A Three-Dimensional Model for Evaluating Individual Differences in Tempo and Tempo Variation in Musical Performance

2019 ◽  
pp. 102986491987312
Author(s):  
Danny Quan Zhou ◽  
Dorottya Fabian
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Performance Style ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Music Performance Research ◽  
Recorded Performances ◽  
Performance Research

People differ from each other, and this includes performers of music. The study of individual differences is well established in many social science disciplines but has been largely neglected in music performance research. To what extent do performers play differently from each other? How can these differences be concisely described and precisely assessed? Questions like these remain unanswered. Focusing on tempo and tempo variation in performance, this article contributes to knowledge by describing a well-defined, clearly illustrated and systematically classified taxonomy for identifying differences in tempo and tempo variation. Based on findings from past theoretical and empirical research on tempo in performance, it presents a model whereby performers’ individual differences in tempo and tempo variation can be evaluated. The model identifies six variables representing three dimensions of tempo and tempo variation: basic tempo, global tempo variation, and local tempo variation. It has the potential for providing researchers with a toolbox for analyzing differences among individual performers’ use of tempo and tempo variation by assessing the extent to which each of the variables is embodied in specific performances. Evgeny Kissin’s and Lars Vogt’s recorded performances are used to illustrate how the model will perform its role. Researchers could test the model further by analyzing a larger repertoire and/or carrying out experiments to generate more comprehensive knowledge about individual differences in performance style.

scholarly journals Rethinking student-teacher relationships in higher education: a multidimensional approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Tormey
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
Student Teacher ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Teacher Relationships ◽  
Student Teacher Relationships

AbstractStudent-teacher relationships play an important role in both teacher and student experiences in higher education and have been found to be linked to learning, classroom management, and to student absenteeism. Although historically conceptualised in terms of immediacy or distance and measured with reference to behaviours, the growing recognition of the role of emotions and of power—as well as the development of a range of multidimensional models of social relationships—all suggest it is time to re-evaluate how student-teacher relationships are understood. This paper develops a theoretical model of student-teacher affective relationships in higher education based on three dimensions: affection/warmth, attachment/safety, and assertion/power. The three-dimensional model was tested using the Classroom Affective Relationships Inventory (CARI) with data from 851 students. The data supported the use of this multidimensional model for student-teacher relationships with both two- and three-dimensional models of relationships being identified as appropriate. The theoretical development of a multidimensional model and the empirical development of an instrument with which to explore these dimensions has important implications for higher education teachers, administrators and researchers.

A Fast Three-Dimensional Model for Strip Rolling

2016 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 566-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Overhagen ◽  
Paul Josef Mauk
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Gradient ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Strip Rolling ◽  
Lateral Direction

Rolling Models have come a long way from the first empirical relations about forward slip and bite conditions to their current state, which allows local quantities to be calculated in two and three dimensions. In this paper, state-of-the-art of analytical modelling of the rolling process is shown with a fully three-dimensional rolling model for hot and cold strip rolling with stress distributions in the longitudinal, vertical and lateral directions. For this purpose, von Karman’s strip approach is extended to account for the stress gradient in lateral direction, as was already shown in different papers. The stress gradient in the vertical (through-thickness) direction is introduced by a modern implementation of Orowan’s inhomogeneous deformation theory. The local stress distributions are compared to results from Finite-Element Calculations obtained with modern FEM codes. It will be shown, under which circumstances expensive FEM calculations can be replaced by simpler models like the one proposed here, which are more time and cost-effective without a significant loss in result precision. The rolling model is extended with a Finite Element Beam Model for work and backup roll deformation, as well as local work roll flattening and thermal crown for hot rolling. The Effects of those features on stress distribution and exit strip profile are shown for hot and cold rolling.

scholarly journals A Three-Dimensional Polar Ice-Sheet Model

1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (80) ◽  
pp. 373-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jenssen
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Mass Depletion

AbstractA three-dimensional model of the temperature and velocity distribution within any arbitrary-shaped ice mass is described. There is a mutual interaction in the model between the flow of the ice and its thermodynamics, since the flow law used in the model is temperature-dependent.Ice growth in three dimensions is governed by mass accumulation through precipitation, by mass depletion through loss of ice over the ocean, and by continuity requirements. Phase changes at the base of the ice are accounted for. The model has been applied in art exploratory manner to the Greenland ice sheet. Changes in the ice shape and temperature are presented and discussed. The basic shortcoming of the model as here presented appears primarily due to the coarse finite-difference mesh used, and to an unsophisticated approach to modelling the boundary ice.

scholarly journals Re-Evaluating the Classical Falling Body Problem

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam R. El-Zahar ◽  
Abdelhalim Ebaid ◽  
Abdulrahman F. Aljohani ◽  
José Tenreiro Machado ◽  
Dumitru Baleanu
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Body Problem ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Analytic Solution ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Rotating Frame ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model

This paper re-analyzes the falling body problem in three dimensions, taking into account the effect of the Earth’s rotation (ER). Accordingly, the analytic solution of the three-dimensional model is obtained. Since the ER is quite slow, the three coupled differential equations of motion are usually approximated by neglecting all high order terms. Furthermore, the theoretical aspects describing the nature of the falling point in the rotating frame and the original inertial frame are proved. The theoretical and numerical results are illustrated and discussed.

Health harm of work from the sustainable HRM perspective: scale development and validation

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 924-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugumar Mariappanadar
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Study Item ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a health harm of work scale from the sustainable HRM perspective. Design/methodology/approach A three-dimensional model was proposed for the health harm of work scale and validated (Total n=527) using a five-part study (item generation, item reduction, convergent, construct and discriminant validity). Findings Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported that the three dimensions (restrictions for positive health, the risk factors for psychological health and the side effect harm of work) simultaneously tap into different aspects of the health harm of work construct. The results from the construct validity revealed that health harm of work as a phenomenon has manifested itself in different facets of health harm of work intensification. Finally, the discriminant validity study revealed that the overlap between the dimensions of the health harm of work scale and the dimensions of recovery experience from the work questionnaire is low and it provides support for the discriminant validity of dimensions between these two scales. Practical implications The proposed measure can be used as potential leading indicators for negative occupational health to prevent or delay the onset of work-related illness manifestation or health consequences (sick leave, absenteeism, presenteeism, etc.). Originality/value This is the first study to validate a measure of health harm of work and to provide tangible evidence of health harm of work which will subsequently trigger organizations to introduce a planned intervention to improve occupational well-being to promote sustainable HRM.

scholarly journals A retrospective of the research on musical expression conducted at CEGeME

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Loureiro ◽  
Tairone Magalhaes ◽  
Davi Mota ◽  
Thiago Campolina ◽  
Aluizio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Program ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
School Of Music ◽  
Musical Gesture ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Music Performance Research

CEGeME - Center for Research on Musical Gesture and Expression is affiliated to the Graduate Program in Music of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), hosted by the School of Music, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, since 2008. Focused on the empirical investigation of music performance, research at CEGeME departs from musical content information extracted from audio signals and three-dimensional spatial position of musicians, recorded during a music performance. Our laboratories are properly equipped for the acquisition of such data. Aiming at establishing a musicological approach to different aspects of musical expressiveness, we investigate causal relations between the expressive intention of musicians and the way they manipulate the acoustic material and how they move while playing a piece of music. The methodology seeks support on knowledge such as computational modeling, statistical analysis, and digital signal processing, which adds to traditional musicology skills. The group has attracted study postulants from different specialties, such as Computer Science, Engineering, Physics, Phonoaudiology and Music Therapy, as well as collaborations from professional musicians instigated by specific inquiries on the performance on their instruments. This paper presents a brief retrospective of the different research projects conducted at CEGeME.

scholarly journals COORDINATE SYSTEM FOR REPRESENTATION OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL DATA

2018 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
A. B. Lachikhina ◽  
K. N. Soldatov
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Independent Data ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Multidimensional Array ◽  
Number Of Faces

Visualization of analyzing multidimensional data is often required in order to improve perception and visibility. The purpose of this research is a multidimensional array of data representation. It is proposed to use a three-dimensional model as a tool. The methods used to represent an array of data with more than three dimensions are presented. The principle of constructing a multidimensional array cell is considered. An example of the constructed hypercube cell is given. The formulas for calculating the number of faces of the figure, the number of triangles that can be built through points, the number of internal triangles are obtained. The approach of visualization of aggregates is described. The use of color gradation to improve the convenience of perception of the cell in the analysis of the cube cells. It is concluded that the proposed model allows us to perceive each cell as an independent data element in the construction of charts for the analyzed indicators.

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