scholarly journals How the Belt and Road Initiative Can Help Strengthen the Role of the SCO and Deepen China’s Cooperation with Russia and the Countries of Central Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Na-Xi ◽  
Huang Meng-Fang ◽  
Lu Shan-Bing
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
The Belt And Road

China and Russia issued a joint statement on 8 May 2015 outlining the main approaches to linking the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) projects. Both parties believe that to build the ‘Belt and Road’ project, it is necessary to use economic integration laws and actively enhance the role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SOC) in stimulating regional economic cooperation, promoting construction of the SREB and linkage to and cooperation with the EAEU, creating a Free Trade Area (FTA) in the Asia-Pacific region (APR) and simultaneously begin creating a similar FTA among China, Russia and Central Asia to gradually stimulate interstate trade and promote regional economic development, actively developing—along with an improved model of energy cooperation—infrastructure and related industry and strengthening business contacts and jointly promoting construction of the SREB.

THE ROLE OF SADC IN BOOSTING DOMESTIC, REGIONAL, CONTINENTAL AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
Ghazala Begum Essop
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Trade Area

The role of regional economic communities in the development of trade in Africa is widely recognised. Currently, intra-African trade stands at 10 per cent. This is in sharp contrast to other developing regions of the world. In Asia and Latin America, the levels of intra-trade are 50 and 26 per cent, respectively. There are a number of reasons accounting for the low level of intra-African trade, including the weak mandate given to regional economic communities to monitor and enforce the commitments assumed by countries under regional trade agreements. The lack of integration has negatively impacted on African countries and affected their ability to attract foreign direct investment commensurate with their development needs. Had African countries been less exposed to external markets, they would have been minimally affected by the global financial crisis. The importance of boosting intra-African trade was highlighted by Africa’s Heads of State and Government when they devoted this year’s summit to this theme. In the run-up to the summit, the African Union Commission released a study that underscored the importance of regional economic communities in the process of economic integration in Africa. Currently, SADC member states are in the process of implementing the SADC Trade Protocol, which would create a fully-fledged free trade area and later a customs union, and at the same time engaged in tripartite negotiations aimed at merging the three (SADC, COMESA and the EAC) regional configurations. They are also engaged in the EPA negotiations with the European Union, which would create a free trade area and also the Doha negotiations under the auspices of the WTO. The main objective of this article is to estimate SADC countries’ bilateral trade potential, which may result in the improvements in trade facilitation.

scholarly journals International law and the role of APEC in the gobernance of economic coorperation within the Asia Pacific region

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Paul J. Davidson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Trade Area

The cumbersome administrative process of trading in the Asia Pacifi c region has lead to propose the creation of a Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacifi c Region (FTAAP), as part of the governance structure. In this respect, the Asia Pacifi c Economic Cooperation (APEC) would play a major role regarding the setting of guidelines for economic cooperation and a free and open approach to investments. It is also provided that APEC’s legal framework may be applied to the economic activities which have not been regulated by other international agreements, offering advantages as adapting to the real conditions of each state and the standardization of the already existing regulations. However, this non-binding framework, (soft law), does not foreclose, but complements the OMC’s binding legal framework (hard law).

INTERPRETATION OF SINO-RUSSIAN CULTURE AND HUMANITIES COOPERATION IN THE NEW ERA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-193
Author(s):  
REN YANYAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
New Era ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cooperative Partnership ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

The friendship between nations lies in the mutual affinity of the people, and the people’s affinity lies in the communion of hearts. The cultural and humanities cooperation between China and Russia has a long history. In recent years, under the role of the“Belt and Road” initiative, the SCO, and the Sino-Russian Humanities Cooperation Committee, Sino-Russian culture and humanities cooperation has continued to deepen. Entering a new era, taking the opportunity to promote Sino-Russian relations into a “new era China-Russia comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership”, the development of human relations between the two countries has entered a new historical starting point, while also facing a series of problems and challenges. This article is based on the current status of Sino-Russian human relations in the new era, interprets the characteristics of Sino-Russian human relations in the new era, analyzes the problems and challenges of Sino-Russian human relations in the new era, and tries to propose solutions and solutions with a view to further developing Sino-Russian cultural and humanities relations in the new era. It is a useful reference, and provides a reference for future related research, and ultimately helps the Sino-Russian cultural and humanities relations in the new era to be stable and far-reaching.

The role of logistics in promoting Italian agribusiness: The Belt and Road Initiative case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 105560
Author(s):  
Fabio Carlucci ◽  
Carlo Corcione ◽  
Paolo Mazzocchi ◽  
Barbara Trincone
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Time-space evolution of the goods export network of the Belt and Road countries: The view of weighted complex network

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Min Liu ◽  
Weixian Xue ◽  
Lisong He ◽  
Xue Yan
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Trade Volume ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Weighted Complex Network ◽  
The Belt And Road

The weighted complex network is utilized to analyze the evolution of the overall structural features of the goods export network and the role transitions of each country in the network. The research suggests: 1. The network of exports of the Belt and Road countries has transformed from multi-core pattern into one extreme along with multi-core pattern; 2. China, South Korea, Russia, Singapore and Italy are the highest-ranking countries in the network. Among these countries, the influence of China is on the rise, South Korea South Korea’s influence remains basically unchanged., however, Russia, Singapore and Italy are on the decline; 3. The leading edge of Asia-Pacific block in the network has been enhanced year by year. Not only has the trade volume within the block increased to 50% of the whole network, but the trade export to other three blocks has significant increasement. The total volume of trade in European block increased greatly and its block mode has transformed from external to universal. The trade volume of the former Soviet Union block along with the West Asia-Africa block increased significantly as well, but there is still a large gap compared with the European block and Asia-Pacific block.

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