Acne and Antibiotics

Acne vulgaris is a disorder of the skin which begins with the accumulation of sebum in the sebaceous duct. The pressure built up by the accumulated sebum can rupture the duct. Diffusion of the sebum, particularly of its fatty acids, into the skin brings about an inflammatory reaction often accompanied by an infection. Besides causing infection, the bacteria produce lipases that stimulate the inflammatory processes by hydrolyzing the sebum into fatty acids. These effects can be attributed to both Corynebacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The way in which both oral and topical antibiotics can be used in, the treatment of acne is reviewed. The possibility for combined local treatment with an antibiotic and an antiandrogen is discussed.

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Levels of antibody to Staphylococcus epidermidis in patients with acne vulgaris

Archives of Dermatology ◽

10.1001/archderm.92.1.88 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 88-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. M. Puhvel

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Acne Vulgaris

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Acne vulgaris. Studies in pathogenesis: relative irritancy of free fatty acids from C2 to C16

Archives of Dermatology ◽

10.1001/archderm.97.6.722 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 97 (6) ◽

pp. 722-726 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

R. E. Kellum

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Free Fatty Acids ◽

Acne Vulgaris

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Apoptosis and inflammation

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/s0962935195000020 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 5-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

C. Haanen ◽

I. Vermes

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Inflammatory Reaction ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Apoptotic Cell ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Target Cells ◽

Apoptotic Bodies ◽

Accidental Injury ◽

Inflammatory Reactions ◽

Inflammatory Processes

During the last few decades it has been recognized that cell death is not the consequence of accidental injury, but is the expression of a cell suicide programme. Kerr et al. (1972) introduced the term apoptosis. This form of cell death is under the influence of hormones, growth factors and cytokines, which depending upon the receptors present on the target cells, may activate a genetically controlled cell elimination process. During apoptosis the cell membrane remains intact and the cell breaks into apoptotic bodies, which are phagocytosed. Apoptosis, in contrast to necrosis, is not harmful to the host and does not induce any inflammatory reaction. The principal event that leads to inflammatory disease is cell damage, induced by chemical/physical injury, anoxia or starvation. Cell damage means leakage of cell contents into the adjacent tissues, resulting in the capillary transmigration of granulocytes to the injured tissue. The accumulation of neutrophils and release of enzymes and oxygen radicals enhances the inflammatory reaction. Until now there has been little research into the factors controlling the accumulation and the tissue load of granulocytes and their histotoxic products in inflammatory processes. Neutrophil apoptosis may represent an important event in the control of intlamtnation. It has been assumed that granulocytes disintegrate to apoptotic bodies before their fragments are removed by local macrophages. Removal of neutrophils from the inflammatory site without release of granule contents is of paramount importance for cessation of inflammation. In conclusion, apoptotic cell death plays an important role in inflammatory processes and in the resolution of inflammatory reactions. The facts known at present should stimulate further research into the role of neutrophil, eosinophil and macrophage apoptosis in inflammatory diseases.

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Fatty acids modulate destructive and inflammatory processes in osteoarthritic cartilage

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage ◽

10.1016/j.joca.2012.02.151 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. S121-S122

Author(s):

M. Siawash

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Osteoarthritic Cartilage ◽

Inflammatory Processes

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Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Benefits and Endpoints in Sport

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11010046 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 46 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Maria Gammone ◽

Graziano Riccioni ◽

Gaspare Parrinello ◽

Nicolantonio D’Orazio

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Metabolic Response ◽

Muscle Metabolism ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Cellular Functions ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Inflammatory Processes ◽

And Performance

The influence of nutrition has the potential to substantially affect physical function and body metabolism. Particular attention has been focused on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), which can be found both in terrestrial features and in the marine world. They are responsible for numerous cellular functions, such as signaling, cell membrane fluidity, and structural maintenance. They also regulate the nervous system, blood pressure, hematic clotting, glucose tolerance, and inflammatory processes, which may be useful in all inflammatory conditions. Animal models and cell-based models show that n-3 PUFAs can influence skeletal muscle metabolism. Furthermore, recent human studies demonstrate that they can influence not only the exercise and the metabolic response of skeletal muscle, but also the functional response for a period of exercise training. In addition, their potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity may provide health benefits and performance improvement especially in those who practice physical activity, due to their increased reactive oxygen production. This review highlights the importance of n-3 PUFAs in our diet, which focuses on their potential healthy effects in sport.

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