Making Behavioral Data Useful for System Design Applications: Development of the Engineering Data Compendium

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (16) ◽  
pp. 1021-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Lincoln ◽  
Kenneth R. Boff
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Data Resource ◽  
Engineering Data ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Performance

In spite of the critical need to match the capabilities of complex human-interfaced systems to the capabilities and limitations of the human operator, relevant research findings on human perception and performance are seldom given systematic consideration in the design of control and display systems. A major reason is that the costs and risks associated with accessing, interpreting, and applying these data are unacceptably high to designers already overburdened with technical information. To help reduce these costs, the Integrated Perceptual Information for Designers (IPID) program has developed: (1) a procedure for compiling and integrating widely scattered human performance research data with potential application in system design; and (2) a format for presenting these data so they can be used directly by practitioners to support design decisions and trade-offs. This data consolidation procedure and presentation format have been used to produce a full-scale demonstration data resource, the Engineering Data Compendium, that integrates information from over 75 subareas of human perception and performance into a 4-volume reference work for designers.

Design Engineers and the Design Process: Decision Strategies and Human Factors Literature

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 771-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Klein ◽  
Christopher P. Brezovic
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Performance

The types of human perception and performance information that training device designers need in making design decisions were studied to identify the types of human performance data needed to make these decisions. A total of 50 experienced designers were studied. For a subset of 39 of these designers, the interviews focused on critical design decisions where there was a need for human perception and performance data. The utility of the sources used in the decision was assessed and showed the present technical literature database of little value in the problem solving of the designers. The data collected indicated systematic decision making strategies were used in a minority of cases. Instead, there was a heavy reliance on informal experiments and analogous cases for guidance in resolving design questions, The implications are that human factors specialists can have a stronger influence on design through identification of analogous cases, and participating in prototype studies than by identifying basic research findings.

Validating Human Performance Models: Building a House without Bricks

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1511-1514
Author(s):  
Richard Steinberg ◽  
Raytheon Company ◽  
Alice Diggs ◽  
Raytheon Company ◽  
Jade Driggs
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Performance Models ◽  
Actual System ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Trade Offs

Verification and validation (V&V) for human performance models (HPMs) can be likened to building a house with no bricks, since it is difficult to obtain metrics to validate a model when the system is still in development. HPMs are effective for performing trade-offs between the human system designs factors including number of operators needed, the role of automated tasks versus operator tasks, and member task responsibilities required to operate a system. On a recent government contract, our team used a human performance model to provide additional analysis beyond traditional trade studies. Our team verified the contractually mandated staff size for using the system. This task demanded that the model have sufficient fidelity to provide information for high confidence staffing decisions. It required a method for verifying and validating the model and its results to ensure that it accurately reflected the real world. The situation caused a dilemma because there was no actual system to gather real data to use to validate the model. It is a challenge to validate human performance models, since they support design decisions prior to system. For example, crew models are typically inform the design, staffing needs, and the requirements for each operator’s user interface prior to development. This paper discusses a successful case study for how our team met the V&V challenges with the US Air Force model accreditation authority and successfully accredited our human performance model with enough fidelity for requirements testing on an Air Force Command and Control program.

scholarly journals Developers’ Behavioral Characteristic and Its Impact On Performance: A Case Study Of Iot Development Product Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1178-1182
Author(s):  
Jongsoon Park ◽  
David Kuhns
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Characteristic ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Developer Behavior

The IoT industry is facing a significant demand to provide more efficient paths for developer communities. At the same time, products are often developed without consideration of usability or are limited to general usability heuristics. Moreover, there is not much research on developers’ behavioral characteristics and its impact on human performance. This paper attempts to show how understanding their skill-, rule-, and knowledge-based behaviors can benefit developer experience and performance efficiency. This study references recent developer products to highlight 1) characteristics of developer behavior and 2) key system design considerations that help improve developer performance. We also discuss gaps identified in industry practices and the opportunities towards more consideration of the cognitive aspects in developer product design processes.

Augmented Reality--Implications toward Virtual Reality, Human Perception and Performance

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Grier ◽  
H. Thiruvengada ◽  
S. R. Ellis ◽  
P. Havig ◽  
K. S. Hale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
And Performance

Contemporary Methods of Designing Rail Vehicle Running Systems with the Use of CAD and CAM Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (187) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Tomasz Antkowiak ◽  
Marcin Kruś
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Detailed Design ◽  
Final Shape ◽  
Rail Vehicle ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Running System ◽  
Cad Cam

The article discusses the process of designing the running system of a rail vehicle using CAD and CAM tools as the solutions supporting the process. It describes the particular stages of design taking its final shape: from a preliminary design, through a detailed design, ending with the stage of production. Each stage includes a presentation of how CAD and CAM tools are used to support design engineers in their practice. Keywords: running system, design, CAD, CAM

Determinants of Control System Design in Divisionalized Firms

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Abernethy ◽  
Jan Bouwens ◽  
Laurence van Lent
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
System Design ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Control System Design ◽  
Information Asymmetries ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data

We investigate two determinants of two choices in the control system of divisionalized firms, namely decentralization and use of performance measures. The two determinants are those identified in the literature as important to control system design: (1) information asymmetries between corporate and divisional managers and (2) division interdependencies. We treat decentralization and performance measurement choices as endogenous variables and examine the interrelation among these choices using a simultaneous equation model. Using data from 78 divisions, our results indicate that decentralization is positively related to the level of information asymmetries and negatively to intrafirm interdependencies, while the use of performance measures is affected by the level of interdependencies among divisions within the firm, but not by information asymmetries. We find some evidence that decentralization choice and use of performance measures are complementary.

Specialization and performance trade‐offs across hosts in cactophilic Drosophila species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Bouzas ◽  
María F. Barbarich ◽  
Eduardo M. Soto ◽  
Julián Padró ◽  
Valeria P. Carreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Species ◽  
Cactophilic Drosophila ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
And Performance
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