Factors Predicting Survival for Cancer of the Ethmoid Sinus

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Ethmoid Sinus ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
T Stage ◽  
Hazards Model

Objective The aim of this study was to determine survival and prognostic factors for ethmoid sinus cancer. Methods From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for the time period 1988–1998, all cases of ethmoid sinus malignancy were extracted. Demographic, staging, treatment, and survival data were computed. Survival analysis was conducted with the Kaplan-Meier method. Clinical factors influencing survival were determined with the Cox proportional hazards model. Results After excluding patients with metastatic disease on presentation (8.9%) and patients with missing data for T stage, a total of 180 cases were identified. Average age was 60.2 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common tumor (27.8%), followed by adenocarcinoma (12.8%). Overall mean survival was 57 months (median, 38 months) with a 5-year survival of 40.3%. The percentage of patients presenting with T4 lesions was 45.6%, which had a notably lower mean survival of 38 months (median, 18 months). Only 2.3% of patients had positive nodal disease. Increasing age, T stage, and absence of radiation therapy predicted poorer survival in the multivariate model. Adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, esthesioneuroblastoma, and melanoma showed more favorable survival than other tumor types. Conclusions T stage and tumor histology are the most important prognostic factors in ethmoid sinus carcinoma. Survival for T4 lesions is markedly worse than survival for T1-T3 lesions. Radiation therapy offers a survival benefit in ethmoid sinus malignancy.

Overall survival (OS) prognostic factors in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients retreated with docetaxel (D).

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15213-e15213
Author(s):  
Shilpa Rashmikant Shah ◽  
Costantine Albany ◽  
Noah M. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Gleason Grade ◽  
First Line ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Baseline Psa

e15213 Background: Until recently, few post-D treatment options existed for mCRPC patients (pts). In pts taken off of first-line D for reasons other than progressive disease (PD), retreatment with D at the time of PD was a commonly used strategy. While several prognostic nomograms have been developed for mCRPC patients, none have exclusively examined prognostic factors in D retreated patients. In the present study, we aimed to characterize baseline clinical factors associated with OS outcomes in D retreated mCRPC pts. Methods: Between 1/2007 and 10/2010, all mCRPC pts seen in the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center oncology clinics were approached for recruitment to the IRB approved biorepository protocol. Participants completed a demographic and clinical questionnaire and provided a blood sample. Only mCRPC pts retreated with D with confirmed dates for D first-line completion, D retreatment, and OS were included in this analysis. At D retreatment, patient age, Gleason Grade (GG), presence of pain, time to progression after first-line D therapy, visceral metastases, ECOG performance status, PSA, and PSA doubling time (PSAdt) were examined by Cox proportional hazards model for significant associations (p < 0.05) with OS outcomes. Results: 30 mCRPC pts retreated with D were identified. Complete data were available on 22 pts which formed the analysis cohort. Demographics included: mean age – 69.1 yrs, Caucasian/African-American – 21/1, median GG 8, 55% pain present at baseline, median time from first-line D – 8.6 mo., 30% visceral mets, ECOG 0/1/2 – 3/17/2, mean baseline PSA – 536 ng/ml, mean baseline PSAdt – 2.7 mo. By Cox proportional hazards model, baseline PSA (p = 0.006) was significantly associated with D-retreatment OS with a trend toward significance in patients with pain at baseline (p = 0.059). No other significant associations were identified. Conclusions: Baseline PSA levels were significantly associated with OS outcomes in mCRPC pts retreated with D. Validation and examination of additional clinical variables is warranted in larger datasets.

scholarly journals Cox Proportional Hazards Model for Identification of the Prognostic Factors in the Survival of Acute Liver Failure Patients in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Shankar Prasad Khanal ◽  
V. Sreenivas ◽  
S.K. Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Cerebral Edema ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Hazards Model

Background: Acute Liver Failure (ALF) is a kind of dangerous rare liver injury among all liver diseases. Different statistical methods such as Logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier estimate of survival function followed by Log-rank test and semi-parametric approaches of survival analysis has been applied in order to identify the significant risk factors of ALF patients. In most of the studies, regression models used in this setup has not been evaluated by model assumptions and their goodness of fit tests.Objective: To apply appropriate survival analysis technique to identify the prognostic factors in the survival of ALF patients, to develop prognostic index, and to predict survival probability for different scenario.Materials and Methods: The study is based on the retrospective cohort study design with altogether 1099 ALF patients taken from the liver clinic, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi India. Cox regression has been considered as the suitable model for handling this time to event data, and the assumptions of the model, goodness of fit of the model was assessed and survival probabilities were predicted.Results: This study has identified six prognostic factors namely age, prothrombin time, cerebral edema, total serum bilirubin, serum creatinine and etiology for ALF patients. The hazards of mortality [HR: 2.38; 95% C.I.: (1.99, 2.85), p < 0.001] is the highest for cerebral edema among all these prognostic factors. Nearly 9%, 26%, 39%, 50%, 59% and 63% of ALF patients with a PI of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 10 respectively die by 3 days of hospital stay.Conclusion: The developed Cox Proportional Hazards model with six prognostic factors has satisfied the model assumptions and goodness of fit tests. The risk score and the predicted survival probabilities will be immensely helpful to the hepatologists to make a quick decision regarding the likely prognosis of a patient at admission and helpful in triaging the ALF patients for liver transplant.Nepalese Journal of Statistics, Vol. 2, 53-74

scholarly journals Lifestyle and heritability effects on cancer in Bangladesh: an application of Cox proportional hazards model

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Mst Farzana Akter ◽  
Shahnaj Sultana Sathi ◽  
Sabikunnaher Mitu ◽  
Mohammad Ohid Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Cancer Diseases

The burden of cancer is increasing very rapidly day by day all over the world, largely due to an increasing unhealthy lifestyle. Some cross-sectional studies have been conducted on lifestyle of cancer patients based on Sylhet city, Bangladesh. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been done based on longitudinal aspect considering whole Bangladesh, therefore, we aimed to conduct a longitudinal study to know the effects of lifestyle and heritability on cancer in Bangladesh. We selected total 384 cancer patients by using simple random sampling from eight divisions during December 2018, and created a cohort in each division in Bangladesh. After one year, we collected their survival data from four selected cohorts. We used a Cox proportional hazards model for survival data. It was found that overall female patient’s survival rate is higher than male patients. It was also observed that the significant factors of the lifestyle dimension influence the hazard function of the cancer patients. It indicates that more consumption of beverages, fast food, chips/chocolates/ice-cream, smoking and betel nut increased the hazard of cancer. That is, changing lifestyle is needed to reduce the cancer diseases in future. Taken together, the findings of this study may be able to make awareness in the society about the cancer, afterwards it might be able to reduce the cancer diseases in future in regional, national and international level to improve public health sectors. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 82-89

Therapeutic effect of cranial radiotherapy with or without anlotinib treatment for lung cancer patients with brain metastasis and non-EGFR/ALK-TKIs indication

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zelai He ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Hongwei Li ◽  
Jing Qian ◽  
Zhen Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cranial Radiotherapy ◽  
Hazards Model

Abstract Background: Cranial radiotherapy (CRT) is the main treatment for lung malignant tumor with brain metastasis (BM) and lacking EGFR/ALK-TKIs indication. For non-small cell lung cancer with BM, anlotinib can improve progression free survival (PFS). We retrospectively analyzed the clinical effects of anlotinib + CRT versus CRT alone.Methods: In patients with lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma, or small cell carcinoma) with BM and non-EGFR/ALK-TKIs indication, the overall survival (OS) and PFS of anlotinib + CRT treatment versus CRT treatment alone were separately calculated and compared. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the independent prognostic factors for intracranial PFS (iPFS) and OS. All confounding factors were adjusted, including age, gender, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score, smoking history, physiological characteristics, T/N stage, histology, metastases, and pathological characteristics. Subgroup analysis for iPFS and OS was performed to assess the effects on BM of treatment pattern.Results: The study included 100 patients with BM at baseline and the follow-up data. Of the 100 patients, 67 patients received CRT treatment alone and 33 patients received CRT + anlotinib treatment. The overall response rates of the CRT + anlotinib group and the CRT alone group were 90.91% and 83.58%, respectively. There was significantly more iPFS in the CRT + anlotinib group compared to CRT alone (median iPFS [miPFS]: 9.0 vs 3.0 months; hazard ratio [HR] 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-2.52; p = 0.038). The OS, extracranial PFS (ePFS), and systematic PFS (sPFS) of CRT + anlotinib group were longer than those of the CRT alone group, but there was no significant statistical difference (median OS [mOS]: 9.0 vs 7.0 months, HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.74-1.85; median ePFS [mePFS]: 9.0 vs 7.0 months, HR 1.23, 95% CI 0.72-2.11; median sPFS [msPFS]: 7.0 vs 4.0 months, HR 1.37, 95% CI 0.82-2.30). The Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed that age was an independent prognostic factor of iPFS (HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.05-2.59, p = 0.03). Age (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.09-2.77, p = 0.02) and KPS score (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.17-3.01, p = 0.01) were identified as independent prognostic factors of OS. Further subgroup analysis of iPFS showed that when the number of BM in the CRT + anlotinib group was less than or equal to three lesions (≤ 3), the miPFS (12.0 months) was significantly longer than that for CRT alone (> 3) (3.0 months), for CRT alone (≤ 3) (3.0 months), and for CRT + anlotinib (> 3) (7.0 months) (p = 0.014). The OS of the CRT + anlotinib group (≤ 3) (mOS 37.0 months) was much longer than that in CRT alone (> 3) (mOS 6.0 months), CRT alone (≤ 3) (mOS 7.5 months), and CRT + anlotinib (> 3) (mOS 8.5 months) groups, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.051).Conclusion: Anlotinib can improve the survival of patients with lung cancer BM, with better efficacy of a combined treatment of anlotinib + CRT compared to that of CRT alone, especially for the iPFS of patients with BM ≤ 3.

The Comparison of the Estimator of the Variance in the Cox Proportional Hazards Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 1049-1050 ◽  
pp. 1613-1616
Author(s):  
Yong Li
Keyword(s):  
Survival Data ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Hazards Model

The Cox model is commonly used to model survival data as a function of covariates. In this paper we compare the three methods to estimate the variance of the parameters in Cox model and presents the simulation result.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events following percutaneous coronary intervention: a 10-year follow-up comparing random survival forest and Cox proportional-hazards model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Farhadian ◽  
Sahar Dehdar Karsidani ◽  
Azadeh Mozayanimonfared ◽  
Hossein Mahjub
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Stent Length

Abstract Background Due to the limited number of studies with long term follow-up of patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), we investigated the occurrence of Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) during 10 years of follow-up after coronary angioplasty using Random Survival Forest (RSF) and Cox proportional hazards models. Methods The current retrospective cohort study was performed on 220 patients (69 women and 151 men) undergoing coronary angioplasty from March 2009 to March 2012 in Farchshian Medical Center in Hamadan city, Iran. Survival time (month) as the response variable was considered from the date of angioplasty to the main endpoint or the end of the follow-up period (September 2019). To identify the factors influencing the occurrence of MACCE, the performance of Cox and RSF models were investigated in terms of C index, Integrated Brier Score (IBS) and prediction error criteria. Results Ninety-six patients (43.7%) experienced MACCE by the end of the follow-up period, and the median survival time was estimated to be 98 months. Survival decreased from 99% during the first year to 39% at 10 years' follow-up. By applying the Cox model, the predictors were identified as follows: age (HR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05), diabetes (HR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.29–3.66), smoking (HR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.46–3.98), and stent length (HR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.11–2.75). The predictive performance was slightly better by the RSF model (IBS of 0.124 vs. 0.135, C index of 0.648 vs. 0.626 and out-of-bag error rate of 0.352 vs. 0.374 for RSF). In addition to age, diabetes, smoking, and stent length, RSF also included coronary artery disease (acute or chronic) and hyperlipidemia as the most important variables. Conclusion Machine-learning prediction models such as RSF showed better performance than the Cox proportional hazards model for the prediction of MACCE during long-term follow-up after PCI.

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