Analyses of children’s mathematics proficiency from ECLS-K 1998 and 2010 cohorts: Why early mathematics?

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joohi Lee ◽  
Mohan D. Pant
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Mathematics Proficiency ◽  
Early Mathematics ◽  
Kindergarten Class

This article presents the correlation analyses of mathematics item response theory scores from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998 and 2010 data, and proposes the critical need for systematic efforts to improve the quality of pre- and in-service teachers of young children in teaching mathematics.

scholarly journals KUALITAS SOAL UJIAN SEKOLAH MATEMATIKA PROGRAM IPA DAN KONTRIBUSINYA TERHADAP HASIL UJIAN NASIONAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
C. Heri Sulistiawan
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Test Quality ◽  
Examination Score ◽  
National Examination ◽  
Classic Test Theory ◽  
Science Major

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas soal Ujian Sekolah Matematika program IPA dan kontribusi skor Ujian Sekolah terhadap nilai Ujian Nasional. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif eksploratif dengan pendekatan survei. Populasi penelitian ini adalah enam SMA Swasta Yayasan Katolik di Kota Yogyakarta. Sampel adalah lima SMA yang representatif dalam menggambarkan ciri populasi. Naskah soal ditelaah tiga orang ahli untuk analisis kualitas soal secara kualitatif. Jawaban siswa dianalisis secara Teori Tes Klasik dan Teori Respons Butir untuk mengetahui kualitas soal secara kuantitatif. Skor Ujian Sekolah dikorelasikan terhadap nilai Ujian Nasional untuk mengukur kontribusinya. Hasil penelitian: (1) kualitas soal secara kualitatif adalah sangat baik (satu SMA), baik (dua SMA), cukup baik (satu SMA), dan kurang baik (satu SMA); (2) secara kuantitatif menurut Teori Tes Klasik adalah cukup baik (satu SMA), kurang baik (tiga SMA), dan tidak baik (satu SMA), dengan reliabilitas Alpha termasuk reliabel; (3) secara kuantitatif menurut Teori Respons Butir adalah baik (tiga SMA), cukup baik (satu SMA), dan kurang baik (satu SMA); (4) Indeks konsistensi analisis butir soal termasuk cukup konsisten; (5) korelasi skor Ujian Sekolah terhadap nilai Ujian Nasional termasuk kategori besar; (6) berdasarkan telaah validitas isi perangkat, lebih dari 90% soal valid dan skor Ujian Sekolah valid/akurat dalam memprediksi hasil Ujian Nasional.Kata kunci: kualitas soal, ujian sekolah, matematika, ujian nasional THE QUALITY OF MATHEMATICS SCHOOL EXAMINATION OF SCIENCE MAJOR AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE RESULT OF NATIONAL EXAMINATIONAbstractThe purpose of this research is to describe the quality of Mathematics School Examination of Science Major and the contribution of School Examination scores to the result of National Examination. This research is a descriptive explorative research with survey approach. The population in this research are six Senior High Schools in Yogyakarta. The samples are five representative senior high schools to describe the characteristics of the population. The test was analyzed by three experts to find out the test quality qualitatively. The students’ answer was analyzed with Classic Test Theory and Item Response Theory to find out the test quality quantitatively. The School Examination score was correlated with the National Examination score to measure their contribution. The research result: (1) the school exam quality is very good (one school), good (two schools), quite good (one school), and not so good (one school); (2) Quantitatively based on Classic Test Theory are quite good (one school), not so good (three schools), dan poor (one school), by Alpha reliability is reliable; (3) Quantitatively based on Item Response Theory are good (three schools), quite good (one school), and not so good (one school); (4) The test item index consistency are quite consistent; (5) The correlation of the School Examination scores with the result of National Examination is in large categories; (6) Based on content validity study, more than 90% items are valid and scores of School Examination is valid/accurate in predicting the result of the National Examination.Keywords: the test quality, school examination, mathematics, national examination

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Teacher–Child Interactions With Multilingual Young Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annegien Langeloo ◽  
Mayra Mascareño Lara ◽  
Marjolein I. Deunk ◽  
Nikolai F. Klitzing ◽  
Jan-Willem Strijbos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Home Language ◽  
Childhood Education

Teacher–child interactions are the most important factor that determines the quality of early-childhood education. A systematic review was conducted to gain a better understanding of the nature of teacher–child interactions that multilingual children are exposed to, and of how they differ from teacher–child interactions of monolingual children. Thirty-one studies were included. The included studies (a) mainly focused on multilingual children with low language proficiency in the majority language and (b) hardly compared between monolingual and multilingual children. The review shows that teacher–child interactions of multilingual children are comparable to the interactions of monolingual children, although teachers do adopt different strategies to facilitate the development of multilingual children, such as the use of the home language and nonverbal communication to support understanding. Worryingly, several studies indicate that multilingual children are exposed to unequal learning opportunities compared with their monolingual peers.

Evaluation of the Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12 (MSWS-12) in a Dutch sample: Application of item response theory

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 1867-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidwine Brigitta Mokkink ◽  
Francisca Galindo-Garre ◽  
Bernard MJ Uitdehaag
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Trait Level ◽  
Sample Application ◽  
Dutch Sample

Background: The Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12 (MSWS-12) measures walking ability from the patients’ perspective. We examined the quality of the MSWS-12 using an item response theory model, the graded response model (GRM). Methods: A total of 625 unique Dutch multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were included. After testing for unidimensionality, monotonicity, and absence of local dependence, a GRM was fit and item characteristics were assessed. Differential item functioning (DIF) for the variables gender, age, duration of MS, type of MS and severity of MS, reliability, total test information, and standard error of the trait level (θ) were investigated. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis showed a unidimensional structure of the 12 items of the scale, explaining 88% of the variance. Item 2 did not fit into the GRM model. Reliability was 0.93. Items 8 and 9 (of the 11 and 12 item version respectively) showed DIF on the variable severity, based on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). However, the EDSS is strongly related to the content of both items. Conclusion: Our results confirm the good quality of the MSWS-12. The trait level (θ) scores and item parameters of both the 12- and 11-item versions were highly comparable, although we do not suggest to change the content of the MSWS-12.

scholarly journals Entropy-Based Measures for Person Fit in Item Response Theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 512-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Dardick ◽  
Brandi A. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Person Fit ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Irt Models

This article introduces three new variants of entropy to detect person misfit ( Ei, EMi, and EMRi), and provides preliminary evidence that these measures are worthy of further investigation. Previously, entropy has been used as a measure of approximate data–model fit to quantify how well individuals are classified into latent classes, and to quantify the quality of classification and separation between groups in logistic regression models. In the current study, entropy is explored through conceptual examples and Monte Carlo simulation comparing entropy with established measures of person fit in item response theory (IRT) such as lz, lz*, U, and W. Simulation results indicated that EMi and EMRi were successfully able to detect aberrant response patterns when comparing contaminated and uncontaminated subgroups of persons. In addition, EMi and EMRi performed similarly in showing separation between the contaminated and uncontaminated subgroups. However, EMRi may be advantageous over other measures when subtests include a small number of items. EMi and EMRi are recommended for use as approximate person-fit measures for IRT models. These measures of approximate person fit may be useful in making relative judgments about potential persons whose response patterns do not fit the theoretical model.

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