Overempowered? Diversity-Focused Research with Gender/Sex and Sexual Majorities

2021 ◽  
pp. 108926802110344
Author(s):  
Sari M. van Anders ◽  
Zach C. Schudson ◽  
Will J. Beischel ◽  
Emma C. Abed ◽  
Aki Gormezano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Sexual Diversity ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Socially Situated ◽  
Critical Methods ◽  
Do So

Diversity-focused research can provide important insights about gender/sex and sexual diversity, including in relation to oppression and privilege. To do so, it needs to critically engage with power and include minoritized and majoritized participants. But, the critical methods guiding this are typically aimed at empowering marginalized groups and may “overempower” majority participants. Here, we discuss three diversity-focused research projects about gender/sex and sexual diversity where our use of critical methods overempowered majority participants in ways that reinforced their privilege. We detail how diversity-focused research approaches thus need to be “majority-situating”: attending to and managing the privilege and power that majority participants carry to research. Yet, we also lay out how diversity-focused research still needs to be “minority-inclusive”: validating, welcoming, and empowering to people from marginalized social locations. We discuss these approaches working synergistically; minority-inclusive methods can also be majority-situating, providing majorities with opportunities for growth, learning, and seeing that they—and not just “others”—are socially situated. We conclude by laying out what a diversity-focused research program might look like that includes both majority-situating and minority-inclusive approaches, to work towards a more just and empirical scholarship that does not lead to majorities who are even more overempowered.

scholarly journals Realismo Neoclássico e o Nível Doméstico: A dança das variáveis intervenientes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-169
Author(s):  
Gustavo Fornari Dall'Agnol
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Neoclassical Realism ◽  
The Future ◽  
Realist Ontology ◽  
Domestic Level ◽  
Do So

O presente artigo visa a explorar teoricamente o nível doméstico no programa de pesquisa do Realismo Neoclássico. Para tal, revisa-se o programa desde suas origens na década de 1990 até seu desenvolvimento mais atual, aqui analisado na obra de Ripsman, Lobell e Taliaferro (2016). Faz-se uma revisão crítica do emprego das variáveis domésticas, de maneira, aqui argumentada, indiscriminada e prejudicial ao futuro do programa de pesquisa. Ademais irá propor-se que o Realismo Neoclássico, como possível solução, reorganize as variáveis de nível doméstico empregadas em suas análises e construções teóricas, de maneira a dar primazia a variáveis mais ligadas à ontologia e epistemologia realista. Conclui-se que essa é uma maneira para superar as críticas feitas ao programa de pesquisa, que do ponto de vista do presente estudo, vem contribuindo decisivamente para o estudo da política internacional e pode continuar a fazê-lo.     Abstract: The present paper aims at theoretically exploring the domestic level in the Neoclassical Realist research program. In order to do so, it analyzes the program since its origins in the 1990 towards its most recent development, expressed by the work of Ripsman, Lobell and Taliaferro (2016). A critical review of the employment of domestic variables is realized, arguing that they are introduced in a non-systematic manner and are an obstacle for the future of the research program. Beyond that, it will be proposed, that Neoclassical Realism, as a possible solution, reorganizes its domestic level variables employed in their analysis and theoretical constructions, in a manner of giving primacy to variables closer to the realist ontology and epistemology. The conclusion is that this is one way of overcoming the critics towards the research program, which from the perspective of this work, has been contributing decisively to the study of international politics and can keep doing so. Key-words: Neoclassical Realism; Domestic Variables; Realpolitik.       Recebido em: junho/2019 Aprovado em: dezembro/2020

Using practice analytics to understand variation and support re-flective practice: A protocol for a comprehensive digital health re-search program (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Janssen ◽  
Stella Talic ◽  
Dragan Gasevic ◽  
Tim Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Electronic Data

BACKGROUND There is an increasing quantity of electronic data sitting within the health system. This data has untapped potential to improve clinical practice if extracted efficiently and harnessed to change the behavior of health professionals. Furthermore, there is an in-creasing expectation by government and peak bodies that both individual health pro-fessionals and healthcare organisations will be utilising electronic data for licensing and accreditation. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to understand how digital technology for harnessing elec-tronic health data can be used effectively by health professionals to support practice reflection. METHODS A multidisciplinary approach was used to connect academic experts from core disci-plines of Health and Medicine, Education and Learning Sciences, and Engineering and Information Communication Technology (ICT) with government and health services partners to identify key problems preventing the healthcare industry from using elec-tronic data to support health professional learning. The approach was used to design a large-scale research program to solve this problem. The program will be delivered by doctoral candidates undertaking research projects with discrete aims that run in paral-lel to achieve the program’s overarching objectives. RESULTS The research program commenced in March 2020. Since this time four PhD Candidates have commenced their research projects. Preliminary findings are expected from indi-vidual projects in late 2021. CONCLUSIONS The approach used in this research program has potential to successfully unpack elec-tronic data siloed within clinical sites and enable health professionals to use it to reflect on their practice and deliver high quality care. Key outputs of the program will include fostering stronger connections between industry and academia, interlinking doctoral research projects to solve complex problems, the creation of new knowledge for clinical sites on how data can be used to understand performance and strengthening profes-sional development programs to align them with clinical practice. Key contributions of this paper include presenting a description of Practice Analytics, and describing the foundational academic disciplines that contribute to it. It will also present a method for designing a Practice Analytics research program.

Critical Criminology

Criminology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
Critical Criminology ◽  
Green Criminology ◽  
Cultural Criminology ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Power Differentials ◽  
Feminist Criminology ◽  
Convict Criminology ◽  
Do So

Like orthodox criminology, critical criminology has developed numerous specialties, and thus it is no longer possible to describe a generic critical criminology, or to succinctly summarize this view. For this reason, this entry excludes coverage of portions of critical criminology such as critical race/racial bias, feminist criminology, violence against women, postmodern/semiotic/constitutive criminology, cultural criminology, convict criminology, and environmental justice and environmental/green criminology. Despite growing specialization, the field of critical criminology is united in its emphasis on addressing power differentials, hierarchies, and inequalities as explanations of crime, as these impact the distribution of crime over time and place, and in relation to definitions of crime and justice and processes of doing justice, as these impact the making and enforcing of laws. These power differentials also mold intermediary cultures and their relations to crime and justice. In addition, a number of critical criminology perspectives attempt to promote economic, social, and political equity to diminish the production of crime and disparities in the making and enforcement of law. Some seek to do so by empowering victims and marginalized groups, and it is this commitment to the powerless and marginalized that distinguishes critical from orthodox criminology. The bibliographic material that follows is organized to best reflect the limited segment of critical criminology that can adequately be addressed here.

Physical Oceanography in Canada

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411-1433
Author(s):  
C. R. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Physical Oceanography ◽  
Fisheries Oceanography ◽  
Do So

The basic research program in physical oceanography in Canada is described. The use of physical oceanographic information in resource development, environmental assessment, prediction of climate, and other marine activities is examined. A major finding of the study is that the use of physical oceanographic information has increased and will continue to do so. Basic research in fisheries oceanography, ocean climatology, and numerical modeling is inadequate. Recommendations are formulated to improve basic research and services.

scholarly journals The Ph.D.-candidate as an information literate resource

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Daland
Keyword(s):  
Reference Group ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University ◽  
Do So

One of Agder University Librarys goals is to support teaching and research at the University of Agder (UoA). To do so, the library should be involved in research projects and offer the right products at the right time. The spring of 2012 a survey was conducted among researchers (academic staff and Ph.D.-students) at the faculty of humanities and education at UoA as well as the library staff. Aditional interviews was made with the library´s research librarians and two of the Ph.D.-students. The surveys and interviews made it clear that researchers and librarians have a different conception on what research support is and should be. While librarians focus mostly on library resources, the researchers focus more generally on practical, economical and administrative help to make research possible. However, the majority answered yes to the question on the library being an important part of research support.Working closely with the researchers can help to offer the right library resources at the right time. Ph.D.-students are less likely to be set in their ways in regards to information behaviour and will often be positive to try new approaches. Also, the Ph.D.-students can be used as a reference group for developing library resources for researchers, for example subject guides. The outside perspective on the library can help to find new ways of approaching research support to make it more useful to researchers.

scholarly journals INDOT Research Program Benefit Cost Analysis—Return on Investment for Projects Completed in FY 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob McCulloch
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
New Research ◽  
Benefit Cost

To demonstrate the value of research and its implementation, the Governor’s Office requested an annual financial analysis of the INDOT Research Program to determine the return on the research investment (ROI). The current financial analysis is for research projects that completed in FY 2020. Analyses on previous year’s projects is necessary primarily due to the time it takes some project outcomes to be implemented, extending into the following year. Therefore, the FY 2020 analysis is completed in calendar 2021. The ROI analysis will supplement the annual IMPACT report by adding a more rigorous quantitative benefit cost analysis (BCA) to the Research Program. Previous financial analyses used the approach of calculating net present values of cash flows to determine a benefit cost ratio and this report uses the same approach. Additionally, an overall program rate of return (ROI) is reported and will be accumulated over time into a rolling 5-year average. While the quantitative benefit cost analysis (BCA) was rigorous, results are limited to projects where benefits and costs could be quantified, where data is available to perform a quantitative analysis. Qualitative benefits are highlighted in the companion annual IMPACT report (https://www.in.gov/indot/files/Research-Program-Impact-Report.pdf ). In 2018, INDOT unveiled its new Strategic Plan. The Strategic Plan guides the priority research needs of the Research Program and in turn the research results support accomplishing the INDOT Strategic Plan, Strategic Objectives. A new Strategic Objective has been added to the INDOT Strategic Plan addressing Innovation & Technology. Additionally, INDOT created a new Office of Innovation. While the Research Program supports all of INDOT’s Strategic Objectives, these new initiatives have further highlighted the importance of research and its role in achieving the Strategic Objectives outlined in the new INDOT Strategic Plan. There has been more emphasis of new research needs related to new technology changes and transformational technologies. This will help position INDOT for future growth, adoption of new technologies and partnering opportunities. These new research projects will provide large qualitative ROI, however are difficult to quantify due to their complexity and newness.

scholarly journals Narrative Approaches as a Supplementary Source of Knowledge on Marginalized Groups

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Reidun Follesø ◽  
Jorid Krane Hanssen
Keyword(s):  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Narrative Approaches ◽  
Lesbian Parents ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Youth In Care ◽  
Gay And Lesbian Parents ◽  
Methodological Approaches

This article reflects upon two different research projects that involve narratives from youth in care and youth growing up in families with gay and lesbian parents. We argue that these narrative approaches may offer a supplementary source of knowledge on marginalized groups that often seem hard to reach. The first method involves the participant and researcher collaborating to convert an oral narrative into a written one. In the second, the participants write an autobiographical narrative by themselves, covering themes specified by a researcher. The article is structured so that we first look at the processes of co-creating narratives and collecting autobiographical testimonies. We then introduce the two different methodological approaches by referring to empirical examples. Finally we reflect on the methodological and ethical challenges that occurred during this research.

Autogynephilia: A scientific review, feminist analysis, and alternative ‘embodiment fantasies’ model

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-778
Author(s):  
Julia Serano
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Sexual Diversity ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Feminist Analysis ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
Lines Of Evidence ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Do So

It is generally accepted within psychology and among trans health providers that transgender people who transition do so because they have a gender identity that is incongruent with their birth-assigned sex, and distinct from their sexual orientation. In contradiction to this standard model, the theory of autogynephilia posits that transgender women’s female gender identities and transitions are merely a by-product of their sexual orientations. While subsequent research has yielded numerous lines of evidence that, taken together, disprove the theory, autogynephilia is still often touted by anti-transgender groups, including trans-exclusionary feminists. Here, I provide an updated overview of the scientific case against autogynephilia. Following that, I will forward an alternative ‘embodiment fantasies’ model that explains all the available findings better than autogynephilia theory, and which is more consistent with contemporary thinking regarding gender and sexual diversity. I will also demonstrate how autogynephilia theory relies on essentialist, heteronormative, and male-centric presumptions about women and LGBTQ+ people, and as such, it is inconsistent with basic tenets of feminism.

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