Towards a reorientation in land reform: From a market to locality-driven approach in South Africa’s land restitution programme

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 173-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ikubolajeh Logan ◽  
George Tengbeh ◽  
Brilliant Petja
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
The South ◽  
Rural Change ◽  
Market State ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Land Question ◽  
Land Restitution

Despite general agreement that land reform can be a catalyst for positive rural change in sub-Saharan Africa, the means towards this end are frequently coloured in ideological hues, which manifest themselves in confounding binaries like racial justice/environmental justice, market/state and equity/efficiency. The fractures surrounding sub-Saharan land reform are most obvious in the south, where the land question traces its roots to racially motivated colonial policies. The South African government, like others in the region, is attempting to combat landlessness through market-led land reform. This article assesses the implementation of the country’s Land Restitution Programme in the Polokwane district. Its main argument is that the modernist mega-narratives, which inform the programme, create a disconnect between the state and the landless. To address this problem, the article proposes a reorientation in which local narratives will replace theoretical mega-narratives at the centre of land reform programmes.

The Engagement of Beneficiaries in Farm Governance of Restituted Land through the Communal Property Association Model: The Ideal Versus the Reality of Beneficiary Farms in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokoko Piet Sebola ◽  
Malemela Angelinah Mamabolo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
The South ◽  
African Government ◽  
Communal Property ◽  
Farm Ownership ◽  
Land Restitution ◽  
Communal Property Associations

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the engagement of farm beneficiaries in South Africa in the governance of restituted farms through communal property associations. The South African government has already spent millions of rands on land restitution to correct the imbalance of the past with regard to farm ownership by the African communities. Various methods of farm management to benefit the African society have been proposed, however, with little recorded success. This article argues that the South African post-apartheid government was so overwhelmed by political victory in 1994 that they introduced ambitious land reform policies that were based on ideal thinking rather than on a pragmatic approach to the South African situation. We used qualitative research methods to argue that the engagement of farm beneficiaries in farm management and governance through communal property associations is failing dismally. We conclude that a revisit of the communal property associations model is required in order to strengthen the position of beneficiaries and promote access to land by African communities for future benefit.

scholarly journals Helminths in South Africa: management of cestode and trematode infections in humans

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
RL van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The South ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Sub-Saharan Africa has to contend with many challenges, including inadequate healthcare systems, lack of optimal sanitation, and clean water and food. All of these contribute to malnutrition and an increased risk of infections, including parasitism by cestodes and trematodes. Schistosomiasis is a category-2 notifiable trematode (fluke) infection, whereas cestode (tapeworm) infections need not be reported to the South African Department of Health. Epidemiological data for helminthiasis in South Africa is scant, with a paucity of publications on the South African scenario. As such, a complete picture of the impact of helminth infections on all age groups in South Africa does not exist. These parasitic diseases not only have an impact on socio economic development of a country, community and families, but also contribute to the chronic and detrimental effects on the health and nutritional status of the host, including the impaired development of children. In order to break the cycle of poverty and disease, a strong education drive is required in schools and communities to provide effective strategies and guidelines on preventative measures that result in avoidance of exposure to infective stages of Schistosoma and Taenia tapeworms. Also, it is imperative that healthcare professionals are able to recognise the signs and symptoms, so that interventions can be promptly initiated. The current anthelmintic treatments available in South Africa are effective against cestodes and trematodes, with no drug resistance having being reported. The need for compliancy when taking anthelmintic drugs must be emphasised.

South African land reform

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Carey Miller ◽  
Anne Pope
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
The South ◽  
Reform Initiatives ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Tenure Reform ◽  
Land Redistribution ◽  
Land Restitution

This article looks at the essential features and the effects of the South African land reform initiatives launched in the mid-1990s. After examining the context in which these initiatives have taken place, it deals separately with the three subprogrammes of land reform, namely, land restitution, land redistribution and land tenure reform. It discusses two particular features of the programme: its provision of title to millions of South Africans and its adjustment of the correlative position between the landowner and the holder of a lesser possessory or occupational right.

Funding Rural Development in Post-Apartheid South Africa's Land Reform Programme

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-139
Author(s):  
Mukovhe Maureen Nthai
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
South African ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan

The development of Africa is not only a problem to the Africans alone but also to the world at large. This is because some regions of the world also depend on Africa for their livelihoods. In Sub Saharan Africa one of the rural development strategies identified is land reform. Post-colonial African governments have argued that land reform would alleviate the majority of the people in the region from poverty, create employment, and address inequality. This is the position adopted by the post-apartheid government in South Africa beyond 27 April 1994. However, the South African post-apartheid land reform has had some significant complexities in its implementation – especially with regard to funding. Funding was impeded by widespread corruption in government. In addition, there has been immense lack of interest in making funds available for land reform in South Africa from non-governmental entities and donors.

scholarly journals Does the South African Physiotherapy Journal fulfill the needs of its constituency? A retrospective article review

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Frantz ◽  
I. Diener ◽  
J. Jelsma
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Original Research ◽  
The South ◽  
South African Society ◽  
Professional Journals ◽  
Sub Saharan

Professional  journals  are  used  to  disseminate  the  knowledge of scholars in the profession and to provide clinicians with guidance for best practice.  This  article  aimed  to  retrospectively  review  the  role  of the  South African  Journal  of  Physiotherapy  and  its  contribution  to  the profession.  An archival  research  design  was  used  to  collect  information from  the  archives of  the  South  African  Society  of  Physiotherapy website.  The  information  was retrieved  using  a  data  capture  sheet and descriptive  statistics  were  used throughout  to  establish  frequencies  for the  relevant  information.  During  the identified period, 170 articles were published. The greatest number of papers originated in South Africa (81%), 8% from the rest of Africa and 11% written by international authors. Authors with a Masters degree contributed almost 50% of the papers and those with doctorates were responsible for at least 25% of the papers. Most of the papers presented original research (81%) with secondary research such as reviews and scholarly papers accounting for 19% of the total. The most common speciality area addressed through research  was  linked  to musculoskeletal  conditions.  The  journal  appears  to  have  provided  an important  platform  for  South African academics and emerging researchers to publish their findings. It is suggested that the journal should give preference to papers that deal with issues that are unique to South Africa and sub-Saharan Africa, as these are the least likely to be published elsewhere. In addition, the journal should emphasise papers that will advance the profession.

scholarly journals The South African Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme: A Review and Lessons Learned

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Eberhard ◽  
Raine Naude
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
South African ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
The South ◽  
Private Sector Investment ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
High Level ◽  
Procurement Programme

The South African Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REIPPPP) is a competitive tender process that was launched to facilitate private sector investment into grid-connected renewable energy (RE) generation. It has been an undisputed success in terms of capacity, investment and price outcomes. Since 2011 a total of 6,328 Megawatts of wind, solar PV and other RE generation capacity has been procured, amounting to USD 20.5 billion in investment. Bid tariffs have fallen sharply over the course of the programme and the most recently awarded projects are amongst the lowest priced grid-connected RE projects in the world. Considering South Africa's success in achieving more investment via Independent Power Producers (IPPs) in 4 years than in the rest of Sub-Saharan Africa over the past 25, the REIPPPP's design and management is likely to be of interest to policymakers in African (and other developing) countries. This paper thus provides a comprehensive review of the programme’s tender documentation, implementation, and outcomes to date. Together with supporting research, this analysis has been used to develop a set of high-level lessons intended to facilitate the roll out of similar RE IPP competitive tender programmes in other emerging markets.  

scholarly journals Barriers and facilitators to implementing coronary care networks in South Africa: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-350
Author(s):  
Willem Stassen ◽  
Lisa Kurland ◽  
Lee Wallis ◽  
Maaret Castren ◽  
Craig Vincent-Lambert
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
South African ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The South ◽  
African Context ◽  
Coronary Care ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Care System

Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa. South Africa consistently fails to deliver timely reperfusion to these patients, possibly due to under-developed coronary care networks (CCN). Objectives: To determine the current perceived state of CCNs, to determine the barriers to optimising CCNs and to suggest facilitators to optimising CCNs within the South African context. Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, by performing two structured in-depth and two focus group inter- views (n=4 and 5, respectively), inviting a purposely heterogeneous sample of 11 paramedics (n=4), doctors (n=5), and nurses (n=2) working within different settings in South African CCNs. Recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to content analysis. Results: Participants described an under-resourced, unprioritised and fragmented CCN with significant variation in perfor- mance. Barriers to CCN optimisation resided in recognition and diagnosis of STEMI, transport and treatment decisions, and delays. Participants suggested that thrombolysing all STEMI patients could facilitate earlier reperfusion and that pre-hospital thrombolysis should be considered. Participants highlighted the need for regionalised STEMI guidelines, and the need for fur- ther research. Conclusion: Numerous barriers were highlighted. Healthcare policy-makers should prioritise the development of CCNs that is underpinned by evidence and that is contextualised to each specific region within the South African health care system. Keywords: Health care system; emergency care; cardiovascular disease. 

scholarly journals Conservation research output in sub-Saharan Africa is increasing, but only in a few countries

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
P. Christy Pototsky ◽  
Will Cresswell
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Search Term ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
North American Country ◽  
Conservation Research ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract We tested if peer-reviewed conservation research output has increased in sub-Saharan African countries over the last 30 years in response to increased development. We carried out a bibliometric analysis to identify the number of conservation research papers published by national authors of 41 sub-Saharan African countries during 1987–2017, to provide an index of national conservation research output. We identified country-specific development factors influencing these totals, using general linear modelling. There were positive relationships between conservation research output and population size, GDP, literacy rate, international tourism receipts and population growth rate, and negative relationships with urban population and agricultural land cover, in total explaining 77% of variation. Thirty-eight per cent of countries contributed < 30 conservation research papers (of 12,701) in 30 years. Analysis of trends in primary authorship in a random subsample of 2,374 of these papers showed that primary authorship by sub-Saharan African authors has increased significantly over time but is now at a lower rate than primary authorship for authors from countries outside the country associated with the search term, usually a European or North American country. Overall, 46% of papers had national primary authors, but 67% of these were South African. The results show that conservation research output in sub-Saharan Africa overall is increasing but only significantly in a few countries, and is still dominated by non-national scientists, probably as a result of a lack of socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Modeling the interplay between demography, social contact patterns, and SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the South West Shewa Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Trentini ◽  
Giorgio Guzzetta ◽  
Margherita Galli ◽  
Agnese Zardini ◽  
Fabio Manenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Mixing Patterns ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background COVID-19 spread may have a dramatic impact in countries with vulnerable economies and limited availability of, and access to, healthcare resources and infrastructures. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, a low prevalence and mortality have been observed so far. Methods We collected data on individuals’ social contacts in the South West Shewa Zone (SWSZ) of Ethiopia across geographical contexts characterized by heterogeneous population density, work and travel opportunities, and access to primary care. We assessed how socio-demographic factors and observed mixing patterns can influence the COVID-19 disease burden, by simulating SARS-CoV-2 transmission in remote settlements, rural villages, and urban neighborhoods, under school closure mandate. Results From national surveillance data, we estimated a net reproduction number of 1.62 (95% CI 1.55–1.70). We found that, at the end of an epidemic mitigated by school closure alone, 10–15% of the population residing in the SWSZ would have been symptomatic and 0.3–0.4% of the population would require mechanical ventilation and/or possibly result in a fatal outcome. Higher infection attack rates are expected in more urbanized areas, but the highest incidence of critical disease is expected in remote subsistence farming settlements. School closure contributed to reduce the reproduction number by 49% and the attack rate of infections by 28–34%. Conclusions Our results suggest that the relatively low burden of COVID-19 in Ethiopia observed so far may depend on social mixing patterns, underlying demography, and the enacted school closures. Our findings highlight that socio-demographic factors can also determine marked heterogeneities across different geographical contexts within the same region, and they contribute to understand why sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing a relatively lower attack rate of severe cases compared to high-income countries.

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