scholarly journals Ageing people with intellectual disabilities and the association between frailty factors and social care: A Swedish national register study

2021 ◽  
pp. 174462952110371
Author(s):  
Gerd Ahlström ◽  
Eva Flygare Wallén ◽  
Magnus Tideman ◽  
Marianne Holmgren
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Strategic Plan ◽  
Severe Intellectual Disability ◽  
Home Help ◽  
The Social ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

The aim of this study was to describe the social care provided for different age groups of people with intellectual disability, 55 years or above, and to investigate the association between such care and frailty factors for those with diagnosed level of intellectual disabilities. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used. Commonest forms of social care among the 7936 people were Residential care, Daily activities and Contact person. Home help and Security alarm increased with age. The frailty factors significantly associated with increased social care were age, polypharmacy and severe levels of intellectual disabilities. Persons most likely to be in residential care were in the age group 65–79 with polypharmacy and severe disability. The results indicate a need for further research of how frailty factors are considered in social care and longstanding medication, especially then severe intellectual disability hinders communication. A national strategic plan for preventive interventions should be developed to ensure the best possible healthy ageing.

scholarly journals Enhanced participation or just another activity? The social shaping of iPad use for youths with intellectual disabilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 174462952091131
Author(s):  
Charlotta Isaksson ◽  
Elisabet Björquist
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Social Care ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tablet Devices ◽  
Technology Acquisition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Shaping ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

The use of smartphones and tablet devices in activities is believed to have great potential for enhancing the participation of people with intellectual disabilities. However, these technologies, in themselves, do not contribute to participation. What matters is how they are used. Employing the concept of domestication and insights gained from interviews with staff, this article examines conditions for the enhanced participation of youths with intellectual disability and how tablet devices are being integrated into social care settings, in particular. The findings reveal two approaches to tablet integration. In one approach, tablet use is an organized practice focused on technology acquisition, skills improvement and entertainment. In the other, it is integrated into existing practices as an aid to interpersonal communication. The organized digital activities create conditions for the youths to participate like non-disabled peers. The greatest potential for enabling participation with each other is when the youths themselves initiate the use of tablets.

scholarly journals The Assimilation of Assistive Technology in Residential Care Centers for People with Intellectual Disabilities

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Carmeli ◽  
Carmit Cahana ◽  
Joav Merrick
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Special Support ◽  
Study Results ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Relationship

People with intellectual disability (ID) require special support in order to achieve independence in their daily life. Persons with ID are less exposed to assistive technology, although studies have shown that the availability of aids afford an opportunity to reach independence and cooperation. The aim of this study was to examine the nature of the relationship between involvement of the physiotherapy (PT) team and the degree to which assistive technology was used. A questionnaire was sent to all PTs employed at all 54 residential care centers for persons with ID of the Division for Mental Retardation at the Ministry of Social Affairs in Israel. A significantly positive correlation was found between the degree of involvement of the PT and the utilization of assistive technology. The study results may be summarized by stating that PTs demonstrated a great deal of involvement, particularly in relation to the extent of their work in the residential care centers. PT's awareness of the importance was indicated as the major reason to use assistive technology.

Exploring a non-universal understanding of waged work and its consequences: sketching out employment activation for people with an intellectual disability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Dearing
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Supported Employment ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
Policy Consequence ◽  
Policy Shift ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Employment Rates

Background: Supported Employment has been advocated for by successive governments and policymakers alike as the best approach to employment inclusion for people with an intellectual disability who are in receipt of social care. Yet only 5.2% of this demographic are in any form of work and these numbers have been persistently stagnant for many years.Aims: This study aimed to explore the employment landscape and grapple with the intersecting layers of policy consequence for people who have an intellectual disability, and are in receipt of social care, who wish to engage with work preparation employment support.Methods: As an active participant in the field, this study was ethnographic and conducted at a new job club that had been established in England. In addition, three further sites of complementary data were explored in Wales, through interviews and focus groups.Findings: This study demonstrates that there is a mismatch between how evidence informs policy, and how funding is allocated to support with work preparation. Those unable to secure Supported Employment services are, instead, navigating extreme employment disadvantage and scant opportunities, in the open labour market. Further, bound up in this analysis is evidence of a non-universal understanding of waged work where any form of financial remuneration is welcome.Discussion and conclusion: Overall, with a mismatch between evidence that informs policy, policy rhetoric, realistic employment prospects, and available work, without a fundamental employment policy shift, the very low employment rates within this demographic will not increase.<br />Key messages<ul><li>People with intellectual disabilities can experience extreme employment exclusion;</li><br /><li>There is a mismatch between how evidence informs policy and the allocation of funding and work preparation support;</li><br /><li>People with intellectual disabilities can be taken advantage of and work for little or no pay;</li><br /><li>Ethnographic research methods can capture complex and nuanced data to support social change.</li></ul>

scholarly journals Sustainable development in the non-governmental organisation sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Chomiuk
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

The described project assumes the development of a new method for solving the problem of homelessness, in particular, with regard to the field of supporting people in an exceptionally difficult situation or those suffering from mental disorders and/or addictions to achieve independence and overcome problems. The aforementioned project is the first attempt at implementing this method in Poland. The basic assumption of the method is to solve the main problem of a person in the homelessness crisis, which is the lack of housing, and only then to provide support in solving other problems. The aim of the chapter is to give rise to discussion on the innovative solutions implemented by one of the local government to remedy the problems of homeless people. The issue is based on SDGs. The second described case study is the “Safe Future of People with Intellectual Disability”—implemented by the Polish Association for People with Intellectual Disability—reflecting the tested model based on support circles, i.e. social support networks in order to empower people with intellectual disabilities. The main objective of the “Safe Future” model is to develop and implement solutions that ensure legal, financial and social security of people with intellectual disabilities in situations where they have lost the support of the family. The concept of the support circles tested in this model is based on built networks of connections rooted in the social capital generated among the local community. The last example of sustainable development in the non-governmental sector is Social Cooperative Sunny Hill—as a social enterprise it is a unique entity on the market. It conducts economic activity, the main goal of which is not profit, but social and professional re-integration of people at risk of social exclusion. Contrary to a traditional enterprises, it does not distribute the profit among shareholders, but allocates it to social purposes.

Coping With Criticism and Praise

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Esdale ◽  
Andrew Jahoda ◽  
Carol Pert
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractThrough experiencing stigma and discrimination, people with intellectual disability may become more sensitive to criticism from others and be less likely to believe praise. This study compared how people with and without intellectual disability viewed praise and criticism, using a vignette task developed for the study. Participants were asked to imagine someone saying something praiseworthy or critical and were then asked about their emotions, beliefs, and thoughts. People with intellectual disability were more likely to believe and be distressed by criticism. Contrary to predictions, this group were also more likely to believe praise and experience positive affect. The results suggest that the self-perceptions of people with intellectual disabilities is more dynamic and reliant on the views of others.

Counselling Support for People with Intellectual Disabilities: The Use of Narrative Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Wark
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Narrative Therapy ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Grief And Loss ◽  
Descriptive Case Study ◽  
Severe Intellectual Disability ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

This article uses a descriptive case study design to examine the potential of narrative therapy as a direct intervention for adults with moderate-to-severe intellectual disabilities, autism and/or severe communication limitations. Archival clinical data on four individuals who received a form of social constructionist narrative therapy are examined for goal attainment. The data were analysed qualitatively with specific input from individuals, their families and carers. Findings indicate improvements in quality of life through reductions in situational and environmental anxieties, and in coping with grief and loss. The results suggest that narrative therapy techniques can be beneficial in assisting individuals with severe intellectual disability to achieve meaningful and persistent improvements in their life.

scholarly journals Nutritional assessment in developmentally retarded children of 3-10 years age group

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Vanagondi K. Kavitha ◽  
Khetavath Gopal Singh ◽  
Dundigalla Chandraiah
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Calcium Iron

Background: Intellectual disability is a condition of arrested or incomplete development of mind of a child and is specifically characterized by sub average intellectual functioning existing concurrently with limitations in conceptual, social, practical adaptive skills. Non-nutritional factors may influence growth, but nutritional factors such as insufficient calorie intake, excessive nutrient losses and abnormal energy metabolism also contribute to growth failure.Methods: A hospital based descriptive study was conducted where children with intellectual disability of 3 years to 10 years age group brought to child psychiatry OPD during the study period were enrolled in the study. The study was conducted in Government Medical College, Nizamabad which is a teaching hospital. Study period was for one and half year - from January 2017 to June 2018.Results: Out of 100 children with intellectual disabilities 32% of children were 2-5 years and 68% of children were 6-10 years. 64% of children were thin with a BMI <5th percentile and 36% of children were normal BMI falling in the range of 5th-85th percentile. Energy intake, calcium, iron and zinc intake were low in all age groups of children with intellectual disabilities.Conclusions: Regular assessment of nutritional status of intellectually disabled children may be of value in correcting nutrient deficiencies promptly, as nutrient intake has a bearing on the growth, development and stature of an individual. Hence early detection and nutritional intervention prevents malnutrition and increases the quality of life in children with intellectual disabilities.

On the Use of Speech Technologies to Achieve Inclusive Education for People with Intellectual Disabilities

2013 ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Ana Pérez Pérez ◽  
Zoraida Callejas Carrión ◽  
Ramón López-Cózar Delgado ◽  
David Griol Barres
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Integration ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Speech And Language Disorders

New technologies have demonstrated a great potential to improve the social, labour, and educational integration of people with special needs. That is why there is a special interest of academia and industry to develop tools to assist this people, improving their autonomy and quality of life. Usually, intellectual disabilities are linked with speech and language disorders. In this chapter, the authors present a review on the efforts directed towards designing and developing speech technologies adapted to people with intellectual disabilities. Also, they describe the work they have conducted to study how to gather speech resources, which can be used to build speech-based systems that help them to communicate more effectively.

Intellectual Disability, Identity, and the Internet

2013 ◽  
pp. 198-223
Author(s):  
Darren D. Chadwick ◽  
Chris Fullwood ◽  
Caroline J. Wesson
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Disability Identity ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Online Behaviour ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

This chapter provides insight into the nature of online engagement by people with intellectual disabilities, the extent and quality of this engagement in terms of the access that people have, and how people with intellectual disabilities present themselves in the online world. The authors of this chapter provide an overview of the extant literature on intellectual disability, identity, and the Internet. The chapter begins by outlining issues around Internet use and access by people with intellectual disabilities, including potential barriers. It then moves on to address online behaviour and the potential benefits of Internet use for people with intellectual disabilities. The chief focus of the chapter follows, describing the manner in which computer mediated communication affects how people with intellectual disabilities present themselves in the online world as well as considering the role that family members and supporters play in the development and management of people’s online identities. Finally, the chapter introduces future directions for research into intellectual disability, identity, and the Internet.

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