A Case Series of Candle Wax Burns during the Lantern Festival in Hong Kong

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
PC Lee ◽  
WM Ching ◽  
CW Kam ◽  
HH Yau
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
The Face ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns

Every year there was significant number of burn cases during the Lantern (Mid-Autumn) Festival in Hong Kong because children liked to play with fire on that day. They would either burn the lantern or boil the wax from candles in a pot over a fire. When the wax has melted, they poured cold water into it, causing a small explosion with water vapour and wax droplets. Children and adolescents were more common than adults to be burnt by the hot vapour, fire or hot wax. The majority sustained partial thickness burns involving the face. Such burn injuries should be preventable by education and legislation.

scholarly journals Management of facial burns

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Facial Burns ◽  
The Face ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns

Abstract Burns to the face affect a part of the body that cannot be hidden and thus exposes potentially major changes in appearance to society. Therefore, it is incumbent upon the caregiver to optimize healing and minimize scarring. The goal for partial-thickness burns is to have them heal within 2–3 weeks to minimize healing time. For full-thickness burns there needs to be strategies to optimize the outcomes for skin grafting and minimize scarring. The goal of this review is to discuss the best way to improve the outcomes of these devastating injuries.

scholarly journals The use of a non-medicated dressing for superficial-partial thickness burns in children: a case series and review

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205951311989695
Author(s):  
Ter-Er Kusu-Orkar ◽  
Umar Islam ◽  
Benjamin Hall ◽  
Evan Araia ◽  
Nikki Allorto
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Partial Thickness Burn ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns

Background: Cutimed® Sorbact® is a dressing marketed as having antimicrobial properties and easy application without the threat of antibiotic resistance and difficult accessibility. There is little evidence on the clinical outcomes of the use of Cutimed® Sorbact® in adults and currently no evidence of use of Cutimed® Sorbact® on superficial-partial thickness burn injuries in children. Objective: To summarise the clinical outcome of burn wounds in children with superficial-partial thickness burns in which Cutimed® Sorbact® was used. Method: An observational case series was conducted in Edendale Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa over the course of four weeks. Patients where included if they were aged < 10 years and had a ⩽ 15% superficial-partial burn. The primary outcome measure was time to 95% re-epithelialisation. Secondary outcome measures included wound complications, adverse healing and number of dressing changes. Results: Ten patients (five girls, five boys; age range = 11 months–8 years) were included in this case series. All participants had a type VI Fitzpatrick skin type and 80% of burns were hot water burns. Of all patients treated with Cutimed® Sorbact®, 50% healed within seven days, 70% within 14 days and 100% within 21 days. There was only one wound complication noted in this study and there was no adverse healing in any burn wounds. The mean number of dressing changes was 1.4 (range = 1–2) and length of hospital stay was in the range of 0–11 days (mean = 5.1 days). Conclusion: Cutimed® Sorbact® is a safe, useful and cost-effective dressing that should be used as an alternative for superficial-partial burns in children.

scholarly journals Coming to Consensus: What Defines Deep Partial Thickness Burn Injuries in Porcine Models?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela L F Gibson ◽  
Bonnie C Carney ◽  
Leila Cuttle ◽  
Christine J Andrews ◽  
Christine J Kowalczewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Partial Thickness Burn ◽  
Consensus Statements ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns ◽  
Burn Depth ◽  
Histological Staining ◽  
Educational Component

Abstract Deep partial thickness burns are clinically prevalent and difficult to diagnose. In order to develop methods to assess burn depth and therapies to treat deep partial thickness burns, reliable, accurate animal models are needed. The variety of animal models in the literature and the lack of precise details reported for the experimental procedures make comparison of research between investigators challenging and ultimately affect translation to patients. They sought to compare deep partial thickness porcine burn models from five well-established laboratories. In doing so, they uncovered a lack of consistency in approaches to the evaluation of burn injury depth that was present within and among various models. They then used an iterative process to develop a scoring rubric with an educational component to facilitate burn injury depth evaluation that improved reliability of the scoring. Using the developed rubric to re-score the five burn models, they found that all models created a deep partial thickness injury and that agreement about specific characteristics identified on histological staining was improved. Finally, they present consensus statements on the evaluation and interpretation of the microanatomy of deep partial thickness burns in pigs.

811 Comparison of an Enzymatic Debrider with Antibiotic Ointment in the Outpatient Care of Minor Partial Thickness Burns

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S244-S245
Author(s):  
Suzanne Mitchell ◽  
Dhaval Bhavsar ◽  
Jessica Reynolds ◽  
Jessica Jones ◽  
Julia M Pena
Keyword(s):  
Wound Closure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Topical Antibiotic ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Partial Thickness Burn ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns ◽  
Antibiotic Ointment

Abstract Introduction In the U.S. about 450,000 people per year receive medical burn care through hospital emergency departments, hospital outpatient clinics, free-standing urgent care centers and private physician offices. Burns are generally classified in terms of depth and severity. Outpatient management of partial thickness burns normally involves the application of an ointment, which may contain an antibiotic and is widely used in burn care. This clinical study has been designed to prospectively evaluate potential benefits of an enzymatic debrider in partial thickness burn wounds compared to antibiotic only treatment. The primary purpose of this study is to compare an enzymatic debrider with a topical antibiotic ointment in the proportion healed at 3 weeks after initiation of treatment, and time to healing (in weeks). Methods A convenience sample of 20 subjects, aged 19–56, with an acute thermal burn injury less than 72 hours old, and less than 10% TBSA were randomly assigned to outpatient treatment with an enzymatic debrider or a topical antibiotic. The proportion of subjects healed after 3 weeks of treatment was analyzed using ANOVA. In addition, a t-test comparison between the enzymatic debrider and the topical antibiotic was performed. Results For partial thickness burns, the mean time to heal using an enzymatic debrider was 18 days compared to 28 days for the topical antibiotic. However, there was no statistical significance in burn wound closure between subjects receiving an enzymatic debrider compared to a topical antibiotic, t (13) = .677; p = .510. An analysis of variance comparing an enzymatic debrider and a topical antibiotic also showed no statistical significance in time to heal (F=.849, p=374). Conclusions Due to the small sample size, the results from this study do not support the use of an enzymatic debrider versus a topical antibiotic in treating partial thickness burn injuries to advance wound closure or shorten time to heal. The results of this study show clinical significance, with burn wounds healed in 18 days when an enzymatic debrider was used compared to 28 days when a topical antibiotic was used. The lack of statistical significance was due to an under-powered study. Furthermore, partial thickness burns should spontaneously heal within 7–14 days, regardless of the topical treatment, excluding concomitant co-morbidities. Applicability of Research to Practice Continued research is necessary, employing larger sample sizes to adequately compare the use of an enzymatic debrider compared to topical antibiotics in deep partial thickness burn wounds. In addition, outpatient management of deep thickness and full-thickness burn injuries, utilizing sharp debridement in conjunction with enzymatic debridement, in patients who decline surgical treatment of burn wounds should be explored, analyzing time to heal, scar evaluation, and cost analysis,

scholarly journals Scarred Heart: A Case Series

2019 ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Huzairi S ◽  
Nada SZ
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Field Hospital ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Facial Burns ◽  
The Face ◽  
Women And Children

Introduction: As of February 2018, around 900,000 Rohingyans have fled to Bangladesh to seek refuge – 80% of which were women and children.1 From satellite analyses, at least 288 villages were destroyed by fire in northern Rakhine since August 2017.2 As a tertiary medical facility catering to these refugees, the Malaysian Field Hospital (MFH) has attended to a myriad of diseases both physical and mental. The most challenging yet are burn injuries with deformities.Case 1: As a result of being torched alive, a Rohingyan woman was left with facial burns that caused visual and eating difficulties. Her scars had disfigured her so badly that her own children were terrified to look her in the face. Nonetheless, she persevered through her daily living.Case 2: A young boy who lost his father in a military attack sustained burn injuries to his left hand while escaping his burning house. As a result, he sustained a fixed deformity and total loss of function to the hand. Surgical intervention is due, however functional recovery is slim.Case 3: A young girl who sustained permanent contractures to her left foot came for treatment with MFH after many years of living with the disability. Fortunately for her, MFH was able to offer surgical intervention so she was able to regain function of her left foot.Discussion & Conclusion: While many are aware of the world’s fastest-growing humanitar ia n crisis, its origin, details and aftermath are scantily exposed. Burmese journalists have been pressured and their press freedom undermined by bureaucratic threats, budget constraints and difficult visa approvals for on-site reporting in Bangladesh.3 Volunteers should therefore share their experiences to raise awareness on the dire situation faced by refugees. However, while social media serves as a great platform to spread awareness, one has to be mindful of the refugee’s privacy and consent should be sought especially when photos and identities are shared.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2019 Page: 56

scholarly journals The Introduction of a Protocol for the Use of Biobrane for Facial Burns in Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Rogers ◽  
S. Adams ◽  
H. Rode
Keyword(s):  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Facial Burns ◽  
Aesthetic Results ◽  
Cadaver Skin ◽  
The Face ◽  
One Year ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns ◽  
Historical Controls

Biobrane has become an indispensible dressing with three established indications in acute burns care at our institution: (1) as the definitive dressing of superficial partial thickness facial burns, (2) after tangential excision of deep burns when autograft or cadaver skin is unavailable, and (3) for graft reduction. This paper details our initial experience of Biobrane for the management of superficial partial thickness facial burns in children and the protocol that was compiled for its optimal use. A retrospective analysis of theatre records, case notes and photographs was performed to evaluate our experience with Biobrane over a one-year period. Endpoints included length of stay, analgesic requirements, time to application of Biobrane, healing times, and aesthetic results. Historical controls were used to compare the results with our previous standard of care. 87 patients with superficial partial thickness burns of the face had Biobrane applied during this period. By adhering to the protocol we were able to demonstrate significant reductions in hospital stay, healing time, analgesic requirements, nursing care, with excellent cosmetic results. The protocol is widely accepted by all involved in the optimal management of these patients, including parents, anaesthetists, and nursing staff.

Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement of e-cigarette burns: a single unit experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 758-761
Author(s):  
Weiguang Ho ◽  
Christopher D. Jones ◽  
Daniel Widdowson ◽  
Hilal Bahia
Keyword(s):  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns ◽  
Enzymatic Debridement

Objective: It is widely accepted that the early debridement of burns improves outcome. There is increasing evidence that enzymatic debridement is an effective technique for removal of full-thickness and deep-dermal burns, reducing blood loss and often the need for autologous skin grafting by avoiding over excision of the burn. We aim to highlight the potential use of this form of debridement as an alternative to surgical management in patients with electronic cigarette (e-cigarette)-associated flame burn injuries. Methods: This case series presents the use of Nexobrid (MediWound Ltd, Israel), a non-surgical, bromelain-based enzymatic debridement technique, in patients with deep partial-thickness burns (range: 1–3% total body surface area), avoiding the need for autologous skin grafting. Results: Burn wounds in two patients healed within 14 days without complications or the need for further surgical intervention. Another patient required further dressings after discharge but failed to attend follow-up appointments. These results are comparable with those reported by others using conservative management of e-cigarette burns. Conclusion: The authors wish to raise awareness of the potential for a combination of thermal and chemical burns related to e-cigarette explosions. Chemical burns should be excluded by pH testing of the burn wound. From our experience, small e-cigarette-associated flame burns can be considered for management with enzymatic debridement.

Chondritis of the ear: A late sequela of deep partial thickness burns of the face

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bentrem ◽  
Timothy J. Bill ◽  
Harvey N. Himel ◽  
Richard F. Edlich
Keyword(s):  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Late Sequela ◽  
The Face ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns

scholarly journals In Vivo Assessment of Burn Depth and Wound Healing Using a Handheld Terahertz Hyperspectral Scanner

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Osman ◽  
Zachery Harris ◽  
Juin Zhou ◽  
Mahmoud Khani ◽  
Adam Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Scattering ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Spectral Amplitude ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Partial Thickness Burn ◽  
Signal Contrast ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns

Abstract The accuracy of clinical assessment in partial-thickness burn injuries has remained as low as 50-75%. Depending on the depth and environmental factors in the wound, such as reactive oxygen species, inflammation, and autophagy, partial-thickness burns can heal spontaneously or require surgical intervention. In this study, we demonstrate that Terahertz Time-Domain Spectral Imaging (THz-TDSI) is a promising tool for in vivo quantitative assessment of burn injuries. We used a novel handheld THz-TDSI scanner to characterize burn injuries in a porcine scald model with histopathological control. Prior work used THz reflectivity (representation of tissue hydration) as the only source of signal contrast. However, we used the spectral amplitude and the spectral slope of the terahertz electric field to distinguish the different severities of burns, suggesting that the energy loss due to electromagnetic scattering from skin constituents serves an additional metric to quantitatively assess burn injuries. Statistical analysis (n = 40) indicates that THz-TDSI can accurately differentiate between partial-thickness and full-thickness burn injuries (1-way ANOVA, p < 0.05) and monitor the healing process of partial thickness burns. THz-TDSI has the potential to improve burn care outcomes by helping surgeons to make objective decisions for early excision.

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