scholarly journals Mild inflammation causes a reduction in resting-state amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation in healthy adult males

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 239821282094935
Author(s):  
Kristian Stefanov ◽  
John McLean ◽  
Becky Allan ◽  
Jonathan Cavanagh ◽  
Rajeev Krishnadas
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Lower Amplitude ◽  
Frequency Fluctuations ◽  
The Right

Systemic inflammation has been associated with negative mood states and human sickness behaviour. Previous studies have shown an association between systemic inflammation and changes in task-related blood-oxygen-level-dependent activity and functional connectivity within large-scale networks. However, no study has examined the effect of inflammation on the magnitude of blood-oxygen-level-dependent low-frequency fluctuations at rest. We used a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design to randomise 20 male subjects (aged 20–50 years) to receive either a Salmonella typhi vaccine or a placebo saline injection at two separate sessions. All participants underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance scan and a measure of inflammation (interleukin 6) and mood (Profile of Mood States) 3 h after injection. We compared the whole brain amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations between the vaccine and placebo conditions using a repeated measures design. Vaccine condition was associated with greater interleukin 6 levels (p < 0.001). Vaccine condition was also associated with lower amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the right and left frontal pole, superior frontal gyrus, paracingulate gyrus (Cluster 1) and the right mid and inferior frontal gyrus (Cluster 2) (p < 0.001, false discovery rate corrected). Lower amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations pertaining to first cluster correlated with greater total Profile of Mood States score (worse mood) (r = −0.38; p = 0.04). These results imply possible excitation/inhibition imbalance mechanisms during inflammation that may be a relevant target in psychiatric disease, especially mood disorders.

scholarly journals Language supplementary motor area syndrome correlated with dynamic changes in perioperative task-based functional MRI activations: case report

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Quirarte ◽  
Vinodh A. Kumar ◽  
Ho-Ling Liu ◽  
Kyle R. Noll ◽  
Jeffrey S. Wefel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Anterior Aspect ◽  
Sma Syndrome ◽  
The Right

Supplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome is well known; however, the mechanism underlying recovery from language SMA syndrome is unclear. Herein the authors report the case of a right-handed woman with speech aphasia following resection of an oligodendroglioma located in the anterior aspect of the left superior frontal gyrus. The patient exhibited language SMA syndrome, and functional MRI (fMRI) findings 12 days postoperatively demonstrated a complete shift of blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) activation to the contralateral right language SMA/pre-SMA as well as coequal activation and an increased volume of activation in the left Broca’s area and the right Broca’s homolog. The authors provide, to the best of their knowledge, the first description of dynamic changes in task-based hemispheric language BOLD fMRI activations across the preoperative, immediate postoperative, and more distant postoperative settings associated with the development and subsequent complete resolution of the clinical language SMA syndrome.

scholarly journals Differential effects of anesthetics on resting state functional connectivity in the mouse

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 875-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Xie ◽  
David Y Chung ◽  
Sreekanth Kura ◽  
Kazutaka Sugimoto ◽  
Sanem A Aykan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Chloral Hydrate ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Intrinsic Signal ◽  
Optical Intrinsic Signal ◽  
Important Approach

Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) is a standard approach to examine resting state functional connectivity (RSFC), but fMRI in animal models is challenging. Recently, functional optical intrinsic signal imaging—which relies on the same hemodynamic signal underlying BOLD fMRI—has been developed as a complementary approach to assess RSFC in mice. Since it is difficult to ensure that an animal is in a truly resting state while awake, RSFC measurements under anesthesia remain an important approach. Therefore, we systematically examined measures of RSFC using non-invasive, widefield optical intrinsic signal imaging under five different anesthetics in male C57BL/6J mice. We find excellent seed-based, global, and interhemispheric connectivity using tribromoethanol (Avertin) and ketamine–xylazine, comparable to results in the literature including awake animals. Urethane anesthesia yielded intermediate results, while chloral hydrate and isoflurane were both associated with poor RSFC. Furthermore, we found a correspondence between the strength of RSFC and the power of low-frequency hemodynamic fluctuations. In conclusion, Avertin and ketamine–xylazine provide robust and reproducible measures of RSFC in mice, whereas chloral hydrate and isoflurane do not.

scholarly journals Subcortical connectivity in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva R. Kenny ◽  
John T. O'Brien ◽  
Michael J. Firbank ◽  
Andrew M. Blamire
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Bold Signal ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level

BackgroundResting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be used to measure correlations in spontaneous low-frequency fluctuations in the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal which represent functional connectivity between key brain areas.AimsTo investigate functional connectivity with regions hypothesised to be differentially affected in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) compared with Alzheimer's disease and controls.MethodFifteen participants with probable DLB, 16 with probable Alzheimer's disease and 16 controls were scanned in the resting-state using a 3T scanner. The BOLD signal time-series of fluctuations in seed regions were correlated with all other voxels to measure functional connectivity.ResultsParticipants with DLB and Alzheimer's disease showed greater caudate and thalamic connectivity compared with controls. Those with DLB showed greater putamen connectivity compared with those with Alzheimer's disease and the controls. No regions showed less connectivity in DLB or Alzheimer's disease v. controls, or in DLB v. Alzheimer's disease.ConclusionsAltered connectivity in DLB and Alzheimer's disease provides new insights into the neurobiology of these disorders and may aid in earlier diagnosis.

scholarly journals Differential Modulating Effect of Acupuncture in Patients With Migraine Without Aura: A Resting Functional Magnetic Resonance Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Liu ◽  
Shilei Luo ◽  
Tianwei Yan ◽  
Wen Ma ◽  
Xiangyu Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Migraine Group

Introduction: Migraine is a recurrent neurological disorder, the symptoms of which can be significantly relieved by acupuncture. However, the central mechanism via which acupuncture exerts its therapeutic effect in migraine is unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the differences in regional homogeneity (ReHo) between patients with migraine without aura (MwoA) and healthy controls (HCs) and to explore the immediate and cumulative therapeutic effect of acupuncture in patients with MwoA using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Methods: The study subjects were 40 patients with MwoA and 16 matched HCs. The patients with MwoA received acupuncture on 2 days per week for 6 weeks for a total of 12 sessions followed by 24 weeks of follow-up. The primary clinical efficacy outcomes were the number of days with migraine and the average severity of headache. Secondary outcomes were the Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores. In the migraine group, resting-state blood-oxygen-level-dependent fMRI scans were obtained at baseline and after the first and 12th acupuncture sessions to measure the ReHo value. In the HCs, only a baseline resting-state blood-oxygen-level-dependent fMRI scan was obtained.Results: Compared with the control group, the migraine group had a significantly lower ReHo value in the cerebellum, which increased after the first acupuncture session. Long-term acupuncture significantly improved migraine symptoms and mood with a therapeutic effect that lasted for at least 6 months. After 12 acupuncture sessions, there were significant increase of cerebellum and angular gyrus in the migraine group.Conclusion: These findings suggest that migraine is related to cerebellar dysfunction. Acupuncture can relieve the symptoms of migraine, improve dysfunction of cerebellum, and activate brain regions involved in modulation of pain and emotion The cumulative therapeutic effect of acupuncture is more extensive and significant than its immediate effect.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic response function in resting brain: disambiguating neural events and autonomic effects

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guorong Wu ◽  
Daniele Marinazzo
Keyword(s):  
Point Process ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Hemodynamic Response ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Bold Signal ◽  
Hemodynamic Response Function ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level

It has been shown that resting state brain dynamics can be characterized by looking at sparse blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) events, which can be retrieved by point process analysis. Cardiac activity can also induce changes in the BOLD signal, thus affect both the number of these events and the mapping between neural events and BOLD signal, namely the hemodynamic response. To isolate neural activity and autonomic effects, we compare the resting state hemodynamic response retrieved by means of a point process analysis with and without deconvolving the cardiac fluctuations. Brainstem and the surrounding cortical area (such as precuneus, insula etc.) are found to be significantly affected by cardiac pulses. Methodological and physiological implications are then discussed.

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