Advancing interdisciplinary research on illegal wildlife trade using a conservation criminology framework

2019 ◽  
pp. 147737081988751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Boratto ◽  
Carole Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Meta Analyses

Green criminologists have recently entered a period of self-assessment, critiquing the discursive nature of theory, over-reliance on case studies, and lack of interdisciplinarity in this area of study, and offering a variety of ideas on how to move forward. We propose using conservation criminology, a multi/interdisciplinary and problem-specific research framework, to expand upon exploratory work through empirical research with clearly defined parameters. We use the illegal wildlife trade (IWT) as an example of the potential benefits of this approach, as this body of literature reflects the critiques raised by green criminologists. We further encourage the replication of important studies and the use of common terminology to describe study parameters to build towards greater generalizability that can be tested through meta-analyses and systematic reviews. This approach will help to build a body of interdisciplinary literature that can inform the development of empirically driven policy to address IWT and other environmental crimes and risks.

Mind the Gap! Decoupling Between Policy and Practice in the Policing of Illegal Wildlife Trade

2020 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2096795
Author(s):  
Siv Rebekka Runhovde
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
Conflicting Demands

Despite numerous promises and pledges at national and international levels to confront what many acknowledge as a crisis, illegal trade in wild plants and animals continues to grow and diversify. Empirical research conducted in Norway and Uganda from 2013 to 2015 indicates that despite the different circumstances in which law enforcement operates in the two countries, policing agents face a number of comparable challenges. Drawing on institutional theory the paper argues that decoupling, that is, gaps between official policies and daily work activities within the policing organizations, compromises enforcement in both countries. Challenges stem from conflicting demands, poor resources and want of guidelines that oblige officers to prioritize the control of illegal wildlife trade in practice.

scholarly journals Moving Research on International new Ventures Forward: A Systematic Reviews on Case Studies

Internext ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Pablo Leão ◽  
Renato Souza Santos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
International New Ventures ◽  
Leading Journals

Objective: We delve into the rapid internationalization literature to provide a literature review on the most recent empirical research on international new ventures (INVs). We focus on reporting how the literature on INVs has evolved through the lenses of case studies, and we highlight issues on the use of INVs concepts.Method: We conducted a systematic review of 99 case studies articles related to international new ventures published in leading journals in all areas of knowledge within management. We performed a two-cycle coding and a thematic analysis.Main Results: We have found researchers are applying INV and BG concepts interchangeably, thus incorrectly. Scholars have not considered nor discussed the theoretical implications of dropping and adding criteria when selecting cases. We also found the research in INV has thematically evolved as scholars have increasingly studied the post-internationalization moment of these companies.Relevance/originality: We contribute to the INV's literature by demonstrating the theory is now evolving to understand the post-internationalization moment of these companies. We also discuss the implication of selecting cases disregarding the criteria that qualify them as INVs.Theoretical/methodological contributions: Our research contributes with a discussion on the implications of loosely applying the INVs concepts and offers insights on how the literature has evolved.

Hotspots in Psychology – 2020 Edition

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Michael Bošnjak ◽  
Nadine Wedderhoff
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
The Common ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract. This editorial gives a brief introduction to the six articles included in the fourth “Hotspots in Psychology” of the Zeitschrift für Psychologie. The format is devoted to systematic reviews and meta-analyses in research-active fields that have generated a considerable number of primary studies. The common denominator is the research synthesis nature of the included articles, and not a specific psychological topic or theme that all articles have to address. Moreover, methodological advances in research synthesis methods relevant for any subfield of psychology are being addressed. Comprehensive supplemental material to the articles can be found in PsychArchives ( https://www.psycharchives.org ).

Which Data to Meta-Analyze, and How?

2019 ◽  
Vol 227 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Michael Kossmeier ◽  
Ulrich S. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Graphical Displays ◽  
Primary Data Analysis ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Data Analytic

Abstract. Which data to analyze, and how, are fundamental questions of all empirical research. As there are always numerous flexibilities in data-analytic decisions (a “garden of forking paths”), this poses perennial problems to all empirical research. Specification-curve analysis and multiverse analysis have recently been proposed as solutions to these issues. Building on the structural analogies between primary data analysis and meta-analysis, we transform and adapt these approaches to the meta-analytic level, in tandem with combinatorial meta-analysis. We explain the rationale of this idea, suggest descriptive and inferential statistical procedures, as well as graphical displays, provide code for meta-analytic practitioners to generate and use these, and present a fully worked real example from digit ratio (2D:4D) research, totaling 1,592 meta-analytic specifications. Specification-curve and multiverse meta-analysis holds promise to resolve conflicting meta-analyses, contested evidence, controversial empirical literatures, and polarized research, and to mitigate the associated detrimental effects of these phenomena on research progress.

Parâmetros e efeitos do laser não ablativo no tratamento de melasma facial

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Felipe Soares Macedo ◽  
Marthina Santos Rosa ◽  
Suélia De Siqueira Rodrigues Fleury Rosa ◽  
Hellen Batista De Carvalho ◽  
Luisiane De Ávila Santana
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Evidence Database ◽  
Meta Analyses

O uso do laser não ablativo no tratamento do melasma tem sido abordado em diversos estudos, porém, não há consenso na literatura quanto aos parâmetros e feitos de intervenções baseadas neste recurso. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e descrever parâmetros e efeitos do laser não ablativo no tratamento de hiperpigmentação de pele (melasma). Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura baseada no Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A busca eletrônica compreendeu as seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Science Direct e SciELO. Foram identificados inicialmente 641 documentos nas bases de dados eletrônicas, enquanto na busca manual 26 artigos foram encontrados, após leitura e análise 7 artigos foram selecionados. Foram analisados 7 artigos correspondentes as bases de dados PubMed e Science Direct, todos na língua inglesa e publicados a partir do ano de 2010. Apenas um estudo utilizou uma amostra maior que 30 indivíduos, os demais utilizaram em média 16 participantes, com predomínio do sexo feminino e classificação segundo Fitzpatrick entre III-V. O comprimento de onda variou entre 1064 nm a 1550 nm e a energia máxima não ultrapassou 4 J/cm². De acordo com as variáveis avaliadas, os protocolos testados demonstraram que o laser não ablativo foi ineficaz no tratamento de melasma facial, sobretudo após a interrupção da terapia.Palavras-chave: hiperpigmentação, laser não ablativo, fisioterapia dermato-funcional, revisão sistemática.

Les troubles périnéosphinctériens chez les patients souffrant de troubles du comportement alimentaire

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
C. Pourtal ◽  
L. Volondat ◽  
S. Lambert ◽  
J. Robert ◽  
M. Rousselet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Revue De La Littérature ◽  
Prolapsus Rectal ◽  
Comportement Alimentaire ◽  
Prise De Poids ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Troubles Du Comportement ◽  
Troubles Du Comportement Alimentaire

Contexte : Les troubles périnéosphinctériens (TPS) survenant chez les patients souffrant de trouble du comportement alimentaire (TCA) sont des complications sous-abord ées dans la littérature. Le but de cette revue de la littérature était de faire le point sur l’état des connaissances actuelles pour aider le clinicien prenant en charge les TPS à les mettre en lien avec les TCA, et le clinicien prenant en charge les TCA à les prévenir et à les repérer le plus précocement possible, dans une perspective de réduction des risques et des dommages. Méthode : Deux revues de littérature ont été conduites, l’une portant sur les TPS d’origine digestive, l’autre sur les TPS d’origine urinaire. La sélection des articles s’est faite en nous référant aux recommandations PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) et à partir des bases de données PubMed et ScienceDirect. Résultats : Douze articles ont été retenus. Les TPS identifies sont la constipation, l’incontinence fécale, l’incontinence urinaire et le prolapsus rectal. Ils sont secondaires aux effets de la malnutrition sur la composante musculaire ainsi qu’à la pression abdominale exercée par des comportements visant à réguler la prise de poids, tels que les exercices physiques réalisés en hyperpression, les efforts de poussée lors de l’émission des selles et les vomissements provoqués. Conclusion : Une anamnèse précise et méticuleuse chez les personnes présentant un indice de masse corporel bas semble primordiale. L’usage de laxatifs est à proscrire avant un programme de renutrition d’au moins trois semaines.

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