Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism and lung cancer risk: A meta-analysis

Introduction: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are widely prescribed medications. A recent British study reported a 14% increased risk of lung cancer with ACEI versus angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) prescriptions, and risk increased with longer use. We sought to validate this observation. Methods: We searched the Intermountain Enterprise Data Warehouse from 1996 to 2018 for patients newly treated with an ACEI or an ARB and with ≥1 year’s follow-up or to incident lung cancer or death. Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for lung cancer and for lung cancer or all-cause mortality were calculated for ACEIs compared to ARBs. Results: A total of 187,060 patients met entry criteria (age 60.2 ± 15.1 y; 51% women). During a mean of 7.1 years follow-up (max: 20.0 years), 3,039 lung cancers and 43,505 deaths occurred. Absolute lung cancer rates were 2.16 and 2.31 per 1000 patient-years in the ARB and ACEI groups, respectively. The HR of lung cancer was modestly increased with ACEIs (unadjusted HR = 1.11, CI: 1.02, 1.22, P = .014; adjusted HR = 1.18, CI: 1.06, 1.31, P = .002; number needed to harm [NNH] 6,667). Rates of the composite of lung cancer or death over time also favored ARBs. Lung cancer event curves separated gradually over longitudinal follow-up beginning at 10-12 years. Conclusions: We noted a small long-term increase in lung cancer risk with ACEIs compared with ARBs. Separation of survival curves was delayed until 10-12 years after treatment initiation. Although the observed increases in lung cancer risk are small, implications are potentially important because of the broad use of ACEIs. Thus, additional work to validate these findings is needed.

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Angiotensin‐converting enzyme gene polymorphism and digestive system cancer risk: A meta‐analysis based on 9656 subjects

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry ◽

10.1002/jcb.28955 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 120 (12) ◽

pp. 19388-19395

Author(s):

Hossein Abdeahad ◽

Amir Avan ◽

Majid Khazaei ◽

Saman Soleimanpour ◽

Gordon A. Ferns ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Risk ◽

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Digestive System ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

Enzyme Gene ◽

Digestive System Cancer

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Relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor -2578C > a gene polymorphism and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis

BMC Medical Genetics ◽

10.1186/s12881-019-0938-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hui-liu Zhao ◽

Jia-hua Yu ◽

Ling-sha Huang ◽

Pei-zhang Li ◽

Ming Lao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Lung Cancer Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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Associations between female lung cancer risk and sex steroid hormones: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the worldwide epidemiological evidence on endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-08437-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hui Zeng ◽

Zhuoyu Yang ◽

Jiang Li ◽

Yan Wen ◽

Zheng Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Steroid Hormones ◽

Lung Cancer Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Sex Steroid Hormones ◽

Sex Steroid ◽

Sex Steroid Hormone ◽

Hormone Exposure ◽

Female Lung Cancer

Abstract Background Published findings suggest sex differences in lung cancer risk and a potential role for sex steroid hormones. Our aim was to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of sex steroid hormone exposure specifically on the risk of lung cancer in women. Methods The PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for female lung cancer risk associated with sex steroid hormones were calculated overall and by study design, publication year, population, and smoking status. Sensitivity analysis, publication bias, and subgroup analysis were performed. Results Forty-eight studies published between 1987 and 2019 were included in the study with a total of 31,592 female lung cancer cases and 1,416,320 subjects without lung cancer. Overall, higher levels of sex steroid hormones, both endogenous (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87–0.98) and exogenous (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.80–0.93), significantly decreased the risk of female lung cancer by 10% (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86–0.95). The risk of lung cancer decreased more significantly with a higher level of sex steroid hormones in non-smoking women (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78–0.99) than in smoking women (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.77–1.03), especially in Asia women (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74–0.96). Conclusions Our meta-analysis reveals an association between higher levels of sex steroid hormone exposure and the decreased risk of female lung cancer. Surveillance of sex steroid hormones might be used for identifying populations at high risk for lung cancer, especially among non-smoking women.

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