Moral margins concerning the use of coercion in psychiatry

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elleke GM Landeweer ◽  
Tineke A Abma ◽  
Guy AM Widdershoven
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Moral Case Deliberation ◽  
Moral Decisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Case ◽  
Social Intuitionist Model ◽  
Practical Tool

In the closed wards of mental health institutions, moral decisions are made concerning the use of forced seclusion. In this article we focus on how these moral decisions are made and can be improved. We present a case study concerning moral deliberations on the use of seclusion and its prevention among nurses of a closed mental health ward. Moral psychology provides an explanation of how moral judgments are developed through processes of interaction. We will make use of the Social Intuitionist Model of Jonathan Haidt that emphasizes the role of emotions, intuitions and the social context in moral judgments and reasoning. We argue that this model can help to explain social dynamics in the context of enforced seclusion. In the discussion we explore how moral psychology can be complemented with the normative perspective of dialogical ethics to develop strategies for improving psychiatric practices. We conclude that social processes play an important role in moral deliberations and that moral development can be fostered by bringing in new perspectives in the dialogue. Moral case deliberation provides a practical tool to systematically organize moral reflections among nurses on the work floor.

Prosocial Television, Preschool Children’s Moral Judgments, and Moral Reasoning: The Role of Social Moral Intuitions and Perspective-Taking

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew P. Cingel ◽  
Marina Krcmar
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moral Intuitions ◽  
Television Shows ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Intuitionist Model ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Parent Presence

Children’s prosocial television shows include moral lessons in their narratives, but research suggests that children struggle to comprehend and transfer these lessons to other situations. The social intuitionist model of moral judgment, however, argues that dimensions of morality can be made more salient through environmental exposure. Using data collected from 101 parent-child dyads (children ages 4.5-6.5), we explore if children’s existing moral intuitions about fairness and care may be made salient following exposure to moral lessons in a children’s television show, and if parent presence and mediation aid this process. Results demonstrate that, compared with children in the control group, children who viewed the moral message either alone or with a parent experienced improvements in perspective-taking, which in turn influenced their moral judgments and moral reasoning. Thus, children’s morality can be positively influenced by prosocial television exposure via promoting perspective-taking, fairness, and care.

scholarly journals Social Responsibility And Globalization

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Val Candy
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Multinational Organizations ◽  
Moral Decisions ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
Core Set ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diverse Nations

Ethics is an evaluation of moral decisions and the processes involved in making them. The term also encompasses the study of moral standards and how they apply to the social systems and organizations through which modern societies produce and distribute goods. This paper argues that moral judgments do not always transfer readily onto ethical conduct in geographically and culturally diverse nations. The existing literature tends to reject relativism in addressing how multinational organizations are guided by a core set of ethical principles regardless of the culture within which they operate. The dilemma arises when multinationals need to avoid imposing American ethical ideology and formality in localized subsidiaries. This paper extends this dilemma to government intervention in foreign affairs and discusses how ideological positions can conflict within the same culture. This is apparent in the challenge government and private sector meet when balancing issues such as climate change with human rights. This paper supports an integrated approach toward bringing stability to influential oil-producing nations.

Individual Journalistic Bias Leads to Public Propaganda

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-154
Author(s):  
Young Joon Lim ◽  
Jennifer Lemanski
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Media Content ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Intuitionist Model

The social intuitionist model (SIM) highlights the superiority of intuitive emotions over reasoning process in the link of moral judgment and reasoning, addressing the issues of private or individual intuitions of moral judgments on an interpersonal communication level. While the SIM can be applied to explain why journalists are biased and prone to producing intuitive news stories, the hierarchy of influences model (HIM) offers a theoretical framework that affects media content, which journalists and media organizations create in a social and cultural approach to propaganda. This chapter explores how the integration of SIM and HIM demonstrates the path to propagandistic news stories manufactured by intuitive journalists and their biased news outlets on the macro social structure level.

Do People Believe That They Are More Deontological Than Others?

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1308-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Hui Li ◽  
Li-Lin Rao
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Construal Level Theory ◽  
The Self ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Protected Values

The question of how we decide that someone else has done something wrong is at the heart of moral psychology. Little work has been done to investigate whether people believe that others’ moral judgment differs from their own in moral dilemmas. We conducted four experiments using various measures and diverse samples to demonstrate the self–other discrepancy in moral judgment. We found that (a) people were more deontological when they made moral judgments themselves than when they judged a stranger (Studies 1-4) and (b) a protected values (PVs) account outperformed an emotion account and a construal-level theory account in explaining this self–other discrepancy (Studies 3 and 4). We argued that the self–other discrepancy in moral judgment may serve as a protective mechanism co-evolving alongside the social exchange mechanism and may contribute to better understanding the obstacles preventing people from cooperation.

Moral psychology, empirical work in

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua May
Keyword(s):  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Moral Motivation ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Moral Cognition ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Moral Thought ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study

How do we form our moral judgments, and how do they influence behaviour? What ultimately motivates kind versus malicious action? Moral psychology is the interdisciplinary study of such questions about the mental lives of moral agents, including moral thought, feeling, reasoning and motivation. While these questions can be studied solely from the armchair or using only empirical tools, researchers in various disciplines, from biology to neuroscience to philosophy, can address them in tandem. Some key topics in this respect revolve around moral cognition and motivation, such as moral responsibility, altruism, the structure of moral motivation, weakness of will, and moral intuitions. Of course there are other important topics as well, including emotions, character, moral development, self-deception, addiction, and the evolution of moral capacities. Some of the primary objects of study in moral psychology are the processes driving moral action. For example, we often think of ourselves as possessing free will, which undergirds our being responsible for what we do; we often believe we can be ultimately concerned for the welfare of another; and so on. Yet these claims can be tested by empirical methods to some extent in at least two ways. First, we can determine what in fact our ordinary thinking is. While many philosophers investigate this through rigorous reflection on concepts, the empirical methods of the social sciences are at least an additional tool to bring to bear on the issue. Second, we can investigate empirically whether our ordinary thinking is correct. This typically involves checking the empirical adequacy of philosophical theories, assessing directly any claims made about moral cognition, motivation, and so forth. Understanding the psychology of moral individuals is certainly interesting in its own right, but it also often has direct implications for other areas of ethics, such as metaethics and normative ethics. For instance, determining the role of reason versus sentiment in moral judgment and motivation can shed light on whether moral judgments are cognitive, and perhaps whether morality itself is in some sense objective. Similarly, moral theories, such as deontology and utilitarianism, often rely on intuitive judgments about what one ought to do in various hypothetical cases. Empirical research can again serve as an additional tool to determine what exactly the intuitions are and which psychological processes generate them.

scholarly journals Imágenes de la “locura”, la “enfermedad mental” y la “depresión” en la ciudad de Sevilla

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelino López ◽  
Francisco Javier Saavedra ◽  
Margarita Laviana ◽  
Andrés López
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
International Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
Social Images ◽  
Medical Vision ◽  
The City

Resumen: El artículo presenta los resultados del estudio “Salud mental: imá- genes y realidades”, referido a las imágenes sociales asociadas a tres términos relativos a trastornos mentales: “locura”, “enfermedad mental” y “depresión”. A partir de un diseño internacional se entrevistaron en la ciudad de Sevilla 920 personas adultas, según un método de cuotas a partir de las principales variables sociodemográficas y mediante un Cuestionario Socio-antropológico, utilizado en un proyecto multinacional del Centro Colaborador de la OMS en Salud Mental de Lille (Francia). El cuestionario pide a las personas entrevistadas que relacionen determinadas afirmaciones sobre conductas, síntomas, causas y consecuencias a las tres categorías elegidas, explorando con ellos los aspectos cognitivos de las actitudes y representaciones mentales de la población. Los datos obtenidos fueron tratados con estadísticas descriptivas y posteriormente con la técnica de análisis multivariante de los Conglomerados Jerárquicos. En conjunto muestran la existencia de una diversidad de atribuciones que diferencian entre esas tres categorías, relacionando la “locura” con contenidos de violencia, extrañeza e incurabilidad, mezclando esos contenidos con una visión más medica en el caso de la “enfermedad mental” y diferenciando claramente la “depresión” Componentes similares a los encontrados en estudios internacionales y que plantean además cuestiones importantes sobre la dinámica social del estigma y su evolución, en función de la difusión de conocimientos profesionales, que deberá ser explorada en posteriores estudios. Images of “madness”, “mental illness” and “depression” in the city of Seville Abstract: The article presents the results of the study “mental health: images and realities” referred to the social images associated with three terms relating to mental disorders: “madness”, “mental illness” and “depression”. They met in the city of Seville, from an international design, 920 adults according to a quota method based on the main demographic variables and using a Socio-anthropological questionnaire, used in a multinational project of the WHO Collaborating Center the Mental Health of Lille (France). The questionnaire asks respondents to relate certain assertions about behaviors, symptoms, causes, and consequences to the three chosen categories, exploring with them the cognitive aspects of attitudes and mental representations of the population. The data obtained were treated with descriptive statistics and later with the technique of multivariate analysis of hierarchical conglomerates. Together they show the existence of a diversity of assertions that differentiate between those three categories, relating the “madness” with contents of violence, strangeness and hopeless, mixing these contents with one more medical vision of “mental disease” and clearly differentiating the “depression”. Components that are similar to those found in international studies and that posed also important issues about the social dynamics of stigma and its evolution, based on the dissemination of professional knowledge, which must be explored in subsequent studies.

Review of The Social Dynamics of Self-Esteem: Theory to Therapy.

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1046-1046
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Social
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