scholarly journals Condom Use Self-Efficacy and HIV Risk Practices Among Men Who Use the Internet to Find Male Partners for Unprotected Sex

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Klein
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Risk Practices ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Drug Problems

This research examines the levels of condom use self-efficacy in a population of men who have sex with men who are at great risk for contracting/transmitting HIV. It focuses on the relationship between condom use self-efficacy and risk involvement, and examines the factors associated with greater/lower levels of condom use self-efficacy. The data come from a national sample of men, randomly chosen, who used any of 16 websites specifically to identify other men with whom they could engage in unprotected sex. Data were collected between January 2008 and May 2009 from 332 men, via telephone interviews. Multivariate analyses and structural equation modeling were used to test a conceptual model based on syndemics theory. Overall levels of condom use self-efficacy were fairly high, and self-efficacy was related inversely to involvement in HIV risk practices. Six factors were found to be indicative of levels of condom use self-efficacy: the number of drug problems experienced, sexual role identity as a “bottom,” not caring about the HIV serostatus of potential sex partners, experiencing childhood maltreatment, having confidence in HIV-related information provided in other men’s online profiles, and level of HIV knowledge. Condom use self-efficacy plays an integral role in HIV risk practices among high-risk men who have sex with men. This is true despite the fact that, overall, condom use self-efficacy levels were fairly high in this population.

scholarly journals Using structural equation modelling to characterise multilevel socioecological predictors and mediators of condom use among transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. e002463
Author(s):  
Arjee Restar ◽  
Adedotun Ogunbajo ◽  
Alexander Adia ◽  
Jennifer Nazareno ◽  
Laufred Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Hiv Services ◽  
Sex With Men

BackgroundRisks for condomless sex among transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men (trans-WSM and cis-MSM, respectively) in the Philippines, where HIV recently became a national public health crisis, are shaped and exacerbated by various risk factors across multiple levels.MethodsBetween June 2018 and August 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional online study with 318 trans-WSM and cis-MSM respondents from Manila and Cebu cities. Structural equational modelling procedures were performed to determine direct, indirect and overall effects between condom use and latent variables across multiple socioecological levels: personal (ie, condom self-efficacy), social (ie, social capital), environmental (ie, barriers to condom and HIV services) and structural (ie, structural violence, antidiscrimination policies).ResultsAdjusted for gender, age, location and income, our model showed that: (1) all latent variables at the structural and environmental levels were significantly positively associated with each other (all ps<0.05); (2) barriers to condom and HIV services were significantly negatively associated with social capital (p<0.001) as well as condom self-efficacy (p<0.001); and (3) there were significantly positive associations between social capital and condom self-efficacy (p<0.001), and between condom self-efficacy and condom use (p<0.001). Moreover, social capital and condom self-efficacy fully mediated and buffered the negative effects between environmental and structural barriers and condom use.ConclusionThis is the first known study pointing to multiple relationships and pathways across multiple socioecological levels that can potentially be leveraged for future interventions aimed at improving condom use among Filipinx trans-WSM and cis-MSM. Such interventions should be multicomponent and build and/or strengthen social capital and condom self-efficacy, as well as intentionally target prominent structural and environmental barriers to condom use.

scholarly journals The mediating role of self-stigma and self-efficacy between intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and depression among men who have sex with men in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Peng ◽  
Rui She ◽  
Jing Gu ◽  
Chun Hao ◽  
Fengsu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown that intimate partner violence (IPV) is prevalent in men who have sex with men (MSM). Mental health problems among MSM with IPV victimization have become a growing concern. The present study examined homosexual self-stigma and self-efficacy as potential mediators of the association between IPV victimization and depression. Methods We recruited 578 MSM from 15 cities across China. Participants completed sociodemographic measures, the IPV-GBM (IPV among gay and bisexual men) scale, the Self-Stigma Scale-Short Form (SSS-S), the General Self-Efficacy (GSE) Scale and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression 10 (CES-D-10). We calculated bias-corrected 95% confidence interval (CI) for total, direct and indirect effects using bootstrapping to conduct mediation analyses. Results Findings showed that the prevalence of IPV victimization and depression were 32.7% (189/578) and 36.0% (208/578), respectively. Result from mediation analysis using structural equation modeling indicated that the association between level of IPV victimization and depression among MSM was fully mediated by higher homosexual self-stigma and lower self-efficacy. Homosexual self-stigma had a direct effect and an indirect effect via self-efficacy on depression. Conclusion The results provided evidence that integrated interventions that reduce self-stigma and foster self-efficacy could be promising approaches to decrease depression among MSM with IPV victimization.

scholarly journals Perceptions of HIV Risk Among Internet-Using, HIV-Negative Barebacking Men

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Klein ◽  
David L. Tilley
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Risk Practices ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative

The current study examines the risk perceptions of HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) who use the Internet to seek unprotected sex. The research questions include the following: How great do these men perceive their HIV risk to be? Are their perceptions based on HIV knowledge or related to their risk behaviors? What factors are associated with greater/lesser perceived risk? Results revealed that more than half of the men believed that they had no or only a slight chance of contracting HIV. Risk perceptions were not related to HIV knowledge or to involvement in HIV risk practices. Four factors were identified as being associated with greater perception of HIV risk: self-identity as a sexual “bottom,” having sex while high, greater use of bareback-focused websites, and younger age. Internet-using HIV-negative men who have sex with men tend to underestimate their risk for acquiring HIV, and interventions need to help them accurately assess their risk.

scholarly journals Stigmatizing policies’ influence on HIV risk through their effect on internalized homonegativity and health behaviors among men who have sex with men in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Stojanovski ◽  
E King ◽  
K R Amico ◽  
M Eisenberg ◽  
A Geronimus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Internalized Homonegativity ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) in Europe are most affected by HIV disparities. Complex systems theory proposes that many health behaviors and risks arise from numerous cascading and interacting processes. Our aim was to explore how stigmatizing policies at the European country-level create pathways to HIV risk and disparities among MSM in Europe. Methods We used data from the 2017 European Men Who Have Sex with Men Internet Survey (EMIS-2017). The anonymous online survey recruited 126,090 European MSM. We assessed condom use with steady & non-steady partners as the outcome. Condom use was categorized from zero to 10 (10 or more partners). Abuse was scored zero to three and internalized homonegativity from zero to six. We used the International Gay and Lesbian Association's Rainbow Index as the main predictor, which ranks European countries' laws and policies regarding LGBTQ+ legal protections from zero (worst) to 100 (best). We used structural equation and multi-level modeling for analyses. Results The mean Rainbow Index score was 50.8 with a range from 6 to 88. The Rainbow Index scores were the highest in Western European (mean=62.5), then Central European (mean=45.9), then Eastern Europe (mean=21.4) (p &lt; 0.000). Unadjusted regression models suggested that for every one-unit improvement in the Rainbow Index the number of condomless sexual acts with steady sexual partners was reduced [β=-0.0012, 95% CI (-0.0016, -0.0009)]. The unadjusted structural equation model showed that the relationship between the Rainbow Index and condom use with steady partners was mediated by 30% because of internalized homonegativity (p &lt; 0.000). Conclusions The policy context influences HIV risk, especially through the policies' effects on condom use. HIV research and prevention efforts must recognize that structural determinants can shape people's risk for HIV and that the best individual and local efforts may be undermined by structural factors such as policies.

scholarly journals Using a Syndemics Theory Approach to Study HIV Risk Taking in a Population of Men Who Use the Internet to Find Partners for Unprotected Sex

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 466-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Klein
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Theory Approach

This study examines the value of using syndemics theory as a model for understanding HIV risk taking in a population of men who are at great risk for acquiring and/or transmitting HIV. The principal aim is to provide an empirical test of the applicability of the theory to sexual risk behaviors in this particular research population. The study was based on a national random sample of 332 men who have sex with men, or MSM, who use the Internet to seek men with whom they can engage in unprotected sex. Data collection was conducted via telephone interviews between January 2008 and May 2009. As hypothesized in the syndemics theory model, attitudes toward condom use were central to understanding men’s involvement in risky sex. As hypothesized, these attitudes depended on various demographic, psychological/psychosocial functioning, and sex-related preference measures. Also as hypothesized, psychological and psychosocial functioning were found to be very important to the overall model, and as expected, these factors were shaped greatly by factors such as demographic characteristics and childhood maltreatment experiences. The structural equation assessing the fit of the overall model indicated solid support for the syndemics theory approach. Overall, syndemics theory seems to apply fairly well to understanding the complexity of the factors that underlie men’s risk-taking practices. The complicated interplay among factors such as attitudes toward condom use, childhood maltreatment experiences, psychological and psychosocial functioning, and substance use and abuse—all of which are central to a syndemics theory approach to studying risk—was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Examining the Relationships Between Religiosity, Spirituality, Internalized Homonegativity, and Condom Use Among African American Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Deep South

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy W. Smallwood ◽  
S. Melinda Spencer ◽  
Lucy Annang Ingram ◽  
Jim F. Thrasher ◽  
Melva V. Thompson-Robinson
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Internalized Homonegativity ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality

The Sexual Health in Faith Traditions Study evaluated the relationships between religiosity, spirituality, internalized homonegativity, and sexual risk behaviors among a sample of African American men who have sex with men living in the Deep South. Participants were recruited primarily from Black Gay Pride celebrations to complete a self-administered, paper-and-pencil survey. Structural equation modeling was used to determine relationships between key constructs and condom use for insertive ( n = 285) and receptive ( n = 263) anal intercourse in the past 3 months. Almost half of respondents reported using condoms “every time” when engaging in insertive (48.3%) or receptive (45.1%) anal intercourse. Religiosity and spirituality were differentially associated with dimensions of internalized homonegativity. While no significant direct relationships were reported between either religiosity or spirituality and condom use, dimensions of internalized homonegativity mediated significant indirect relationships. Findings suggest that religiosity and spirituality influence African American men who have sex with men’s internalized homonegativity and, subsequently, engagement in safer sex behaviors.

The Role of Career Self-Efficacy on the Effect of Parental Career Behaviors on Career Exploration: A Study on School of Tourism and Hotel Management’ Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selahattin Kanten ◽  
Pelin Kanten ◽  
Murat Yeşiltaş
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Career Exploration ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Hotel Management ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to investigate the impact of parental career behaviors on undergraduate student’s career exploration and the mediating role of career self-efficacy. In the literature it is suggested that some social and individual factors facilitate students’ career exploration. Therefore, parental career behaviors and career self-efficacy is considered as predictors of student’s career exploration attitudes within the scope of the study. In this respect, data which are collected from 405 undergraduate students having an education on tourism and hotel management field by the survey method are analyzed by using the structural equation modeling. The results of the study indicate that parental career behaviors which are addressed support; interference and lack of engagement have a significant effect on student’s career exploration behaviors such as intended-systematic exploration, environment exploration and self-exploration. In addition, it has been found that one of the dimensions of parental career behaviors addressed as a lack of engagement has a significant effect on career self-efficacy levels of students. However, research results indicate that student’s career self-efficacy has a significant effect on only the self-exploration dimension. On the other hand, career self-efficacy has a partial mediating role between lack of engagement attitudes of parents and career exploration behaviors of students.

scholarly journals Multilevel Pathways of Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Low-Income Vietnamese Americans: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482110110
Author(s):  
Grace X. Ma ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Timmy R. Lin ◽  
Yin Tan ◽  
Phuong Do
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Limited English Proficiency ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Vietnamese Americans ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Crc Screening

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) disproportionately affects Vietnamese Americans, especially those with low income and were born outside of the United States. CRC screening tests are crucial for prevention and early detection. Despite the availability of noninvasive, simple-to-conduct tests, CRC screening rates in Asian Americans, particularly Vietnamese Americans, remain suboptimal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interplay of multilevel factors – individual, interpersonal, and community – on CRC screening behaviors among low-income Vietnamese Americans with limited English proficiency. Methods: This study is based on the Sociocultural Health Behavior Model, a research-based model that incorporates 6 factors associated with decision-making and health-seeking behaviors that result in health care utilization. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we recruited 801 Vietnamese Americans from community-based organizations. We administered a survey to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, and CRC screening-related factors. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to identify direct and indirect predictors of lifetime CRC screening. Results: Bivariate analysis revealed that a greater number of respondents who never screened for CRC reported limited English proficiency, fewer years of US residency, and lower self-efficacy related to CRC screening. The SEM model identified self-efficacy (coefficient = 0.092, P < .01) as the only direct predictor of lifetime CRC screening. Educational attainment (coefficient = 0.13, P < .01) and health beliefs (coefficient = 0.040, P < .001) had a modest significant positive relationship with self-efficacy. Health beliefs (coefficient = 0.13, P < .001) and educational attainment (coefficient = 0.16, P < .01) had significant positive relationships with CRC knowledge. Conclusions: To increase CRC screening uptake in medically underserved Vietnamese American populations, public health interventions should aim to increase community members’ confidence in their abilities to screen for CRC and to navigate associated processes, including screening preparation, discussions with doctors, and emotional complications.

scholarly journals Connection to the Gay Community and Self-Appraisals Among Older Men Who Have Sex With Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 824-824
Author(s):  
Mark Brennan-Ing ◽  
Michael Plankey ◽  
Sabina Haberlen ◽  
Steven Meanley ◽  
Andre Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Gay Community ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Men who have sex with men (MSM) report greater body dissatisfaction compared with heterosexual men, which increases with age. This may result from internalized gay community values regarding ideal physiques and youth. Using structural equation modeling, we examined these relationships among 1,118 MSM men age 40 and older from the Healthy Aging Study (M age=59.9 years/50.1% HIV+/69.8% non-Hispanic White). We hypothesized gay community attachment would be related to self-appraisals (body dissatisfaction/internalized ageism), and that this relationship would be mediated by developmental regulation strategies (physical activity/exercise intentions). The model fit the data well (RMSEA = .048, 90% CI 0.017-0.079). Contrary to our hypothesis, connection to the gay community was related to positive self-appraisals (-.40, p&lt;.001), with significant indirect effects via regulation strategies (-.12, p&lt;.002). Thus, gay community connections are related to positive self-appraisals in older GB men and enhance strategies supporting physical and psychological health. Implications for practice will be discussed.

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