Family Structure and Secondary Exposure to Violence in the Context of Varying Neighborhood Risks and Resources

Secondary exposure to violence in the community is a prevalent developmental risk with implications for youths’ short- and long-term socioemotional functioning. This study used longitudinal, multilevel data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods to consider how family structure, including parental instability, is associated with youths’ secondary exposure to violence across diverse neighborhood contexts. Results showed that both living in a stable single-parent household and experiencing parental instability were associated with greater secondary exposure to violence compared with living in a stable two-parent household. The associations between having a single parent or experiencing parental instability and secondary exposure to violence were especially strong in neighborhoods with high levels of crime and strong neighborhood ties.

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Teenage Pregnancy and its Support System in Korea

Contemporary Social Issues in East Asian Societies - Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-5031-2.ch008 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 137-163

Author(s):

Naoko Sôma ◽

Jiyoon Park ◽

Sun-Hee Baek ◽

Akemi Morita

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Family Support ◽

Teenage Pregnancy ◽

Single Parent ◽

Single Parent Family ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Korean Society ◽

Unmarried Mothers ◽

Family Support Act

While family structure continues to diversify in Korean society, society’s rejection of unmarried mothers continues to be a strong obstacle. However, Korean teenage mothers increasingly are deciding to raise their own children and live their daily lives in communities that hold biases and express rejection towards them. At present, the Single-Parent Family Support Act is central to the development of support policies for unmarried mothers, but as pointed out in this study, it is important to implement detailed, individualized, comprehensive, and continual assistance, not limited to those who opt for childrearing but also towards all unmarried mothers who opt for adoption. While raising one’s own child, it is important to provide long-term and continual support and support that helps the recipient foresee how she can step her way up to independence, rather than short-term and sporadic handouts.

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Examining the Contemporaneous, Short-Term, and Long-Term Effects of Secondary Exposure to Violence on Adolescent Substance Use

Journal of Youth and Adolescence ◽

10.1007/s10964-017-0694-4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (9) ◽

pp. 1933-1952 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gregory M. Zimmerman ◽

Mackenzie Kushner

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Exposure To Violence ◽

Adolescent Substance Use ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Adolescent Substance ◽

Secondary Exposure

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Family Structure and Leaving the Nest: A Social Resource Perspective

Sociological Perspectives ◽

10.2307/1389283 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 651-671 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Barbara A. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Single Parent ◽

Canadian Youth ◽

Home Leaving ◽

Using Data ◽

Reasons For Staying ◽

At Home

This article focuses on the role of family structure as a form of social capital (Coleman 1988) in the timing of and pathways for home-leaving behavior among youths. Using data from the 1987 Canadian Youth Foundation Survey, bivariate analyses of reasons for staying and leaving the nest and proportional hazards modeling of age at home-leaving support and extend previous research demonstrating the importance of family structure. Financial, human, and cultural capital, as well as sex and region, are also examined. The most striking finding is that youths exposed to biological and single-parent family environments are between five and six times as likely to remain at home than those exposed to stepfamily structures for the ages 15 to 24, net of the other variables. Interestingly, young adults living in both stepparent and single-parent families are more likely to report leaving home due to conflictual parent-child relations, and to leave the nest to achieve independence rather than to marry or pursue additional schooling. The findings are discussed in terms of their long-term consequences for youths.

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Experience with Short and Long Term Courses of Local Adrenal Steroid Therapy For Ulcerative Colitis

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(62)80117-6 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 669-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jean A. Spencer ◽

Joseph B. Kirsner

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Steroid Therapy ◽

Adrenal Steroid ◽

Short And Long Term

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Short- and Long-Term Results of Total vs Subtotal Thyroid- ectomies in the Surgical Treatment of Graves' Disease

Swiss Surgery ◽

10.1024/1023-9332.7.1.20 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 20-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Robert ◽

Mariéthoz ◽

Pache ◽

Bertin ◽

Caulfield ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Nerve Palsy ◽

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Short And Long Term

Objective: Approximately one out of five patients with Graves' disease (GD) undergoes a thyroidectomy after a mean period of 18 months of medical treatment. This retrospective and non-randomized study from a teaching hospital compares short- and long-term results of total (TT) and subtotal thyroidectomies (ST) for this disease. Methods: From 1987 to 1997, 94 patients were operated for GD. Thirty-three patients underwent a TT (mostly since 1993) and 61 a ST (keeping 4 to 8 grams of thyroid tissue - mean 6 g). All patients had received propylthiouracil and/or neo-mercazole and were in a euthyroid state at the time of surgery; they also took potassium iodide (lugol) for ten days before surgery. Results: There were no deaths. Transient hypocalcemia (< 3 months) occurred in 32 patients (15 TT and 17 ST) and persistent hypocalcemia in 8 having had TT. Two patients developed transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after ST (< 3 months). After a median follow-up period of seven years (1-15) with five patients lost to follow-up, 41 patients having had a ST are in a hypothyroid state (73%), thirteen are euthyroid (23%), and two suffered recurrent hyperthyroidism, requiring completion of thyroidectomy. All 33 patients having had TT - with follow-ups averaging two years (0.5-8) - are receiving thyroxin substitution. Conclusions: There were no instances of persistent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in either group, but persistent hypoparathyroidism occurred more frequently after TT. Long after ST, hypothyroidism developed in nearly three of four cases, whereas euthyroidy was maintained in only one-fourth; recurrent hyperthyroidy was rare.

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