scholarly journals Chemoenzymatic Solvent-free Synthesis of 1-Monopalmitin Using a Microwave Reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Torregrosa ◽  
Mercé Balcells ◽  
Mercé Torres ◽  
Ramon Canela-Garayoa
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Intermediate Compound ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Microwave Reactor ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Palmitoyl Glycerol ◽  
Solvent Free Synthesis

An environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of 1-monopalmitin has been developed. The procedure consists of a two-step, solvent-free chemoenzymatic reaction. In the first step, palmitic acid is esterified with solketal (4-hydroxymethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane) using Novozym 435 by both conventional heating and microwave irradiation. The use of a microwave reactor allows the enzymatic synthesis of the intermediate compound with a similar yield as that achieved using conventional heating. In the second step, 1,2-acetonide-3-palmitoyl glycerol is cleaved to yield 1-monopalmitin by means of a cation-exchange resin and water or aliphatic alcohols as hydrolytic reagent in solvent-free conditions. The hydrolysis was accomplished in 15 min at 85°C. The best yield was obtained using 1-pentanol. We conclude that the yield achieved depends on the batch and nature of the cation-exchange resin used as catalyst.

A Solvent-Free Synthetic Technique for Epoxidized Methyl-α-Eleostearate Catalyzed by Cation Exchange Resin

2013 ◽  
Vol 830 ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
Jin Hua Zhou ◽  
Ni Li ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Wen Jie Ma ◽  
Han Zhou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Aliphatic Acid ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Tung Oil

Epoxidized methyl-α-eleostearate (EME) is a new kind of plant oil-based epoxidized aliphatic acid ester which starts from Tung oil. Tung oil is a special, but abundant biomass resource in China. A solvent-free synthetic technique for EME catalyzed by cation exchange resin was developed. Experimental results showed that the optimal synthetic conditions for EME were as follows: cation exchange resin dosage 5% (wt, calculated by methyl-α-eleostearate), material molar ratio of methyl-α-eleostearate, H2O2 and CH3COOH 1:5:2.5, reaction duration 3 h and reaction temperature 65 °C. EME epoxy value reaches 6.5% under the optimal preparation conditions. The newly developed green technique features low cost, simple operation, low energy consumption, less pollution, short production cycle and good quality and is promising to be industrialized.

“Eco-Friendly” Epimerization of Lutein to 3′-Epilutein Under Solvent-Free Mechanochemical Conditions by Using a Strongly Acidic Cation-Exchange Resin

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (24) ◽  
pp. 3202-3210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahí C. Sánchez-Chávez ◽  
Humberto L. Mendoza-Figueroa ◽  
Saray Oliveros-Cruz ◽  
Mario D. Torres-Cardona ◽  
J. Armando Luján-Montelongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Solvent Free

Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrano[c]chromenes Using Carbon Microsphere Supported Copper Nanoparticles (Cu-NP/C) Prepared from Loaded Cation Exchange Resin as a Catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-293
Author(s):  
Yogesh W. More ◽  
Sunil U. Tekale ◽  
Nitishkumar S. Kaminwar ◽  
László Kótai ◽  
Tibor Pasinszki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Carbon Microsphere ◽  
Catalytic Material ◽  
Operational Simplicity

Aim and Objective: The present study was performed with the aim to develop an efficient and environmentally benign protocol for the synthesis of biologically siginifcant 3, 4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes using a new catalytic material. The protocol involves the use of a reusable, environment friendly materials and solvents with operational simplicity. Materials and Methods: Carbon microsphere supported copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP/C) prepared from loaded cation exchange resin were synthesized, characterized with well versed analytical techniques such as XRD, SEM and Raman spectroscopy and the synthesized material was used as a catalyst for the environmentally benign synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes. Results: The formation of carbon microsphere supported copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP/C) prepared from loaded cation exchange resin was confirmed by XRD, SEM and Raman spectroscopy which was employed as a heterogeneous material for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes. The products formed were characterized by the analysis of spectroscopic data - NMR, IR and mass. The safe catalytic system offers several advantages including operational simplicity, environmental friendliness, high yield, and reusability of catalyst and green chemical transformation. Conclusion: Herein we report an easy and efficient protocol for the one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano[ c]chromenes using environmentally benign MCR approach in ethanol as the green solvent. The method developed herein constitutes a valuable addition to the existing methods for the synthesis of titled compounds.

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