scholarly journals A Systematic Narrative Review of Effects of Community-Based Intervention on Rates of Organ Donor Registration

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Elizabeth Golding ◽  
Mark Cropley
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
General Public ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Intervention Delivery ◽  
Protocol Registration ◽  
Registration Number

Background: The demand for organ donation is increasing worldwide. One possible way of increasing the pool of potential posthumous donors is to encourage more members of the general public to join an organ donor registry. Objective: A systematic review was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of psychological interventions designed to increase the number of individuals in the community who register as organ donors. Methods: PsycINFO and PubMed databases were searched. No date limits were set. Randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials exploring the effects of community-based interventions on organ donor registration rates were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the “Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies.” Results: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria; 19 studies found a positive intervention effect on registration. Only 8 studies were assessed as having reasonable methodological robustness. A narrative synthesis was conducted. Factors influencing registration rates include providing an immediate registration opportunity and using brief interventions to challenge misconceptions and concerns about organ donation. Discussion: Community-based interventions can be effective at increasing organ donor registrations among the general public. Factors that may increase effectiveness include brief interventions to address concerns and providing an immediate registration opportunity. Particular consideration should be paid to the fidelity of intervention delivery. Protocol registration number: CRD42014012975.

Community-Based Interventions and Individualsʼ Willingness to be a Deceased Organ Donor

2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 2634-2643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Li ◽  
Germaine Wong ◽  
Michelle Irving ◽  
Stephen Jan ◽  
Allison Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donor ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based

scholarly journals Community based programs to improve the oral health of Australian Indigenous adolescents: A systematic review and recommendations to guide future strategies.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Gwynn ◽  
John Skinner ◽  
Yvonne Dimitropoulos ◽  
Angela Masoe ◽  
Boe Rambaldini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Indigenous Adolescents

Abstract Background: To review the international literature on community-based interventions aiming to improve the oral health of Indigenous adolescents and identify which demonstrate a positive impact.Methods: Data sources were MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, the COCHRANE library and the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet. Articles were included where they: were published in English from 1990 onwards; described oral health outcomes for Indigenous adolescents aged 10 to 19 years; implemented a community based oral health intervention. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Health Practice Project was applied.Results: Nine studies met inclusion criteria; two rated strong in quality; only one study was conducted with an urban community; five reported moderate community engagement. Five intervention strategies were identified, and schools were the most common setting reported. Statistically significant improvements were described in eight studies with the most frequently reported outcome being change in decayed missing or filled teeth.Conclusions: Few good quality peer reviewed international studies of community-based oral health interventions which address the needs of Indigenous adolescents exist. Studies must include strong Indigenous community leadership and governance at all stages of the research, adopt participatory action-based research approaches, and are required in urban communities.

Socio-Cultural Factors Contributing to Being an Organ Donor in Iranian Employees

2020 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2097283
Author(s):  
Sahar Khoshravesh ◽  
Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
Saeed Bashirian ◽  
Majid Barati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Anticipated Regret ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Donor Card ◽  
Culturally Informed

Aims The purpose of this study was to use a culturally modified Organ Donation Model (ODM) to explore the significant factors and ways in which these factors could influence signing the donor card. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 600 employees from 57 offices in Hamadan, Iran, in 2018. Participants were selected randomly and surveyed on being a donor and their perceptions regarding signing the donor card. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to determine the inter-relationship between the studied variables. Results Participants’ mean age was 39.5 (SD = 7.0). 20% of participants had a signed donor card. Descriptive norms (β = 0.53, p < 0.001), non-cognitive beliefs (β=−0.33, p < 0.001), anticipated regret (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) and subjective norms (β=−0.17, p < 0.01) had significant direct effects on signing the donor card. Conclusion This study provides socio-culturally informed evidence on individuals' signing donor card. These factors could provide a guide to policymakers to develop the community-based interventions.

Effects of Information, Education, and Communication Training about Organ Donation for Gatekeepers: Clerks at the Department of Motor Vehicles and Organ Donor Registries

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler R. Harrison ◽  
Susan E. Morgan ◽  
Mark J. Di Corcia
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
General Public ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
And Behaviors

Context Clerks at the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) serve as gatekeepers in the quest to fill organ donor registries. Most people who join organ donor registries do so through their local driver's license bureau. Objective To improve knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward organ donation among DMV clerks, and to improve strategies for communicating with the public about organ donation, resulting in more people joining DMV-based organ donor registries. Setting DMV offices in 8 counties in a southern state. Participants A general survey of 1504 participants in 8 counties was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors toward organ donation. All 76 DMV clerks in those counties participated in surveys before and after a training intervention. Interventions DMV clerks received a 1-hour training intervention focused on the nature of the new organ donor registry, information about organ donation, and communication strategies for interacting with the public. Main Outcome Measures Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and behavioral intentions toward organ donation were measured for the general public survey and for DMV clerks. Results Clerks were more knowledgeable about brain death and religious stances on organ donation than the general public, but otherwise both groups shared similar knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and behavioral intentions toward organ donation. Overall the general public and clerks had favorable attitudes toward organ donation but low to moderate knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors and behavioral intentions. Training significantly increased DMV clerks' knowledge, attitude, beliefs, and behavioral intention toward donation. Organ donor registration rates were a mean of 14% higher in counties where clerks were trained than in control counties and were 9% higher than statewide. Conclusions Training DMV clerks is an effective way to increase knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs for gatekeepers of organ donor registries and may increase donor registration rates among the public.

scholarly journals Community based programs to improve the oral health of Australian Indigenous adolescents: A systematic review and recommendations to guide future strategies.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Gwynn ◽  
John Skinner ◽  
Yvonne Dimitropoulos ◽  
Angela Masoe ◽  
Boe Rambaldini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Indigenous Adolescents

Abstract Background To review the international literature on community-based interventions aiming to improve the oral health of Indigenous adolescents and identify which demonstrate a positive impact. Methods Data sources were MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, the COCHRANE library and the Australian Indigenous Health Info Net. Articles were included where they: were published in English from 1990 onwards; described oral health outcomes for Indigenous adolescents aged 10 to 19 years; implemented a community based oral health intervention. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Health Practice Project was applied. Results Nine studies met inclusion criteria; two rated strong in quality; only one study was conducted with an urban community; five reported moderate community engagement. Five intervention strategies were identified, and schools were the most common setting reported. Statistically significant improvements were described in eight studies with the most frequently reported outcome being change in decayed missing or filled teeth. Conclusions Few good quality peer reviewed international studies of community-based oral health interventions which address the needs of Indigenous adolescents exist. Studies must include strong Indigenous community leadership and governance at all stages of the research, adopt participatory action-based research approaches, and are required in urban communities. Registration The PRISMA checklist of items to include when reporting a systematic review were followed and this review was registered with the PROSPERO register (number: CRD42018084673).

scholarly journals Community based programs to improve the oral health of Australian Indigenous adolescents: A systematic review and recommendations to guide future strategies.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Gwynn ◽  
John Skinner ◽  
Yvonne Dimitropoulos ◽  
Angela Masoe ◽  
Boe Rambaldini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Indigenous Adolescents

Abstract Background To review the international literature on community-based interventions aiming to improve the oral health of Indigenous adolescents and identify which demonstrate a positive impact.Methods Data sources were MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, the COCHRANE library and the Australian Indigenous Health Info Net. Articles were included where they: were published in English from 1990 onwards; described oral health outcomes for Indigenous adolescents aged 10 to 19 years; implemented a community based oral health intervention. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Health Practice Project was applied.Results Nine studies met inclusion criteria; two rated strong in quality; only one study was conducted with an urban community; five reported moderate community engagement. Five intervention strategies were identified, and schools were the most common setting reported. Statistically significant improvements were described in eight studies with the most frequently reported outcome being change in decayed missing or filled teeth.Conclusions Few good quality peer reviewed international studies of community-based oral health interventions which address the needs of Indigenous adolescents exist. Studies must include strong Indigenous community leadership and governance at all stages of the research, adopt participatory action-based research approaches, and are required in urban communities.Registration The PRISMA checklist of items to include when reporting a systematic review were followed and this review was registered with the PROSPERO register (number: CRD42018084673).

Community-Based Interventions to Reduce Child Maltreatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973152098696
Author(s):  
Camilla Kin-Ming Lo ◽  
Yuet Wing Cho
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Institutions ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Further Development

Purpose: This review seeks to summarize selected literature on existing findings on the impacts of community-based interventions on the actual reduction of child maltreatment and to identify the core components of the interventions. Methods: This study systematically searched electronic databases, including PsycInfo, Medline, and Web of Science. The findings of the selected studies were summarized using narrative synthesis. Results: A total of four studies met the inclusion criteria of this study. The studies showed declines in child maltreatment incidences reported by child protective services and hospitals during the study periods. Four major components and approaches were identified among the selected interventions, including (1) the involvement of community members, (2) partnerships with community institutions, (3) multidisciplinary collaboration, and (4) responsiveness to the needs of the communities involved. Conclusions: The results of this review support the need for further development of community-based interventions using a hybrid approach.

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