CHILD ADOPTION BY UNMARRIED PERSON IN THE INDONESIAN CIVIL LAW SYSTEM

Adoption is carried out by a legally married couple and could also be done by someone who does not want to build a household but still wants to have children as successors and who would take care of them in the future as a single parent. Article 10 paragraph (3) of the Regulation of the Minister of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 110/HUK/2009 concerning Child Adoption Requirements states that child adoption through a childcare institution could be carried out firstly by a prospective foster parent. Prospective Foster Parents have been legally married for a minimum of five years, as stated in Article 20 letter e of the Regulation of the Minister of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 110/HUK/2009. In this research journal, we would discuss the issue of Child Adoption by Non-Marriage Person. This study focuses on normative legal research that examines the content of legislation. This legal research was conducted with two approaches consisting of a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Researchers would find ideas that provide legal understanding, legal concepts, and legal principles. This research concludes that adoption could be carried out by married couples and non-married person/single parent. It is referred to Government Regulation Number 54 of 2007 concerning Adoption of Children. This regulation is reinforced by the issuance of Circular Letter of the Supreme Court (SEMA) Number 6 of 1983 explaining that it is possible for Indonesian citizens who are unmarried, have been married, or a single parent, to adopt a child.

The Influence of Single Parent Parenting in Forming Early Childhood Independence

This study aimed to determine the effect of single parent parenting in shaping early childhood independence. This research used a qualitative approach through a case study, and data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation analysis. The results showed that single parent parenting affected the formation of early childhood independence. According to the results, children who were cared for in democratic parenting tended to have an independent attitude, be responsible, have the courage to take risks, and could develop self-confidence, demonstrate learning achievement and develop their potential. Meanwhile, children who were cared for with permissive parenting tended to be less independent, slower, have low motivation, and lack self-control and confidence. Keywords: parenting, single parents, independence, early childhood

Early childhood family background predicts meal frequency behaviour in children: Five-year follow-up study

Aims: Childhood nutrition patterns have an important role in later health. We studied the role of family type, other family background factors and their changes over a five-year follow-up with respect to meal frequency among children. Methods: Longitudinal data were collected in 2007–2009 and 2013–2014. A nationally representative sample of Finnish children ( n = 1822) aged 0.5–5 years at baseline and 5–10 years at follow-up and their families were used. The participation rate was 83% at baseline and 54% at follow-up. Meal frequency was defined as four to six meals per day. The associations of meal frequency with family background factors over a five-year follow-up period were examined by bivariate and multivariate regression analyses. Results: Eighty-nine per cent of the 5–10-year-old boys and girls had the recommended meal frequency at follow-up. Living in a single-parent family at baseline increased the risk of not eating the recommended number of meals compared with those living in intact families. After adjustments, a mother’s low level of education (OR 0.51, CI 0.29–0.93) and a decrease in income sufficiency (OR 0.54, CI 0.35–0.84) during the follow-up period were unfavourably associated with the recommended meal frequency. The difference between children in stable single-parent, reconstituted or joint physical custody families and those living in stable intact families remained significant when controlling for other variables. Conclusions: Single-parent families with a low socioeconomic position represent important target groups for interventions designed to promote regular meal frequency.

Wealth of children from single-parent families: Low levels and high inequality in Germany

Families’ economic wealth is a resource that can provide children with crucial advantages early in their lives. Prior research identified substantial variation of wealth levels between different family types with children from single-parent families being most disadvantaged. The causes of this disadvantage, how much the disadvantage varies between children and how the non-resident parents’ wealth may potentially reduce the disadvantage remain unclear. To address these research gaps, we use data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (2002–17) to examine the level of and inequality in wealth for children from single-parent families using recentred influence function regression and decomposition analysis. We replicate earlier findings of a large wealth disadvantage for children in single-parent families. We find that the wealth disadvantage can be mainly explained with compositional differences in household income and employment characteristics. Beyond level differences, inequality between children from single-parent families is higher than for other family types and this inequality can only partly be explained by observed demographic and socio-economic characteristics. When considering the wealth of non-resident parents, the wealth disadvantage of children in single-parent families is reduced but remains substantial. JEL-codes: D31, D1, J1

Features of manifestations of anxiety conditions of primary schoolchildren from incomplete families: empirical experience

In the article notes the relevance of the problem of manifestations of anxiety states in junior schoolchildren from single-parent families. The essence of anxiety as an emotional state (the experience of emotional discomfort associated with the expectation of trouble) and a personality trait (an increased tendency to feel safe in any life situations) is revealed. The results of the study of anxiety states in junior schoolchildren from single-parent families, which made it possible to determine the high level of manifestation of anxiety in various life situations and to highlight the dominant factors of its formation, are presented.

Usaha Ibu Single Parent dalam Mendidik Akhlak Anak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui permasalahan akhlak anak dalam keluarga single parent. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan studi kasus. Sumber data penelitian diambil melalui wawancara mendalam kepada sepuluh informan yang sudah terpilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Secara keseluruhan hasil penelitian mendapati delapan permasalahan akhak anak. Delapan permasalahan tersebut dikelompokkan kepada dua aspek yaitu 1) tidak patuh terhadap orang tua, 2) permasalahan kepribadian seperti, i) berjudi, ii) berkelahi, iii) mencuri, iv) bergaul bebas, v) terpengaruh game online. vi) cenderung berbohong, vii) pacaran