Hungry Times: Food as a source of conflict between Aboriginal people and British colonists in New South Wales 1804–1846

Recent erosion in arid regions of western NSW has exposed large areas that are scattered with stone artefacts manufactured by Aboriginal people in prehistory. These exposures offer an opportunity for archaeologists to study the artefacts abandoned by Aboriginal people through time and to compare those artefacts that accumulate in different parts of the landscape. To reconstruct the nature of prehistoric behaviour in the rangelands, two approaches are needed. First, the geomorphological context of the artefacts needs to be considered since exposure of the artefacts is a function of landscape history. Second, large areas (measured in thousands of square metres) and large numbers of artefacts need to be considered if patterns reflecting long-term abandonment behaviour by Aboriginal people are to be identified. This paper reports on the Western New South Wales Archaeological Program (WNSWAP) which was initiated in 1995 to study surface archaeology in the rangelands. Geomorphological studies are combined with artefact analysis using geographic information system software to investigate Aboriginal stone artefact scatters and associated features such as heat retainer hearths, in a landscape context. Results suggest that apparently random scatters of stone artefacts are in fact patterned in ways which inform on prehistoric Aboriginal settlement of the rangelands. Key words: Aboriginal stone artefacts; rangelands; landscape archaeology; geomorphology; GIs

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Warriewood

Sydney Journal ◽

10.5130/sj.v2i2.1505 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 66-67

Author(s):

Virginia Macleod

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Local Government ◽

Fresh Water ◽

East Coast ◽

Aboriginal People ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Early Nineteenth Century ◽

Southern Boundary ◽

South Wales

Warriewood is on Sydney's northern beaches, between Mona Vale and North Narrabeen, in the Pittwater local government area.This was once a 'wet' part of the coast. Lagoons and swamps were typical of the northern beaches and east coast of New South Wales. Narrabeen Creek flows through the middle of Warriewood, and Mullet Creek marks its southern boundary. Early nineteenth-century maps mark most of the land between the south-east corner of Pittwater across to Mona Vale Beach and south, including Warriewood Valley, as swamp. The local Guringai Aboriginal people would have found these swamps rich in food supplies – fish, birds, plants and naturally fresh water.

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The Education of Aboriginal Children in New South Wales Public Schools Since 1788: Part 2

The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education ◽

10.1017/s0310582200010063 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 20-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.W. Harris

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Public School ◽

Public Service ◽

Aboriginal People ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Department Of Education ◽

South Wales ◽

Aboriginal Children

It is uncertain when the last exclusion of children from a public school, merely for having some Aboriginal ancestry, actually occurred. In 1937, the Commonwealth and States’ conference on Aboriginal matters recommended assimilation as a general policy rather than protection, particularly with regard to the detribalized, part-caste Aboriginal people. In 1938, the New South Wales Public Service Board in its report on the Aborigines Protection Board, recommended the policy of assimilation be implemented in schools. In 1940, the Aborigines Protection Act was amended. The Aborigines Protection Board was renamed the Aborigines Welfare Board and restructured to include Aboriginal members. The complete responsibility for the education of all Aboriginal children was transferred to the New South Wales Department of Education. Almost overnight, the policy of segregation was changed to assimilation.

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Lake Mungo

The Aboriginal Child at School ◽

10.1017/s0310582200013729 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 27-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Barry Wright

Keyword(s):

Everyday Life ◽

Health Worker ◽

Aboriginal People ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Aboriginal Health ◽

Aboriginal Child ◽

South Wales ◽

A Site ◽

Aboriginal Health Worker

Lake Mungo, in New South Wales, is the home of the first known people in this country. Here, the oldest known evidence of Aboriginal people in Australia has been found. Because of its importance, it is a site which everyone should know about. To give us a feeling for Lake Mungo, Billy Reid, the illustrator of The Aboriginal Health Worker and The Aboriginal Child at School, came with me on a trip. We travelled west to the Darling River (whose Aboriginal name is Calewatta), and then south-east to Lake Mungo itself. Billy made wonderful drawings to represent the deeds and everyday life of those people. This can be reconstructed from the fossil evidence found at Lake Mungo. He has also drawn some scenes of life along the banks of the Calewatta - the river which is Billy’s own home. He hails from Bourke.

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The Stolen Children: a personal account

Children Australia ◽

10.1017/s1035077200012529 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 16 (04) ◽

pp. 19-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Linda Freedman ◽

Teresa Donaczy

Keyword(s):

Aboriginal People ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Personal Account ◽

Her Family ◽

South Wales ◽

Happy Marriage

Teresa Donaczy’s calm presence and quiet sense of humour cannot mask her pain. The memory of removal from her family at the age of five still haunts her. A re-union thirty-four years later, a happy marriage, nine children and thirteen grandchildren cannot erase the hurt. Born Teresa Kirby on an Aboriginal reserve in the New South Wales town of Balranald in 1936, Teresa recalls how the Aboriginal people hid their children in the bushes to avoid them being taken by New South Wales Government authorities.

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Phytochemical Profile and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Medicinal Plants Used by Aboriginal People of New South Wales, Australia

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/4683059 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kaisarun Akter ◽

Emma C. Barnes ◽

Joseph J. Brophy ◽

David Harrington ◽

Yaegl Community Elders ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Aboriginal People ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

South Wales

Aboriginal people of Australia possess a rich knowledge on the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of sores, wounds, and skin infections, ailments which impose a high global disease burden and require effective treatments. The antibacterial and antioxidant activities and phytochemical contents of extracts, obtained from eight medicinal plants used by Aboriginal people of New South Wales, Australia, for the treatment of skin related ailments, were assessed to add value to and provide an evidence-base for their traditional uses. Extracts ofAcacia implexa,Acacia falcata,Cassytha glabella,Eucalyptus haemastoma,Smilax glyciphylla,Sterculia quadrifida, andSyncarpia glomuliferawere evaluated. All extracts except that ofS. quadrifidashowed activity against sensitive and multidrug resistant strains ofStaphylococcus aureuswith minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 7.81 to 1000 μg/mL. The sap ofE. haemastomaand bark ofA. implexapossessed high total phenolic contents (TPC) and strong DPPH radical scavenging abilities. A positive correlation was observed between TPC and free radical scavenging ability. GC-MS analysis of then-hexane extract ofS. glomuliferaidentified known antimicrobial compounds. Together, these results support the traditional uses of the examined plants for the treatment of skin related ailments and infections by Aboriginal people of New South Wales, Australia.

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Frequent avoidable admissions amongst Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people with chronic conditions in New South Wales, Australia: a historical cohort study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42094/v5 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda Anne Jayakody ◽

Christopher Oldmeadow ◽

Mariko Carey ◽

Jamie Bryant ◽

Tiffany Evans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Conditions ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Aboriginal People ◽

New South ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

New South Wales ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Historical Cohort ◽

South Wales ◽

Avoidable Admissions

Abstract Background: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have high rates of avoidable hospital admissions for chronic conditions, however little is known about the frequency of avoidable admissions for this population. This study examined trends in avoidable admissions among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people with chronic conditions in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Methods: A historical cohort analysis using de-identified linked administrative data of Aboriginal patients and an equal number of randomly sampled non-Aboriginal patients between 2005/06 to 2013/14. Eligible patients were admitted to a NSW public hospital and who had one or more of the following ambulatory care sensitive chronic conditions as a principal diagnosis: diabetic complications, asthma, angina, hypertension, congestive heart failure and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The primary outcomes were the number of avoidable admissions for an individual in each financial year, and whether an individual had three or more admissions compared with one to two avoidable admissions in each financial year. Poisson and logistic regression models and a test for differences in yearly trends were used to assess the frequency of avoidable admissions over time, adjusting for sociodemographic variables and restricted to those aged ≤75 years.Results: Once eligibility criteria had been applied, there were 27,467 avoidable admissions corresponding to 19,025 patients between 2005/06 to 2013/14 (71.2% Aboriginal; 28.8% non-Aboriginal). Aboriginal patients were 15% more likely than non-Aboriginal patients to have a higher number of avoidable admissions per financial year (IRR=1.15; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.20). Aboriginal patients were almost twice as likely as non-Aboriginal patients to experience three or more avoidable admissions per financial year (OR=1.90; 95% CI=1.60, 2.26). There were no significant differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people in yearly trends for either the number of avoidable admissions, or whether or not an individual experienced three or more avoidable admissions per financial year (p=0.859; 0.860 respectively). Conclusion: Aboriginal people were significantly more likely to experience frequent avoidable admissions over a nine-year period compared to non-Aboriginal people. These high rates reflect the need for further research into which interventions are able to successfully reduce avoidable admissions among Aboriginal people, and the importance of culturally appropriate community health care.

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Geoarchaeology of Aboriginal Landscapes in Semi-arid Australia

10.1071/9780643108950 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Simon Holdaway ◽

Patricia Fanning

Keyword(s):

Aboriginal People ◽

Arid Zone ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Research Station ◽

Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽

The Past ◽

South Wales ◽

Wide Range ◽

Arid Zone Research

This book provides readers with a unique understanding of the ways in which Aboriginal people interacted with their environment in the past at one particular location in western New South Wales. It also provides a statement showing how geoarchaeology should be conducted in a wide range of locations throughout Australia. One of the key difficulties faced by all those interested in the interaction between humans and their environment in the past is the complex array of processes acting over different spatial and temporal scales. The authors take account of this complexity by integrating three key areas of study – geomorphology, geochronology and archaeology – applied at a landscape scale, with the intention of understanding the record of how Australian Aboriginal people interacted with the environment through time and across space. This analysis is based on the results of archaeological research conducted at the University of New South Wales Fowlers Gap Arid Zone Research Station between 1999 and 2002 as part of the Western New South Wales Archaeology Program. The interdisciplinary geoarchaeological program was targeted at expanding the potential offered by archaeological deposits in western New South Wales, Australia. The book contains six chapters: the first two introduce the study area, then three data analysis chapters deal in turn with the geomorphology, geochronology and archaeology of Fowlers Gap Station. A final chapter considers the results in relation to the history of Aboriginal occupation of Fowlers Gap Station, as well as the insights they provide into Aboriginal ways of life more generally. Analyses are well illustrated through the tabulation of results and the use of figures created through Geographic Information System software. Winner of the 2015 Australian Archaeology Association John Mulvaney Book Award

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