Femoral Artery Blood Flow in Infants and Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kröger ◽  
J. Nettelrodt ◽  
C. Müntjes ◽  
U. Neudorf ◽  
A. Feuersenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Average Velocity ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
In Infants And Children

Background We measured Doppler parameter of common femoral artery (CFA) blood flow in infants and children and investigated how far these parameters change with age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA). Material and Methods CFA was investigated in 97 infants and children (43 females, 54 males, ages ranged from 0.13 to 220 months) on both sides in a supine position after 5 min rest using a 7.5-MHz linear transducer (Type Elegra, Siemens, Germany) 1 cm proximal to the femoral bifurcation. Peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, blood flow volume, mean average velocity, resistance index, and pulsatility index were measured. Results Theoretically, Doppler parameters could change with age, height, weight, BMI, and BSA. Because age, weight, height, and BSA were highly correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient > 0.90) only one of these variables could be included in a regression model. Only diameter and flow velocity (FV) correlated with age and height. Peak systolic velocity, mean average velocity, pulsatility index, and resistance index did not. Correlation between BMI and age and BMI and height was small. A regression model for the natural logarithm of FV was estimated: ln(FV) = −5.853 + 0.021 height + 0.049 BMI (R2 = 0.73, p < 0.0001 of height, p value of BMI: 0.028; p value of intercept: < 0.0001). The 95% confidence intervals were: −6.470 to −5.237 for the intercept, 0.006 to 0.093 for BMI, and 0.017 to 0.025 for height. Predicted FV and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The upper confidence limits were 8–10 times that of the lower ones. Conclusion Only FV showed height- and BMI-dependent changes in growing children. Prediction of FV in individual arteries was possible, but with a large range.

scholarly journals Dopplerfluxometria da artéria femoral de cães adultos hígidos (Canis lupus familiaris)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Ivan Felismino Charas Dos Santos ◽  
Letícia Rocha Inamassu ◽  
Sheila Canevese Rahal ◽  
Maria Jaqueline Mamprim ◽  
David José De Castro Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Resistivity Index ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
The Right

Background: In Veterinary Medicine, there are several methods for early and accurate assessment of blood flow dynamics. The Dopplerfluxometry can access the peak systolic velocity, mean velocity and end diastolic velocity, including Resistive Index and Pulsatility Index. Normal values of Dopplerfluxometry in healthy dogs allow the identification of vascular abnormalities and authors’ knowledge there are no reference regarding the values of Dopplerfluxometry of the femoral artery in healthy dogs. The aim of the study was to assess the femoral Dopplerfluxometry of adult healthy dogs by Resistive Index, Pulsatility Index, systolic and diastolic velocities, and femoral artery diameter.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen healthy intact beagle dogs, male and female, aging from 2 to 4 years old (mean ± SD: mean 3 ± 0.8 years), weighing from 10.1-17.9 kg [22.3-39.5 lb] [mean ± SD: 14.3 ± 2.7 kg (31.5 ± 5.96 lb)] were used. The dogs underwent to physical examination, complete blood cell count, serum biochemistry examination urinalysis, and radiographs examination, muscular and cardiac evaluation. Females had to be in anestrous. All dogs were submitted to right femoral artery Dopplerfluxometry. The dogs were positioned in dorsal recumbency by one person without any chemical restraint. A high definition ultrasound device equipped with a 3 - 13 MHz multi-frequency linear transducer was used. The right femoral artery was identified with the transducer positioned transversely on the right triangle femoral area. Peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity was measured. The Resistivity Index and Pulsatility Index were calculated automatically by the ultrasound machine software. Three measurements were obtained with the Doppler spectrum. The values of peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, Resistivity Index, Pulsatility Index and femoral artery diameter were expressed as Mean ± Standard Deviation (SD).Discussion: No studies regarding to femoral artery Dopplerfluxometry in healthy dogs were found in the literature. These results can be used as normal reference values of Dopplerfluxometric parameters for adult dogs. The literature cited only Dopplerfluxometric values of renal arteries, abdominal aorta and of the internal thoracic artery. The normal values of arterial Dopplerfluxometry is necessary to identify the spectral quantitative characteristics of the blood flow for diagnosis and prognosis of vascular diseases. Authors referred to changes in blood perfusion by Dopplerfluxometry examination, but no changes in B-mode ultrasonography. The femoral Resistivity Index values can be used to correlate the postoperative evolution in dogs submitted to femoral bone, hip and knee surgeries, since Dopplerfluxometry allows blood flow assessment in the femoral region muscles. Changes in the heart rate, blood pressure, stress, exercise, and diseases as hypotension, renal lesion, hepatic diseases, diabetes, hyperadrenocorticism can change the Dopplerfluxometric parameters. All dogs which used in this study were clinically healthy, and were used beagle dogs due to lowest variations within breed. Sedation was avoid due to possible changes in Dopplerfluxometric parameters since the use of sedation or tranquilization in animals is strongly discussed due to possible hemodynamic changes that may occur during the examination. In conclusion, the mean values of the right femoral artery Dopplerfluxometry in male and female adult healthy dogs is Resistivity Index (0.887); Pulsatility Index (1.599); peak systolic velocity (124.41 cm/s), end-diastolic velocity (14.12 cm/s), femoral artery diameter (3.9 mm).

scholarly journals Post-exercise pulsatility index indicates treatment effects in peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Udelnow ◽  
Maria Hawemann ◽  
Ivo Buschmann ◽  
Frank Meyer ◽  
Zuhir Halloul
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Healthy Persons

Summary Background Hypothesis: Post-exercise measurements better discriminate PAOD-patients from healthy persons and they more sensitively detect hemodynamic improvements after treatment procedures than resting measurements. Methods A total of 19 healthy volunteers and 23 consecutive PAOD-patients underwent measurements of peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), minimal diastolic velocity (MDV), time-averaged maximum velocities (TAMAX), resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) before and after a standard exercise test (at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min) before and after treatment (incl. epidemiological data, PAOD risk factors and comorbidities). Results In resting values, healthy persons and PAOD-patients did not differ significantly in any of the hemodynamic parameters. PSV increased after treatment in PAOD-patients by 5 cm/s (paired t‑test, p: 0.025); however, when the amplitude of autoregulatory changes related to the resting values were calculated, PAOD-patients showed clearly less hemodynamic changes after exercise than healthy persons (p: 0.04; 0.002; <0.001 for PSV, TAMAX and PI, resp.). The time course after exercise was compared by repeated measures of ANOVA. Healthy persons differed significantly in PI, RI and PSV from PAOD patients before and after treatment (p<0.001 each). The PAOD-patients revealed a significantly improved PI after treatment (p: 0.042). The only factor contributing significantly to PI independently from grouping was direct arterial vascularization as compared to discontinuous effects by an obstructed arterial tree. Conclusion Healthy persons cannot be well differentiated from PAOD-patients solely by hemodynamics at rest but by characteristic changes after standard exercise. Treatment effects are reflected by higher PI-values after exercise.

scholarly journals 298 Effects of parity on late gestational uterine blood flow and hemodynamics in beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 137-138
Author(s):  
Allison M Meyer ◽  
Natalie B Duncan ◽  
Katy S Stoecklein ◽  
Emma L Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Diastolic Velocity

Abstract To determine parity effects on late gestational uteroplacental blood flow, uterine artery hemodynamics were measured in 13 primiparous and 11 multiparous (parity 3 and 4) non-lactating, fall-calving crossbred females beginning 109 d prepartum. Females were nutritionally managed as one group to meet or exceed nutrient requirements. Transrectal color Doppler ultrasonography of the both uterine arteries was conducted 3 to 6 times per female across late gestation, ending at approximately 20 d prepartum. Data were analyzed with parity (primiparous vs. multiparous), day prior to calving, and their interaction in the model; day was a repeated effect. Dam BW was greater (P &lt; 0.001) for multiparous than primiparous females, and increased (P = 0.004) as gestation progressed. Calf birth weight was unaffected (P = 0.87) by parity. The parity x day interaction tended to affect (P = 0.06) ipsilateral uterine artery blood flow (L/min), where multiparous cows had a greater increase per day. Total and contralateral uterine artery blood flow were unaffected (P ≥ 0.11) by parity, but increased (P &lt; 0.001) with day of gestation. When expressed relative to dam BW, total and contralateral blood flow were greater (P ≤ 0.04) in primiparous than multiparous females; ipsilateral blood flow was unaffected (P ≥ 0.13) by parity, however. Ipsilateral pulsatility index and both resistance indices were unaffected (P ≥ 0.28) by parity and day, but day tended to affect (P = 0.07) contralateral pulsatility index. Parity did not affect (P ≥ 0.11) cross-sectional area, mean velocity, peak systolic velocity, and end diastolic velocity of either uterine artery, but all increased (P &lt; 0.001) as gestation progressed. Heart rate was greater (P = 0.03) in primiparous than multiparous females. Data suggest that uterine artery blood flow and heart rate may be altered in primiparous females, even when birth weight is unaffected by parity.

scholarly journals Is there any influence of breastfeeding on the cerebral blood flow? A review of 256 healthy newborns

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Maria Vieira Monteiro ◽  
Claudio Marcio Amaral de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Paula Medina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Left Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
The Right

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether breastfeeding influence the cerebral blood-flow velocity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study included 256 healthy term neonates, all of them with appropriate weight for gestational age, 50.8% being female. Pulsatility index, resistance index and mean velocity were measured during breastfeeding or resting in the anterior cerebral artery, in the left middle cerebral artery, and in the right middle cerebral artery of the neonates between their first 10 and 48 hours of life. The data were analyzed by means of a paired t-test, Brieger's f-test for analysis of variance and linear regression, with p < 0.01 being accepted as statistically significant. RESULTS: Mean resistance index decreased as the mean velocity increased significantly during breastfeeding. Pulsatility index values decreased as much as the resistance index, but in the right middle cerebral artery it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Breastfeeding influences the cerebral blood flow velocities.

Ovarian stromal blood flow changes after laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) in women with polycystic ovary s)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alya kareem Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling ◽  
Ovarian Drilling ◽  
Ovarian Diathermy ◽  
Laparoscopic Ovarian Diathermy

Is to compare the changes in the ovarian stromal blood flow & some hormonal profile (LH,T,FSH & LH/FSH ratio) after laparoscopic ovarian diathermy in women with PCOS. In the ovarian stromal blood flow with serum concentrations of follicle stimulating hormones, luteinizing hormone and testosterone were measured at early follicular phase of menstrual cycle before and first cycle after laparoscopic ovarian diathermy. The ovulation was also evaluated by folliculometry at the first menstrual cycle after operation.After laparoscopic ovarian drilling, there was statistically significant reduction in ovarian stromal blood flow (peak systolic velocity significantly decreased,while resistance index and pulsatiltyindex significantly increased) as well as serum levels of testosterone,luteinizing hormones and LH/ FSH ratio all significantly decreased. These changes were significantly more in those who ovulated after laparoscopic ovarian diathermy. The measurement of ovarian stromal blood flow by 2D power Doppler for women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing laparoscopic ovarian drilling may provide a useful tool in evaluating the outcome of laparoscopic ovarian diathermy.

Peak Systolic Velocity, Resistance Index and Pulsatility Index

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mikkonen ◽  
J. M. Kreula ◽  
P. J. Virkkunen
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteer ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Wave Forms ◽  
Source Of Error

Purpose: To study variation in the process of measuring Doppler ultrasound (US) wave forms. Material and Methods: Eleven radiologists measured peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistance index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) from a pre-recorded videotape. The wave forms were taken from the carotid, brachiàl, celiac, and renal interlobar arteries in a healthy volunteer. Each radiologist obtained measurements 10 times from a freely chosen wave form of 10 wave forms (10-beat series) and then a further set of measurements also 10 times from a specific wave form (1-beat series). Results: There was a significant variation in all the PSV, RI and PI values measured, both in the 1-beat series and in the 10-beat series. The greatest variation was seen in the PI values: up to 5.1-fold. Both intraobserver and interobserver reproducibilities were poor. Conclusion: The process of obtaining measurements from an identified wave form is a major source of error in Doppler US studies. Special attention should be paid to this final phase of an examination. We recommend that measurements be obtained from more than one heart beat.

Effect of altering pump flow rate on cerebral blood flow and metabolism in infants and children

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1366-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H. Kern ◽  
Ross M. Ungerleider ◽  
J.G. Reves ◽  
Timothy Quill ◽  
L.Richard Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Pump Flow ◽  
Pump Flow Rate ◽  
In Infants And Children
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