position, for its base of interest positions it temporally between geological and ethnographic timescales, spatially between global and local dimensions, and epistemologically between empirical studies of environment change and more heuristic studies of cultural practice (See Crumley, Chapter 17 and Gosden, Chapter 18 in this volume; see also McIntosh et al. 2000; van der Leeuw and Redman 2002). Archaeology should therefore take on a prominent role when it comes to discussion of long-term human–environment interactions up to the present; however, archaeologists have not always been successful in promoting their data or consolidating a clear approach (Fisher and Feinman 2005; Mitchell 2008). As a point of departure, this introductory chapter aims to trace some of the fluctuating conceptions and applications of ‘environment’ within North American and European archaeology, with a particular emphasis on new trends and fruitful points of intersection between seemingly diverse paradigms. The history of concepts of the environment could take up a whole volume of its own and so this chapter is necessarily partial; however, I hope that it will raise a number of points of interest that can be explored further through the references given. The geographical range is also limited to broadly North American and European (especially British) archaeology. In the following chapter Olena Smyntyna will discuss the concept of environment in Soviet and post-Soviet archaeology, while it is hoped that future scholars may fruitfully write the history of such issues in other regional traditions. The chapter is split into three parts. The first deals with diverse ways in which ‘environment’ has been conceived or defined in Western thought, particularly within archaeology.

scholarly journals Human responses to climate and ecosystem change in ancient Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (15) ◽  
pp. 8263-8270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Petraglia ◽  
Huw S. Groucutt ◽  
Maria Guagnin ◽  
Paul S. Breeze ◽  
Nicole Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Cultural Adaptations ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ecosystem Changes

Recent interdisciplinary archaeological and paleoenvironmental research in the Arabian peninsula is transforming our understanding of ancient human societies in their ecological contexts. Hypotheses about the cultural and demographic impacts of a series of droughts have primarily been developed from the environmental and archaeological records of southeastern Arabia. Here we examine these human–environment interactions by integrating ongoing research from northern Arabia. While droughts and extreme environmental variability in the Holocene had significant impacts on human societies, responses varied across space and time and included mobility at various scales, as well as diverse social, economic and cultural adaptations, such as the management of water resources, the introduction of pastoral lifeways, and the construction of diverse types of stone structures. The long-term story of human societies in Arabia is one of resilience in the face of climate change, yet future challenges include rising temperatures and flash flooding. The history of human responses to climatic and ecosystem changes in Arabia can provide important lessons for a planet facing catastrophic global warming and environmental change.

Atypical Femoral Fracture in McCune-Albright Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Salman Ghaffari ◽  
◽  
Mehran Razavipour ◽  
Parastoo Mohammad Amini ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Fracture ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Plate Fixation ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Mccune Albright Syndrome ◽  
Café Au Lait Spots ◽  
History Of ◽  
Albright Syndrome ◽  
Mccune Albright

McCune-Albright Syndrome (MAS) is characterized by endocrinopathies, café-au-lait spots, and fibrous dysplasia. Bisphosphonates are the most prescribed treatment for reducing the pain but their long-term use has been associated with atypical fractures of cortical bones like femur in patients. We present a 23-year-old girl diagnosed with MAS. She had an atypical mid-shaft left femoral fracture that happened during simple walking. She also had a history of long-term use of alendronate. Because of the narrow medullary canal, we used 14 holes hybrid locking plate for the lateral aspect of the thigh to fix the fracture and 5 holes dynamic compression plate (instead of the intramedullary nail) in the anterior surface to double fix it, reducing the probability of device failure. With double plate fixation and discontinuation of alendronate, the complete union was achieved five months after surgery

European Integration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann P. Arnason
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes ◽  
The Eu

Different understandings of European integration, its background and present problems are represented in this book, but they share an emphasis on historical processes, geopolitical dynamics and regional diversity. The introduction surveys approaches to the question of European continuities and discontinuities, before going on to an overview of chapters. The following three contributions deal with long-term perspectives, including the question of Europe as a civilisational entity, the civilisational crisis of the twentieth century, marked by wars and totalitarian regimes, and a comparison of the European Union with the Habsburg Empire, with particular emphasis on similar crisis symptoms. The next three chapters discuss various aspects and contexts of the present crisis. Reflections on the Brexit controversy throw light on a longer history of intra-Union rivalry, enduring disputes and changing external conditions. An analysis of efforts to strengthen the EU’s legal and constitutional framework, and of resistances to them, highlights the unfinished agenda of integration. A closer look at the much-disputed Islamic presence in Europe suggests that an interdependent radicalization of Islamism and the European extreme right is a major factor in current political developments. Three concluding chapters adopt specific regional perspectives. Central and Eastern European countries, especially Poland, are following a path that leads to conflicts with dominant orientations of the EU, but this also raises questions about Europe’s future. The record of Scandinavian policies in relation to Europe exemplifies more general problems faced by peripheral regions. Finally, growing dissonances and divergences within the EU may strengthen the case for Eurasian perspectives.

The natural history of pituitary apoplexy: long term follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Shaikh ◽  
Natasha Shrikrishnapalasuriyar ◽  
Giselle Sharaf ◽  
David Price ◽  
Maneesh Udiawar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
History Of

1386-P: Long-Term Weight Change after Pregnancy and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1386-P
Author(s):  
SYLVIA E. BADON ◽  
FEI XU ◽  
CHARLES QUESENBERRY ◽  
ASSIAMIRA FERRARA ◽  
MONIQUE M. HEDDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
History Of
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