Factors influencing volatile organic compounds in Canadian homes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2092622
Author(s):  
Sabit Cakmak ◽  
Lisa Marie Kauri ◽  
Julie Andrade ◽  
Robert Dales
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Indoor Sources ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Building Characteristics ◽  
Compound Exposure ◽  
Alkyl Benzenes

Volatile organic compounds, several of which may impact health, have many possible indoor sources. To further investigate this, we tested the association between indoor concentrations of 47 passively collected volatile organic compounds and both home characteristics and occupant behaviours in a Canadian population-based sample of 3454 participants. Homes with smokers were excluded from analysis. Homes with a door connecting to an attached garage had greater concentrations of hexanal, benzaldehyde, all the measured alkyl benzenes and ketones, most of the simple hydrocarbons and terpenes. Major home renovations within the past month were associated with higher concentrations of most or all of the volatile organic compounds in the categories of alcohols, alkyl benzenes, ketones, simple hydrocarbons and terpenes. Using paints and stains within the past week were associated with an increase in concentrations of the majority of alcohols, alkyl benzenes and simple hydrocarbons. Several building characteristics and occupant’s behaviours appear to increase exposure to volatile organic compounds. Modification of these factors is generally under the control of the occupant(s), suggesting that education could result in reduced indoor volatile organic compound exposure in the Canadian population.

Progress in Research of the Combined Adsorption-Photocatalysis for the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
pp. 540-543
Author(s):  
Bo Tao Lin ◽  
Dong Mei Shi ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Sen Kuan Meng
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photocatalytic Efficiency ◽  
Toxic Chemical ◽  
Air Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Photocatalytic Effect ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Visible Light Photocatalytic

TiO2photocatalytic technology was developed in the past two decades in air treatment because of good photocatalytic effect, non-toxic, chemical stability, low cost, reusable features, the effect use of solar energy. A new composite materials of visible light photocatalytic degradation of low concentration of volatile organic compounds were produced by use of combining the adsorbent with TiO2photocatalytic technology.The adsorbent can enrich concentrations of volatile organic compounds on the surface of the TiO2photocatalyst. In this paper,the mechanism of the combined adsorption-photocatalysis for the removal of volatile organic compounds and immobilization methods、principle、craft were reviewed.The characteristic of the immobilization methods was analysed.It laid the foundation for the optimizing of the immobilization methods and the improving of the photocatalytic efficiency.

scholarly journals Validation of an experimental setup to study atmospheric heterogeneous ozonolysis of semi-volatile organic compounds

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2215-2225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pflieger ◽  
M. Goriaux ◽  
B. Temime-Roussel ◽  
S. Gligorovski ◽  
A. Monod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Flow Tube ◽  
The Past ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Heterogeneous Processing ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. There is currently a need for reliable experimental procedures to follow the heterogeneous processing simulating the atmospheric conditions. This work offers an alternative experimental device to study the behaviour of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) that presumably exhibit extremely slow reactivity (e.g. pesticides) towards the atmospheric oxidants such as ozone and OH. Naphthalene was chosen as a test compound since it was widely studied in the past and hence represents a good reference. Prior to ozone exposure, the gaseous naphthalene was adsorbed via gas-solid equilibrium on silica and XAD-4 particles. Then, the heterogeneous reaction of ozone with adsorbed naphthalene was investigated in specially designed flow tube reactors. After the reaction, the remaining naphthalene (adsorbed on particles surface) was extracted, filtered and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). Thus, the kinetics results were obtained following the consumption of naphthalene. Using this procedure, the rate constants of heterogeneous ozonolysis of naphthalene (kO3 silica=2.26 (±0.09)×10−17 cm3 molec−1 s−1 and kO3 XAD-4=4.29 (±1.06)×10−19 cm3 molec−1 s−1) were determined for silica and XAD-4 particles, at 25°C and relative humidity <0.7%. The results show that the nature of the particles significantly affects the kinetics and that heterogeneous ozonolysis of naphthalene is faster than its homogeneous ozonolysis in the gas phase.

scholarly journals Long-term Trends of Volatile Organic Compounds over the Texas, USA in the Past Two Decades

2021 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Ruizhe Liu
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Secondary Air Pollutants ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic compounds in the air that have low vapor pressure. VOCs can be emitted from a variety of sources including biogenic, anthropogenic and pyrogenic processes. VOCs are precursors of aerosols and tropospheric 03. which harm human health. However, the potential of VOCs forming secondary air pollutants varies by species. Here, we analyze the long-term trends of soiu'ce. concentration and reactivity of six classes of VOCs from 1995 to 2018 over Texas. USA. VOCs emission from petroleum and related companies in Texas kept increasing these years. Among the VOCs tracers of oil and gas companies, the concentration of ethane kept increasing until 2015. Despite the increase of oil and gas related VOCs. the concentration of total VOCs and reactivity-weighted VOCs have decreased in the past two decades. We further investigate the seasonality of VOC reactivities, which depend on both temperature and VOC concentration. We find that VOC reactivity generally is highest in fall and lowest in spring, and such seasonality does not change over the two decades.

scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compounds and Nonspecific Conjunctivitis: A Population-Based Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Jen Chang ◽  
Hsi-Hsien Yang ◽  
Chin-An Chang ◽  
Hsien-Yang Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Metal-Organic Frameworks for Advanced Transducers based Gas Sensors: Review and Perspectives

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjit Manohar Majhi ◽  
Ashraf Ali ◽  
Prabhakar Rai ◽  
Yaser Greish ◽  
Ahmed Alzamly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Metal Organic

The development of gas sensing devices to detect environmentally toxic, hazardous, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has witnessed a surge of immense interest over the past few decades, motivated mainly...

scholarly journals Rate coefficients for reactions of OH with aromatic and aliphatic volatile organic compounds determined by the Multivariate Relative Rate Technique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob T. Shaw ◽  
Andrew R. Rickard ◽  
Mike J. Newland ◽  
Terry J. Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Ozone Production ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Simultaneous Study ◽  
Oxidation Chemistry ◽  
Alkyl Benzenes

Abstract. The multivariate relative rate method was applied to a range of volatile organic compounds (VOC) reactions with OH. This previously published method (Shaw et al., 2018b) was improved to increase the sensitivity towards slower reacting VOC, broadening the range of compounds which can be examined. A total of thirty-five room temperature relative rate coefficients were determined; eight of which have not previously been reported. Five of the new reaction rate coefficients were for large alkyl substituted monoaromatic species recently identified in urban air masses, likely with large ozone production potentials. The new results (with kOH (296 K) values in units of 10–12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1) were: n-butylbenzene, 11 (± 4); n-pentylbenzene, 7 (± 2); 1,2-diethylbenzene, 14 (± 4); 1,3-diethylbenzene, 22 (± 4) and 1,4-diethylbenzene, 16 (± 4). Interestingly, whilst results for smaller VOC agreed well with available structure activity relationship (SAR) calculations, the larger alkyl benzenes were found to be less reactive than the SAR prediction, indicating that our understanding of the oxidation chemistry of these compounds is still limited. kOH (296 K) rate coefficients (in units of 10–12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1) for reactions of three large alkanes with OH were also determined for the first time: 2-methylheptane, 9.1 (± 0.3); 2-methylnonane, 11.0 (± 0.3) and ethylcyclohexane, 14.4 (± 0.3), all in reasonable agreement with SAR predictions. Rate coefficients for the twenty-seven previously studied OH + VOC reactions agreed well with available literature values, lending confidence to the application of this method for the rapid and efficient simultaneous study of gas-phase reaction kinetics.

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