scholarly journals Examining the Relationships Between Religiosity, Spirituality, Internalized Homonegativity, and Condom Use Among African American Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Deep South

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy W. Smallwood ◽  
S. Melinda Spencer ◽  
Lucy Annang Ingram ◽  
Jim F. Thrasher ◽  
Melva V. Thompson-Robinson
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Internalized Homonegativity ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality

The Sexual Health in Faith Traditions Study evaluated the relationships between religiosity, spirituality, internalized homonegativity, and sexual risk behaviors among a sample of African American men who have sex with men living in the Deep South. Participants were recruited primarily from Black Gay Pride celebrations to complete a self-administered, paper-and-pencil survey. Structural equation modeling was used to determine relationships between key constructs and condom use for insertive ( n = 285) and receptive ( n = 263) anal intercourse in the past 3 months. Almost half of respondents reported using condoms “every time” when engaging in insertive (48.3%) or receptive (45.1%) anal intercourse. Religiosity and spirituality were differentially associated with dimensions of internalized homonegativity. While no significant direct relationships were reported between either religiosity or spirituality and condom use, dimensions of internalized homonegativity mediated significant indirect relationships. Findings suggest that religiosity and spirituality influence African American men who have sex with men’s internalized homonegativity and, subsequently, engagement in safer sex behaviors.

Different Dimensions: Internalized Homonegativity Among African American Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Deep South

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy W. Smallwood ◽  
S. Melinda Spencer ◽  
Lucy Annang Ingram ◽  
Jim F. Thrasher ◽  
Melva V. Thompson-Robinson
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Internalized Homonegativity ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Condom Use Self-Efficacy and HIV Risk Practices Among Men Who Use the Internet to Find Male Partners for Unprotected Sex

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Klein
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Risk Practices ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Drug Problems

This research examines the levels of condom use self-efficacy in a population of men who have sex with men who are at great risk for contracting/transmitting HIV. It focuses on the relationship between condom use self-efficacy and risk involvement, and examines the factors associated with greater/lower levels of condom use self-efficacy. The data come from a national sample of men, randomly chosen, who used any of 16 websites specifically to identify other men with whom they could engage in unprotected sex. Data were collected between January 2008 and May 2009 from 332 men, via telephone interviews. Multivariate analyses and structural equation modeling were used to test a conceptual model based on syndemics theory. Overall levels of condom use self-efficacy were fairly high, and self-efficacy was related inversely to involvement in HIV risk practices. Six factors were found to be indicative of levels of condom use self-efficacy: the number of drug problems experienced, sexual role identity as a “bottom,” not caring about the HIV serostatus of potential sex partners, experiencing childhood maltreatment, having confidence in HIV-related information provided in other men’s online profiles, and level of HIV knowledge. Condom use self-efficacy plays an integral role in HIV risk practices among high-risk men who have sex with men. This is true despite the fact that, overall, condom use self-efficacy levels were fairly high in this population.

Perceptions of condom use among African American men who have sex with men

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Peterson ◽  
Roger Bakeman ◽  
John H. Blackshear, Jr. ◽  
Joseph P. Stokes
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Stigmatizing policies’ influence on HIV risk through their effect on internalized homonegativity and health behaviors among men who have sex with men in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Stojanovski ◽  
E King ◽  
K R Amico ◽  
M Eisenberg ◽  
A Geronimus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Internalized Homonegativity ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) in Europe are most affected by HIV disparities. Complex systems theory proposes that many health behaviors and risks arise from numerous cascading and interacting processes. Our aim was to explore how stigmatizing policies at the European country-level create pathways to HIV risk and disparities among MSM in Europe. Methods We used data from the 2017 European Men Who Have Sex with Men Internet Survey (EMIS-2017). The anonymous online survey recruited 126,090 European MSM. We assessed condom use with steady & non-steady partners as the outcome. Condom use was categorized from zero to 10 (10 or more partners). Abuse was scored zero to three and internalized homonegativity from zero to six. We used the International Gay and Lesbian Association's Rainbow Index as the main predictor, which ranks European countries' laws and policies regarding LGBTQ+ legal protections from zero (worst) to 100 (best). We used structural equation and multi-level modeling for analyses. Results The mean Rainbow Index score was 50.8 with a range from 6 to 88. The Rainbow Index scores were the highest in Western European (mean=62.5), then Central European (mean=45.9), then Eastern Europe (mean=21.4) (p < 0.000). Unadjusted regression models suggested that for every one-unit improvement in the Rainbow Index the number of condomless sexual acts with steady sexual partners was reduced [β=-0.0012, 95% CI (-0.0016, -0.0009)]. The unadjusted structural equation model showed that the relationship between the Rainbow Index and condom use with steady partners was mediated by 30% because of internalized homonegativity (p < 0.000). Conclusions The policy context influences HIV risk, especially through the policies' effects on condom use. HIV research and prevention efforts must recognize that structural determinants can shape people's risk for HIV and that the best individual and local efforts may be undermined by structural factors such as policies.

scholarly journals Internal homonegativity among men having sex with men: a comparative cross-national study

2019 ◽  
pp. 145-171
Author(s):  
Oleksii Shestakovskyi ◽  
Maxim Kasianczuk ◽  
Olesia Trofymenko ◽  
Gulbarshyn Chepurko ◽  
Vitaly Djuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
National Study ◽  
Internalized Homonegativity ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Sex With Men

The paper studies internalized homonegativity (IH) and its predictors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in 12 countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA). Internalized homonegativity (sometimes called internal homophobia) is a negative attitude to own same-sex attractions. It arises when gays and other people with homosexual attractions interiorize predominant negative attitudes and assumptions about homosexuals and homosexuality. Internalized homonegativity is a significant factor of poorer health (including vulnerability to HIV infection), and lower inclusion in the community in Western countries. It remains highly understudied in post-Soviet countries, although there is a sufficient ground to suppose its higher prevalence here. Cross-sectional online survey of MSM was conducted in August–October, 2017. Convenience sample was recruited via dating apps and websites, other partner sites, and MSM-service organizations. Analytical sample size was 8239 respondents from Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Estonia and Lithuania (which were merged), Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Macedonia, and Moldova. IH was measured by the 8-item Short Internalized Homonegativity Scale (SIHS) in all main languages of the countries. According to results of Cronbach’s a test and multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, adaptation of SIHS showed satisfactory to good reliability, and partial scalar invariance across EECA. IH was not predominant in all countries’ samples. However, average IH was significantly different by countries. That could be attributed to both sampling design and differences in societal homophobia. Results of structural equation modeling of SIHS predictors also varied between countries. However, in most countries IH was lower among self-identified gays, those who were more open about own homosexual attractions, and was less religious. The unexpected findings included negative associations between IH and higher education, and contradictory associations with age in some countries. Results showed that internalized homonegativity is a common and comparable phenomenon among MSM in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Its prevalence is presumably different across the countries. IH relates, first of all, to own sexual orientation (gay, bi- etc.), and acknowledgement of own same-sex attractions. Also, the SIHS measure is good enough for use in further studies of male health and possibilities for LGBTIQ mobilization in the region.

scholarly journals Racial Pride and Condom Use in Post-Incarcerated African-American Men Who Have Sex With Men and Women: Test of a Conceptual Model for the Men in Life Environments Intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Li ◽  
Heather Guentzel Frank ◽  
Nina T. Harawa ◽  
John K. Williams ◽  
Chih-Ping Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Racial Pride ◽  
Sex With Men

Living While Black, Gay, and Poor: The Association of Race, Neighborhood Structural Disadvantage, and PrEP Utilization Among a Sample of Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Deep South

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-410
Author(s):  
Paul A. Burns ◽  
Casey D. Xavier Hall ◽  
Tonia Poteat ◽  
Leandro A. Mena ◽  
Frank Y. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Black Men ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Black Msm ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Structural Disadvantage ◽  
Sex With Men

Utilizing the Andersen Healthcare Utilization Model, we examined the role of neighborhood context on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) utilization among a sample of Black men who have sex with men (MSM) residing in a medium-sized city in the Deep South. Data were derived from a sample of 142 Black MSM aged 18–64 years who were eligible for PrEP from a community-based study known as “ACCELERATE!” We used multilevel structural equation modeling to assess PrEP use. Social support, sexual risk, and health care access were predictive of PrEP use. Notably, residing in a neighborhood with concentrated poverty was associated with decreased PrEP use. Our findings reveal neighborhood structural disadvantage is associated with decreased PrEP use among Black MSM, after adjusting of individual-level sociodemographic characteristics. There is an urgent need to develop HIV prevention interventions and programs that explicitly address structural-level factors to eliminate racial/ethnic differences in HIV.

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