Subjective memory impairment, instrumental activities of daily living and longitudinal effect on mortality among older adults in a population-based cohort study: The HUNT Study

Background: Subjective impairment in memory and instrumental activities in daily living (IADL) are associated with future cognitive decline and poorer mental health in older adults, but their association with mortality is uncertain. Our aim was to examine the associations between subjective memory and IADL impairments and all-cause mortality, as well as the mortality risk for reporting both memory and IADL impairments. Methods: Data from the 70-year-old and older cohort in the third survey of a population-based study, the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3), were linked to the Norwegian Causes of Death Registry. A total of 5802 older adults had complete data from HUNT3 (70.8% of the 70+ cohort). The mean follow-up time was 8.0 years, and 1870 respondents had died. Associations between subjective memory and ADL impairments with mortality were analysed in Cox regression models adjusted for covariates with attained age as the timescale. Analyses were performed separately for two age groups – 70–79 and 80+ years – to fulfil the proportional hazards assumption. Results: Subjective impairments in short-term memory and IADL were significantly associated with mortality both separately and combined. These associations were strongest in the 70- to 79-year-old group, where reporting impairment on one short-term memory item increased the mortality risk by 51% (hazard ratio=1.51; 95% confidence interval 1.20–1.91). Long-term memory impairments were not associated with mortality in the adjusted models. Conclusions: Subjective short-term memory impairments and IADL impairments are associated with increased mortality risk. Neither of these symptoms should be regarded as benign aspects of ageing, and concerns should be properly addressed.

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Specific impairments in visuospatial working and short-term memory following low-dose scopolamine challenge in healthy older adults

Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.04.010 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 46 (10) ◽

pp. 2476-2484 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Elizabeth Thomas ◽

Peter J. Snyder ◽

Robert H. Pietrzak ◽

Colleen E. Jackson ◽

Martin Bednar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Low Dose ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Healthy Older Adults

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Memory impairments and its interaction with environmental factors in children aged 6 to 8 years living in gharb plain (N-w of Morocco)

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71974-5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 264-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F.-Z. Azzaoui ◽

H. Hami ◽

A.O.T. Ahami

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Building Materials ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Rural Children ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

North West ◽

Memory Impairments ◽

The North

IntroductionThe “Gharb” plain (area of our study) localized in the North-West of Morocco is one of the most important agricultural and industrial regions of the Kingdom. Unfortunately, it suffered from the increase of different polluting human activities which expose the population, especially children, to serious neurobehavioral problems.Objective and aimsEvaluation of the short term memory and working memory in urban, periurban and rural schooled children (aged 6 to 8 years) living in Gharb plain and studying the relationship between the performance in this test and the quality of environment.MethodsMemory Sub-test of WISC III (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and questionnaire about some environmental conditions.ResultsThe obtained results had shown that 3,64% periurban children and 3,03% rural children suffer from short memory impairments and no impairments in urban children were registered. For working memory, 21,05%, 47,06% and 66,67% of impairments were found in urban, periurban and rural children respectively.Moreover, a significant correlations between the performances of short term memory and building materials (p < 0.05), source of pollution near the school (p < 0.05), and consumption of well water (p < 0.001) were registered.ConclusionsThe memory impairments recorded in these children appeared in connection with environmental factors, but a deeper investigation is needed for studying all these factors, in addition to others (psychological, socio-economical, and nutritional) ones.

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Monitoring ICU Mortality Risk with A Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network

Biocomputing 2020 ◽

10.1142/9789811215636_0010 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ke Yu ◽

Mingda Zhang ◽

Tianyi Cui ◽

Milos Hauskrecht

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Recurrent Neural Network ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Icu Mortality ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Long Short Term Memory

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Visual Short-Term Memory, Age, and Imaging Ability

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1978.46.2.571 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 571-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. K. Adamowicz

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Visual Masking ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Stimulus Complexity ◽

Verbal Intelligence ◽

Response Delay ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Visual Short Term Memory ◽

Age Related

Visual short-term memory of young and older adults was studied in relation to imaging ability. Both recall and recognition memory tasks were used and additional variables included stimulus complexity and response delay (recognition tasks) and stimulus complexity and visual masking (recall tasks). Young and older participants were matched on visual discrimination, verbal intelligence, and imaging ability. Stimuli consisted of abstract visual patterns. Age-related decrements in recognition and recall were observed but performance was related to imaging ability only with recall tasks and only for older adults. The results were discussed with reference to mediational strategies and locus of occurrence of age-related decrements in short-term memory.

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Effect of Social Support on Changes in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults: A National Population-based Longitudinal Study

International Journal of Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.ijge.2018.06.004 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Hsiao-Chiao Wang ◽

Chi-Rong Li ◽

Chyi Lo ◽

Chia-Yi Chiao ◽

Chiu-Yueh Hsiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Older Adults ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Population Based ◽

National Population ◽

Instrumental Activities

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Do elite breath-hold divers suffer from mild short-term memory impairments?

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2017-0245 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 247-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

François Billaut ◽

Patrice Gueit ◽

Sylvane Faure ◽

Guillaume Costalat ◽

Frédéric Lemaître

Keyword(s):

Short Term Memory ◽

Breath Hold ◽

Short Term ◽

Attentional Processing ◽

Term Memory ◽

Memory Impairments ◽

Neurocognitive Functions ◽

Neuropsychological Tasks ◽

The Impact

Repeated apneas are associated with severe hypoxemia that may ultimately lead to loss of consciousness in some breath-hold divers. Despite increasing number of practitioners, the relationship between apnea-induced hypoxia and neurocognitive functions is still poorly understood in the sport of free diving. To shed light onto this phenomenon, we examined the impact of long-term breath-hold diving training on attentional processing, short-term memory, and long-term mnesic and executive functions. Thirty-six men matched for age, height, and weight were separated into the following 3 groups: (i) 12 elite breath-hold divers (EBHD), mean static apnea best time 371 s, 105 months mean apnea experience; (ii) 12 novice breath-hold divers, mean best time 243 s, 8.75 months mean apnea experience; and (iii) 12 physical education students with no breath-hold diving experience; all of these participants performed varied written and computerized neuropsychological tasks. Compared with the 2 other groups, the EBHD group was slower to complete the interference card during a Stroop test (F[1,33] = 4.70, p < 0.05), and presented more errors on the interference card (F[1,33] = 2.96, p < 0.05) and a lower total interference score (F[1,33] = 5.64, p < 0.05). The time to complete the interference card test was positively correlated with maximal static apnea duration (r = 0.73, p < 0.05) and the number of years of breath-hold diving training (r = 0.79, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that breath-hold diving training over several years may cause mild, but persistent, short-term memory impairments.

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Retrospective Attention in Short-Term Memory Has a Lasting Effect on Long-Term Memory Across Age

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gby045 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (8) ◽

pp. 1317-1325 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jonathan Strunk ◽

Lauren Morgan ◽

Sarah Reaves ◽

Paul Verhaeghen ◽

Audrey Duarte

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Young Adults ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Effective Means ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Short And Long Term

Abstract Objectives Declines in both short- and long-term memory are typical of healthy aging. Recent findings suggest that retrodictive attentional cues (“retro-cues”) that indicate the location of to-be-probed items in short-term memory (STM) have a lasting impact on long-term memory (LTM) performance in young adults. Whether older adults can also use retro-cues to facilitate both STM and LTM is unknown. Method Young and older adults performed a visual STM task in which spatially informative retro-cues or noninformative neutral-cues were presented during STM maintenance of real-world objects. We tested participants’ memory at both STM and LTM delays for objects that were previously cued with retrodictive or neutral-cues during STM order to measure the lasting impact of retrospective attention on LTM. Results Older adults showed reduced STM and LTM capacity compared to young adults. However, they showed similar magnitude retro-cue memory benefits as young adults at both STM and LTM delays. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate whether retro-cues in STM facilitate the encoding of objects into LTM such that they are more likely to be subsequently retrieved by older adults. Our results support the idea that retrospective attention can be an effective means by which older adults can improve their STM and LTM performance, even in the context of reduced memory capacity.

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