The One-Dimensional Network Society of Manuel Castells

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN A.G.M. VAN DIJK
2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 929-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Chul Kim ◽  
Ja-Min Gu ◽  
Seong Huh ◽  
Chul-Hyun Yo ◽  
Youngmee Kim

Two new one-dimensional CuIIcoordination polymers (CPs) containing theC2h-symmetric terphenyl-based dicarboxylate linker 1,1′:4′,1′′-terphenyl-3,3′-dicarboxylate (3,3′-TPDC), namelycatena-poly[[bis(dimethylamine-κN)copper(II)]-μ-1,1′:4′,1′′-terphenyl-3,3′-dicarboxylato-κ4O,O′:O′′:O′′′] monohydrate], {[Cu(C20H12O4)(C2H7N)2]·H2O}n, (I), andcatena-poly[[aquabis(dimethylamine-κN)copper(II)]-μ-1,1′:4′,1′′-terphenyl-3,3′-dicarboxylato-κ2O3:O3′] monohydrate], {[Cu(C20H12O4)(C2H7N)2(H2O)]·H2O}n, (II), were both obtained from two different methods of preparation: one reaction was performed in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as a potential pillar ligand and the other was carried out in the absence of the DABCO pillar. Both reactions afforded crystals of different colours,i.e.violet plates for (I) and blue needles for (II), both of which were analysed by X-ray crystallography. The 3,3′-TPDC bridging ligands coordinate the CuIIions in asymmetric chelating modes in (I) and in monodenate binding modes in (II), forming one-dimensional chains in each case. Both coordination polymers contain two coordinated dimethylamine ligands in mutuallytranspositions, and there is an additional aqua ligand in (II). The solvent water molecules are involved in hydrogen bonds between the one-dimensional coordination polymer chains, forming a two-dimensional network in (I) and a three-dimensional network in (II).


CISM journal ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Sideris

The geoid and its horizontal derivatives, the deflections of the vertical, play an important role in the adjustment of geodetic networks. In the one-dimensional (1D) case, represented typically by networks of orthometric heights, the geoid provides the reference surface for the measurements. In the two-dimensional (2D) adjustment of horizontal control networks, the geoidal undulations N and deflections of the vertical ξ, η are needed for the reduction of the measured quantities onto the reference ellipsoid. In the three-dimensional (3D) adjustment, N and ξ, η are basically required to relate geodetic and astronomic quantities. The paper presents the major gravimetric methods currently used for predicting ξ, η and N, and briefly intercompares them in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and data required. The effects of N, ξ, η on various quantities used in the ID, 2D, and 3D network adjustments are described explicitly for each case and formulas are given for the errors introduced by either neglecting or using erroneous N, ξ, η in the computational procedures.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Filiberto Ramírez Ramírez

In order to achieve the main objective, a design of a supercell or basic cell consisting of an array of elastic units will be made. This supercell will be obtained from a locally periodic structure of coupled blocks, whose central block will be deformed; later, the one-dimensional elastic artificial crystal will be built, which will be characterized experimentally and understood from a strong mooring model. The locally proposed system consists of a set of vibrating bars, identical, coupled together, imitating a set of " defectsin a one-dimensional periodic network and with a periodic coupling. It is expected that the acoustic wave amplitudes of this system show similar characteristics to the wave functions of an electron strongly linked in an eective potential generated by a one-dimensional network of atoms. In the locally periodic system that we propose the vibrating elastic units will be coupled together by means of locally periodic rods; since, in these we can control the resonance frequencies and the same frequency of normal resonance. Furthermore, in these rods, the lower energy vibration modes can be isolated from the rest of the excited states. When the resonance frequency of the elastic unit (defect) is in the gap of the coupler (locally periodic rod) the wave amplitude will be located. To generate the emergence of a new band in the second torsion spectrum gap, from an originally periodic system, using the transfer matrix method for torsional waves, six elastic structures formed by 1, 2, 3 and up to 6 were designed. coupled supercell The neighboring levels of the emerging band is separated to a maximum distance of 100 Hz to facilitate its detection. This band is in the frequency range of 26450 to 26650 kHz.


2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 1488-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Fei Liu ◽  
Chao-Wei Zhao ◽  
Jian-Ping Ma ◽  
Qi-Kui Liu ◽  
Yu-Bin Dong

Two novel symmetric fluorene-based ligands, namely, 2,7-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene [L1 or (I), C21H18N4] and 2,7-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-9,9-dipropyl-9H-fluorene (L2), have been used to construct the coordination polymerscatena-poly[[dichloridodicopper(I)(Cu—Cu)]-μ-2,7-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene], [Cu2Cl2(C21H18N4)]n, (II), andcatena-poly[[tetra-μ2-chlorido-tetracopper(I)]-bis[μ-2,7-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-9,9-dipropyl-9H-fluorene]], [Cu4Cl4(C25H26N4)2]n, (III). There are three types of C—H...N hydrogen bonds in (I), resulting a two-dimensional network in theabplane, including a chiral helical chain along thebaxis. Compounds (II) and (III) are related one-dimensional polymers. In both, CuIatoms connect the symmetric ligands (L1 orL2) into a one-dimensional chain. In (II), the {[CuICl2]−} unit, acting as a co-anion, adheres to the one-dimensional chain through a weak Cu...Cu interaction. However, in (III), the {[CuI2Cl4]2−} unit links two different chains into a one-dimensional rope-ladder-type chain. In addition, there are C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions in the extended structures of (II) and (III), the difference is that the chains in (II) are linked into a two-dimensional network while the chains in (III) are stacked into a three-dimensional framework.


2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1953-1964
Author(s):  
Sami Soukrata ◽  
Mohamed Belhouchet ◽  
Karim Adil ◽  
Tahar Mhiri

The present paper undertakes the study of a title organic-inorganic hybrid material 2-amino-3-benzyloxy pyridinium dihydrogenmonoarsenate, [C12H13N2O]H2AsO4, which has been synthesized by slow evaporation at room temperature using 2-amino-3-benzyloxypyridine as the structure-directing agent. The structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 296 K. This compound is crystallized in the noncentrosymmetric orthorhombic space group P212121 with the lattice parameters a = 4.89 (7), b = 10.41 (1), c = 26.79 (3) Å, V = 1364.3 (3) Å3, and Z = 4. The crystal structure has been determined and refined to R1 = 0.0363 and wR2 = 0.1246 using 5438 independent reflections. The atomic arrangement can be described by infinite anionic chains running parallel to the [100] direction. The organic entities are located between these chains. H-bonds connecting the different species play an important role in the one-dimensional network cohesion. This compound is also characterized by solid-state 13C MAS NMR, IR, Raman spectroscopy and TG-ATD thermal analysis. Moreover, protonic conduction of this compound determined by impedance has been studied in the temperature range 299 - 403 K.


2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Martin Reichelt ◽  
Hans Reuter

The title compound, [Sn(C3H7)2(H2O)(C2O4)]n, represents the first diorganotin(IV) oxalate hydrate to be structurally characterized. The tin(IV) atom of the one-dimensional coordination polymer is located on a twofold rotation axis and is coordinated by two chelating oxalate ligands with two slightly different Sn—O bond lengths of 2.290 (2) and 2.365 (2) Å, two symmetry-relatedn-propyl groups with a Sn—C bond lengths of 2.127 (3) Å, and a water molecule with a Sn—O bond length of 2.262 (2) Å. The coordination polyhedron around the SnIVatom is a slightly distorted pentagonal bipyramid with a nearly linear axis between thetrans-orientedn-propyl groups [C—Sn—C = 176.8 (1)°]. The bond angles between the oxygen atoms of the equatorial plane range from 70.48 (6)° to 76.12 (8)°. A one-dimensional coordination polymer results from the less asymmetric bilateral coordination of the centrosymmetric oxalate anion, internally reflected by two slightly different C—O bond lengths of 1.248 (3) and 1.254 (3) Å. The chains of the polymer propagate parallel to [001] and are held together by hydrogen bonds between water molecules and oxalate anions of neighboring chains, leading to a two-dimensional network parallel to (100).


2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. m1722-m1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhuo ◽  
Zhao-Rui Pan ◽  
Zuo-Wei Wang ◽  
Yi-Zhi Li ◽  
He-Gen Zheng

In the title compound, {[Co(C8H4O5)(C10H8N2)]·2H2O]} n or {[Co(OH-BDC)(2,2′-bipy)]·2H2O]} n (where OH-H2BDC is 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid and 2,2′-bipy is 2,2′-bipyridine), the Co atoms are chelated by two N atoms from the 2,2′-bipy ligand and by four O atoms from OH-BDC ligands in a highly distorted octahedral geometry. OH-BDC acts as a tetradentate ligand, with one carboxylate group chelating one Co atom and the other binding in a monodentate fashion to two other Co atoms to form a one-dimensional zigzag chain. In the crystal structure, one of the solvent water molecules lies on a crystallographic twofold axis. The one-dimensional molecular chains are assembled into a two-dimensional network via O—H...O hydrogen-bonding interactions, while π–π stacking interactions generate a three-dimensional open framework between the two-dimensional networks.


2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Passini

The relation between authoritarianism and social dominance orientation was analyzed, with authoritarianism measured using a three-dimensional scale. The implicit multidimensional structure (authoritarian submission, conventionalism, authoritarian aggression) of Altemeyer’s (1981, 1988) conceptualization of authoritarianism is inconsistent with its one-dimensional methodological operationalization. The dimensionality of authoritarianism was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 713 university students. As hypothesized, the three-factor model fit the data significantly better than the one-factor model. Regression analyses revealed that only authoritarian aggression was related to social dominance orientation. That is, only intolerance of deviance was related to high social dominance, whereas submissiveness was not.


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