Intrauterine Progestogens

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Long Acting

An ideal contraceptive is one that that is highly effective, long acting, safe, easy to administer, not interfering with coitus and fully and immediately reversible. In addition, it should have non-contraceptive benefits. Progestogen-releasing intrauterine devices, especially one releasing levonorgestrel, fulfil many of these criteria. The contraceptive and non-contraceptive uses of the progesterone and the levonorgestrel releasing devices will be discussed in this review.

Reproductive Control for Men

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret P. Battin
Keyword(s):  
Male Contraception ◽  
Failure Rates ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
Reproductive Control ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
The Common ◽  
Subdermal Implants ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Double Coverage

Although women have many contraceptive options—gels, foams, pills, patches, rings, injections, subdermal implants, intrauterine devices, most with low failure rates and good reversibility—men have only the condom, withdrawal, and vasectomy, all with high failure rates or no guarantee of reversibility. This leaves men with unequal options for reproductive control, yet they may be held responsible for support of a child whether they wanted to reproduce or not. Five types of modern male contraception are now under development: they all raise issues of effectiveness, acceptability, and risk, but would give males far greater reproductive control. However, the common “one’s enough” assumption—that it is sufficient if either the male or the female contracepts—means that reproductive control could shift from females to males. “One’s enough” must be challenged in favor of “double coverage,” highly effective long-acting reversible contraception as routine for both parties, the nearest guarantee of female–male equality in reproductive control.

Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) and Teen Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Jaclyn Grentzer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Teen Pregnancy ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
The Us ◽  
Economic Barriers ◽  
Contraceptive Choice ◽  
Contraceptive Implants ◽  
Long Acting

Long-acting, reversible contraception (LARC), including intrauterine devices (IUDs) and contraceptive implants, are associated with higher contraceptive efficacy and continuation rates. Teen pregnancy rates have declined over the past 2 decades but continue to be a public health concern. Only 10% of teen girls elect to use LARC, likely due to educational, logistical, and economic barriers. The Contraceptive CHOICE Project enrolled 1404 girls aged 14 to 19. Of these teens, more than 70% chose LARC when given standardized contraceptive counseling and barriers to receiving LARC were removed. Pregnancy, live birth, and induced abortion rates in this cohort were lower than rates for the US population of sexually active teen girls. Failure rates were lower for LARC users, as compared to users of other reversible contraceptive methods.

scholarly journals Women's Use of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception for Birth Timing and Birth Stopping

Demography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieke C. W. Eeckhaut ◽  
Michael S. Rendall ◽  
Polina Zvavitch
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
Combine Data ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Reproductive Events ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive

Abstract The use of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods—intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants—has recently expanded rapidly in the United States, and these methods together approach the contraceptive pill in current prevalence. Research on LARCs has analyzed their use to reduce unintended pregnancies but not their use to enable intended pregnancies. Knowledge of both is necessary to understand LARCs’ potential impacts on the reproductive life courses of U.S. women. We combine data from two nationally representative surveys to estimate women's likelihood and timing of subsequent reproductive events, including births resulting from an intended pregnancy up to nine years after discontinuing LARC use. We estimate that 62% of women will give birth, and 45% will give birth from an intended pregnancy. Additionally, 18% will have a new LARC inserted, and 13% will transition to sterilization. Most of these reproductive events occur within two years after discontinuing LARC use. Births from an intended pregnancy are especially common when no intervening switch to another contraceptive method occurs. We infer that women's motives for using LARC are varied but include the desire to postpone a birth, to postpone a decision about whether to have a(nother) birth, and to transition definitively to the completion of childbearing.

scholarly journals Introducing the hormonal Intrauterine Device in Madagascar, Nigeria, and Zambia: results from a pilot study

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendal Danna ◽  
Grace Jaworski ◽  
Bakoly Rahaivondrafahitra ◽  
Francia Rasoanirina ◽  
Anthony Nwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cumulative Probability ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background The hormonal Intrauterine Device (IUD) is a highly effective contraceptive option growing in popularity and availability in many countries. The hormonal IUD has been shown to have high rates of satisfaction and continuation among users in high-income countries. The study aims to understand the profiles of clients who choose the hormonal IUD in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and describe their continuation and satisfaction with the method after 12 months of use. Methods A prospective longitudinal study of hormonal IUD acceptors was conducted across three countries—Madagascar, Nigeria, and Zambia—where the hormonal IUD had been introduced in a pilot setting within the of a broad mix of available methods. Women were interviewed at baseline immediately following their voluntary hormonal IUD insertion, and again 3 and 12 months following provision of the method. A descriptive analysis of user characteristics and satisfaction with the method was conducted on an analytic sample of women who completed baseline, 3-month, and 12-month follow-up questionnaires. Kaplan–Meier time-to-event models were used to estimate the cumulative probability of method continuation rates up to 12 months post-insertion. Results Each country had a unique demographic profile of hormonal IUD users with different method-use histories. Across all three countries, women reported high rates of satisfaction with the hormonal IUD (67–100%) and high rates of continuation at the 12-month mark (82–90%). Conclusions Rates of satisfaction and continuation among hormonal IUD users in the study suggest that expanding method choice with the hormonal IUD would provide a highly effective, long-acting method desirable to many different population segments, including those with high unmet need.

scholarly journals What qualities of long-acting reversible contraception do women perceive as desirable or undesirable? A systematic review

Sexual Health ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Coombe ◽  
Melissa L. Harris ◽  
Deborah Loxton
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
Irregular Bleeding ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Method Preference

Little research examining qualities of contraception that make them attractive or unattractive to users, particularly young women, exists. The aim of this study is to systemically review the evidence regarding desirable and undesirable qualities of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), including intrauterine devices, the implant and the injection, as perceived by women. Five electronic databases were searched in May 2015 using terms related to LARC and method preference or decision-making. Studies were included if they concerned women aged 18–23 years from developed countries and reported on perceived positive or negative qualities of LARC. Thirty articles were deemed relevant. Five key themes emerged under which qualities were categorised; including: (1) impact on bleeding; (2) impact on the body; (3) device-specific characteristics; (4) general characteristics; and (5) perceptions and misbeliefs. Fit and forget, high efficacy and long-term protection were considered the top desirable qualities of LARC. Undesirable qualities varied among the LARC methods; however, irregular bleeding, painful insertion and removal procedure, weight gain and location in the body were among those most commonly reported. The contraceptive benefits of LARC, including their high efficacy and longevity, are generally considered to be positive qualities by women, while the potential impact of side-effects on the body are considered as negative qualities. This information is crucial in the clinical setting as it provides practitioners with a greater understanding of the qualities women do and do not like about LARC methods. Discussion about these qualities, positive and negative, during consultations about contraception may increase rates of uptake.

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