scholarly journals No effect of age on emotion recognition after accounting for cognitive factors and depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 2690-2704
Author(s):  
Jennifer Murphy ◽  
Edward Millgate ◽  
Hayley Geary ◽  
Caroline Catmur ◽  
Geoffrey Bird
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Emotion Recognition Ability ◽  
Effect Of Age

A decline in emotion recognition ability across the lifespan has been well documented. However, whether age predicts emotion recognition difficulties after accounting for potentially confounding factors which covary with age remains unclear. Although previous research suggested that age-related decline in emotion recognition ability may be partly a consequence of cognitive (fluid intelligence, processing speed) and affective (e.g., depression) factors, recent theories highlight a potential role for alexithymia (difficulty identifying and describing one’s emotions) and interoception (perception of the body’s internal state). This study therefore aimed to examine the recognition of anger and disgust across the adult lifespan in a group of 140 20–90-year-olds to see whether an effect of age would remain after controlling for a number of cognitive and affective factors potentially impacted by age. In addition, using an identity recognition control task, the study aimed to determine whether the factors accounting for the effects of age on emotion discrimination also contribute towards generalised face processing difficulties. Results revealed that discrimination of disgust and anger across the lifespan was predicted by processing speed and fluid intelligence, and negatively by depression. No effect of age was found after these factors were accounted for. Importantly, these effects were specific to emotion discrimination; only crystallised intelligence accounted for unique variance in identity discrimination. Contrary to expectations, although interoception and alexithymia were correlated with emotion discrimination abilities, these factors did not explain unique variance after accounting for other variables.

Age-related differences in emotion recognition ability: A cross-sectional study.

Emotion ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aire Mill ◽  
Jüri Allik ◽  
Anu Realo ◽  
Raivo Valk
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Emotion Recognition Ability

Age-related Differences in Emotion Recognition Ability: Visual and Auditory Modalities

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sishir Mannava
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Emotion Recognition Ability

Emotion recognition is an important aspect of social interaction. Deficits in emotion recognition have been tied to poor social competence, interpersonal functioning, and communication along with a reduced quality of life and inappropriate social behavior. Recent experimental evidence suggests that emotion recognition ability across modalities seems to change in an age-dependent way, with deficits specifically noted for negative emotion recognition. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to assess emotion recognition ability in both the visual and auditory modalities in healthy elderly patients versus healthy young patients to test the hypothesis that deficits in emotion recognition ability are age-related and increase with age across visual and auditory modalities. The secondary purpose of this study is to assess valence-specific emotion recognition ability to test the hypothesis that increased deficits for elderly individuals as compared to young healthy subjects occur for negative emotion recognition specifically. We examined the ability to recognize emotion in the auditory and visual modality in two groups of patients: healthy elderly subjects and healthy young subjects. The Montreal Affective Voices task (MAV), the Distorted Tunes task (DTT), the Awareness of Social Inference test (TASIT), and the Baron-Cohen Mind in the Eyes Test (EYES) were used to gauge emotion recognition ability. For the visual tasks (TASIT and EYES), the elderly subjects and young subjects did not have significant differences in performance. In addition, a significant difference was also not found for the DTT, indicating that both populations had intact lower-level auditory processing abilities. Significant differences were found between the two populations on the MAV task in both baseline accuracy and valence-specific performance. These findings suggest that age-related deficits in emotion recognition may be specific to the recognition of auditory emotion.

scholarly journals Attachment Representation and Emotion Recognition Ability in Children with ADHD and Their Parents: A Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2277
Author(s):  
Ruediger Kissgen ◽  
Sebastian Franke ◽  
Moritz Susewind ◽  
Maya Krischer
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Disorganized Attachment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Adhd Diagnosis ◽  
Attachment Research ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Emotion Recognition Ability

Background: Few studies in clinical attachment research to date have examined children with an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis. This is surprising for two reasons: first, there are a number of parallels between the behaviors of children with an insecure and disorganized attachment and the behaviors of children with an ADHD diagnosis. Second, secure attachment has a positive effect on the development of skills in areas in which children with ADHD demonstrate problems (e.g., attention span, impulse control). There are currently no findings on whether or not and how insecure and disorganized attachment and ADHD affect children’s emotion recognition ability. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, part exploratory and part hypothesis-driven in the context of basic research. A clinical sample of 5- to 10-year-old children with an ADHD diagnosis and their parents is to be compared to a non-clinical unaffected control group. Over a period of 3 years, 80 subjects and their parents are to be recruited in each group for participation in the study. Discussion: This study is the first to examine links between attachment, emotion recognition ability, and ADHD. It is also the first to include not just children with ADHD but also their mothers and fathers in its design. The findings should help reduce the research gap and generate more knowledge for family interventions in the case of ADHD.

scholarly journals Disentangling the Effects of Processing Speed on the Association between Age Differences and Fluid Intelligence

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Lena Schubert ◽  
Dirk Hagemann ◽  
Christoph Löffler ◽  
Gidon T. Frischkorn
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
Age Related

Several studies have demonstrated that individual differences in processing speed fully mediate the association between age and intelligence, whereas the association between processing speed and intelligence cannot be explained by age differences. Because measures of processing speed reflect a plethora of cognitive and motivational processes, it cannot be determined which specific processes give rise to this mediation effect. This makes it hard to decide whether these processes should be conceived of as a cause or an indicator of cognitive aging. In the present study, we addressed this question by using a neurocognitive psychometrics approach to decompose the association between age differences and fluid intelligence. Reanalyzing data from two previously published datasets containing 223 participants between 18 and 61 years, we investigated whether individual differences in diffusion model parameters and in ERP latencies associated with higher-order attentional processing explained the association between age differences and fluid intelligence. We demonstrate that individual differences in the speed of non-decisional processes such as encoding, response preparation, and response execution, and individual differences in latencies of ERP components associated with higher-order cognitive processes explained the negative association between age differences and fluid intelligence. Because both parameters jointly accounted for the association between age differences and fluid intelligence, age-related differences in both parameters may reflect age-related differences in anterior brain regions associated with response planning that are prone to be affected by age-related changes. Conversely, age differences did not account for the association between processing speed and fluid intelligence. Our results suggest that the relationship between age differences and fluid intelligence is multifactorially determined.

scholarly journals Accuracy in Judging Others’ Personalities: The Role of Emotion Recognition, Emotion Understanding, and Trait Emotional Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Cyril Jaksic ◽  
Katja Schlegel
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Emotion Understanding ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Judgment Accuracy ◽  
Personality Judgment ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Individual Difference Variable ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Emotion Recognition Ability

The ability to accurately judge others’ personality and the ability to accurately recognize others’ emotions are both part of the broader construct of interpersonal accuracy (IPA). However, little research has examined the association between these two IPA domains. Little is also known about the relationship between personality judgment accuracy and other socio-emotional skills and traits. In the present study, 121 participants judged eight traits (Big Five, intelligence, cooperativeness, and empathy) in each of 30 targets who were presented either in a photograph, a muted video, or a video with sound. The videos were 30 second excerpts from negotiations that the targets had engaged in. Participants also completed standard tests of emotion recognition ability, emotion understanding, and trait emotional intelligence. Results showed that personality judgment accuracy, when indexed as trait accuracy and distinctive profile accuracy, positively correlated with emotion recognition ability and was unrelated to emotion understanding and trait emotional intelligence. Female participants were more accurate in judging targets’ personality than men. These results provide support for IPA as a set of correlated domain-specific skills and encourage further research on personality judgment accuracy as a meaningful individual difference variable.

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