scholarly journals Can Voter Identification Laws Increase Electoral Participation in the United States? Probably Not—A Simple Model of the Voting Market

SAGE Open ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824401558037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Weaver
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Electoral Participation ◽  
Voter Identification

Electoral Participation in the United States, 1968-86

1991 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik W. Austin ◽  
Jerome M. Clubb ◽  
William H. Flanigan ◽  
Peter Granda ◽  
Nancy H. Zingale
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Electoral Participation

scholarly journals Job Polarization and Structural Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZsÓfia L. Bárány ◽  
Christian Siegel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Average Wage ◽  
High Wage ◽  
Relative Wages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Job Polarization

We document that job polarization—contrary to the consensus— has started as early as the 1950s in the United States: middle-wage workers have been losing both in terms of employment and average wage growth compared to low- and high-wage workers. Given that polarization is a long-run phenomenon and closely linked to the shift from manufacturing to services, we propose a structural change driven explanation, where we explicitly model the sectoral choice of workers. Our simple model does remarkably well not only in matching the evolution of sectoral employment, but also of relative wages over the past 50 years. (JEL E24, J21, J22, J24, J31)

scholarly journals Behavior and the Transmission of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 356-360
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Atkeson ◽  
Karen Kopecky ◽  
Tao Zha
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Equilibrium Outcome ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Over Time

A simple model of COVID-19 that incorporates feedback from disease prevalence to disease transmission through an endogenous response of human behavior does a remarkable job fitting the main features of the data on the growth rates of daily deaths observed across a large number of countries and states in the United States in 2020. This finding, however, suggests a new empirical puzzle: very large wedges that shift disease transmission rates holding disease prevalence fixed are required both across regions and within a region over time for the model to match the data on deaths from COVID-19 as an equilibrium outcome exactly.

Age and the Construction of Gendered and Raced Citizenship in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-450
Author(s):  
Corinne T. Field ◽  
Nicholas L. Syrett
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Birth Certificates ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Voter Identification

Abstract Focusing on the United States, Field and Syrett argue that the supposed universality of chronological age masks the processes through which legislators and government officials relied upon age to reinforce inequalities rooted in coverture and chattel slavery. Two case studies reveal how bureaucratic and legislative age requirements functioned in tandem to deny equal citizenship to women and formerly enslaved people. During the Civil War, Congress passed legislation to grant age-based Civil War pensions for minor children that appeared neutral in law but came to be administered in ways that denied equal benefits to the families of black Civil War soldiers on the grounds that they lacked adequate proof of age. State governments, meanwhile, continued to pass laws that differentiated between men and women in the realm of legal majority, using chronological age as a means to shore up gender inequality even as women gained new rights and opportunities. Recent conflicts over voter identification laws and age determination for child migrants reveal that chronological age remains a contested category through which government officials can deny equal treatment under the law by defining the criteria for what counts as adequate proof of age. Cracks in the modern regime of government-issued birth certificates reveal that age remains what it has always been: not a neutral fact, but a vector of power through which government officials and ordinary people construct and contest the boundaries of citizenship.

Waiting to Vote in the 2016 Presidential Election: Evidence from a Multi-county Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Stein ◽  
Christopher Mann ◽  
Charles Stewart ◽  
Zachary Birenbaum ◽  
Anson Fung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Nationwide Study ◽  
Voter Identification ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Voter Id

This paper is the result of a nationwide study of polling place dynamics in the 2016 presidential election. Research teams, recruited from local colleges and universities and located in twenty-eight election jurisdictions across the United States, observed and timed voters as they entered the queue at their respective polling places and then voted. We report results about four specific polling place operations and practices: the length of the check-in line, the number of voters leaving the check-in line once they have joined it, the time for a voter to check in to vote (i.e., verify voter’s identification and obtain a ballot), and the time to complete a ballot. Long lines, waiting times, and times to vote are closely related to time of day (mornings are busiest for polling places). We found the recent adoption of photographic voter identification (ID) requirements to have a disparate effect on the time to check in among white and nonwhite polling places. In majority-white polling places, scanning a voter’s driver’s license speeds up the check-in process. In majority nonwhite polling locations, the effect of strict voter ID requirements increases time to check in, albeit modestly.

The Disproportionate Impact of Voter-ID Requirements on the Electorate—New Evidence from Indiana

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (01) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt A. Barreto ◽  
Stephen A. Nuño ◽  
Gabriel R. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Government ◽  
United States Supreme Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Photo Identification ◽  
Voter Identification ◽  
Voting Requirements ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Evidence

On January 8, 2008, the United States Supreme Court heard arguments inCrawford v. Marion County Election Board, a case related to the discriminatory effects of voter-identification laws in the state of Indiana. Indiana has one of the most stringent voting requirements in the nation, as voters are required to present an up-to-date photo identification issued by the federal or state government in order to cast a ballot. Plaintiffs argued that the Indiana requirements prevent significant and unequal obstacles to the right to vote. The state argued that Indiana had the right to enforce strict requirements to prevent fraud and uphold confidence in the electoral process. Similar laws have also been proposed in many other states, typically related to charges of vote fraud, and often times tied into the divisive debate regarding undocumented immigrants or African American felons. Therefore the recent decision of the Court has tremendous implications to the future of photo-identification laws across the United States.

scholarly journals A Simple Model for the Anomalous Counterclockwise Turning of the Surface Wind with Time over the Great Plains of the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2971-2981
Author(s):  
Richard Rotunno ◽  
Glen S. Romine ◽  
Howard B. Bluestein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Layer Effect

AbstractA recent study found that surface hodographs over the Great Plains of the United States turn in a counterclockwise direction with time. This observed turning is opposite of the clockwise turning observed (and expected, based on theory) at higher altitudes. Using a mesoscale forecast model, the same study shows that it has the same hodograph behavior as found in the observations. The study further shows that the reason for this anomalous counterclockwise turning is the decoupling of the surface layer from the boundary layer after sunset and its recoupling after sunrise. The present paper presents a simple model for this behavior by extending a recent analytical model for the diurnal oscillation to include the surface-layer effect. In addition, selected solution features are analyzed in terms of several of the nondimensional input parameters.

Structure, Behavior, and Voter Turnout in the United States

1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Timpone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Selection Bias ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Electoral Participation ◽  
Actual Decision

Electoral participation in the United States is examined to provide a clearer account of the effect of the registration requirement on individual voting behavior. Pooling NES data from 1980, 1984, and 1988, I first model, with traditional and selection bias techniques, the full electorate to distinguish among three groups: nonregistrants, registered nonvoters, and voters. Analyses limited to recent movers then reported to understand more fully the forces associated with the actual decision calculi of registering and voting. The influences of many factors commonly accepted as important determinants of voting are disentangled, and their effect at each stage is ascertained. Factors yielding inconsistent effects in previ research or believed to be unimportant—such as race, gender, attitudes toward the candidates, and trust government—are shown to deserve closer scrutiny by electoral scholars.

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