scholarly journals Modelling residential land values using geographic and geometric accessibility in Guatemala City

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Morales ◽  
Johannes Flacke ◽  
Jaap Zevenbergen
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Guatemala City ◽  
Residential Land ◽  
Geographic Access ◽  
Parsimonious Model

Location and accessibility are core concepts for land-value research. However, the perspective is still limited in their conceptual and methodological application to cities from the Global South. The objective of this research is to bridge concepts and definitions to comprehensively operationalize accessibility indicators and uncover its relation with residential land-values in Guatemala City. We developed a multivariate regression model using the following access metrics: (1) geographic-access indices that were computed using time-based analyses per transport mode; (2) geometric-access metrics estimated via Space Syntax at various spatial scales; (3) a proposed geometric via geographic-access metric computed as potential access to network centrality. A variable selection process allowed to assess the information contribution of each variable in building a parsimonious model. We assessed the model in the context of model variations that represent common approaches used in existing literature. Geographic access to the core business district has the highest impact on the land-values, followed by proximity to urban areas with high geometric-access, measured as geometric via geographic access. Geometric accessibility at neighbourhood and city-wide scales add spatialized information that contributes to a parsimonious model and reduces spatial dependence. The model yielded the highest goodness of fit and prediction accuracy compared with the model variations. We concluded that Guatemala City land-values follow a predominant monocentric structure. Additionally, potential access to vital urban areas as identified via Space Syntax denotes the presence of economic activities, or potential for such, which were not explicitly addressed through the geographic-access metrics. The results have limitations but pose methodological possibilities relevant for research and practice in similar Latin American cities.

scholarly journals Urban Structure in Troubled Times: The Evolution of Principal and Secondary Core/Periphery Gaps through the Prism of Residential Land Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5722
Author(s):  
Erez Buda ◽  
Dani Broitman ◽  
Daniel Czamanski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hedonic Model ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Residential Real Estate ◽  
Residential Land ◽  
Ideal Candidate ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Spatial Level

The structure of modern cities is characterized by the uneven spatial distribution of people and activities. Contrary to economic theory, it is neither evenly distributed nor entirely monocentric. The observed reality is the result of various feedbacks in the context of the interactions of attraction and repulsion. Heretofore, there is no agreement concerning the means to measuring the dimensions of these interactions, nor the framework for explaining them. We propose a simple model and an associated method for testing the interactions using residential land values. We claim that land values reflect the attractiveness of each location, including its observable and unobservable characteristics. We extract land values from prices of residences by applying a dedicated hedonic model to extensive residential real estate transaction data at a detailed spatial level. The resulting land values reflect the attractiveness of each urban location and are an ideal candidate to measure the degree of centrality or peripherality of each location. Moreover, assessment of land values over time indicates ongoing centralization and peripheralization processes. Using the urban structure of a small and highly urbanized country as a test case, this paper illustrates how the dynamics of the gap between central and peripheral urban areas can be assessed.

scholarly journals All urban areas’ energy use data across 640 districts in India for the year 2011

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangkang Tong ◽  
Ajay Singh Nagpure ◽  
Anu Ramaswami
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
State Level ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Energy Transitions ◽  
Urban Energy Use ◽  
Urban Energy

AbstractIndia is the third-largest contributor to global energy-use and anthropogenic carbon emissions. India’s urban energy transitions are critical to meet its climate goals due to the country’s rapid urbanization. However, no baseline urban energy-use dataset covers all Indian urban districts in ways that align with national totals and integrate social-economic-infrastructural attributes to inform such transitions. This paper develops a novel bottom-up plus top-down approach, comprehensively integrating multiple field surveys and utilizing machine learning, to model All Urban areas’ Energy-use (AllUrE) across all 640 districts in India, merged with social-economic-infrastructural data. Energy use estimates in this AllUrE-India dataset are evaluated by comparing with reported energy-use at three scales: nation-wide, state-wide, and city-level. Spatially granular AllUrE data aggregated nationally show good agreement with national totals (<2% difference). The goodness-of-fit ranged from 0.78–0.95 for comparison with state-level totals, and 0.90–0.99 with city-level data for different sectors. The relatively strong alignment at all three spatial scales demonstrates the value of AllUrE-India data for modelling urban energy transitions consistent with national energy and climate goals.

scholarly journals Residential Land Values in Urbanizing Areas

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis K. Kaltsas ◽  
Darrell J. Bosch ◽  
Anya McGuirk
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Model Estimation ◽  
Hedonic Models ◽  
Lot Size ◽  
Soil Permeability ◽  
Residential Land ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Parcel Size

Zoning decisions related to residential lot size and density affect residential land value. Effects of size on residential parcel value in Roanoke County, VA, are estimated with fixed effects hedonic models. Parcel size; elevation; soil permeability; proximity to urban areas, malls, and roads; and location influence parcel value, but the effects vary by value of construction and development status. Parcel value per square meter declines with increasing parcel size. The estimated relationships could be used to evaluate zoning decisions in terms of land values and tax revenues if model estimation uncertainties and responses by developers to zoning strategies are considered.

Residential Land Values in the Washington, DC Metro Area: New Insights from Big Data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris A. Davis ◽  
Stephen D. Oliner ◽  
Edward Pinto ◽  
Sankar Bokka
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Residential Land ◽  
Metro Area

scholarly journals The Impact of the Ring Roads on the Location Pattern of Shops in Town and City Centres. A Space Syntax Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3927
Author(s):  
Akkelies van Nes
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Location Pattern ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
City Centres

This contribution demonstrates how inner ring roads change the location pattern of shops in urban areas with the application of the space syntax method. A market rational behaviour persists, in that shop owners always search for an optimal location to reach as many customers as possible. If the accessibility to this optimal location is affected by changes in a city’s road and street structure, it will affect the location pattern of shops. Initially, case studies of inner ring road projects in Birmingham, Coventry, Wolverhampton, Bristol, Tampere, and Mannheim show how their realisation affect the spatial structure of the street network of these cities and the location pattern of shops. The results of the spatial integration analyses of the street and road network are discussed with reference to changes in land-use before and after the implementation of ring roads, and current space syntax theories. As the results show, how an inner ring road is connected to and the type of the street network it is imposed upon dictates the resulting location pattern of shops. Shops locate and relocate themselves along the most spatially-integrated streets. Evidence on how new road projects influence the location pattern of shops in urban centres are useful for planning sustainable city centres.

scholarly journals Taking Implementation Seriously in the Evaluation of Urban Growth Management Strategies: “Safeguarding the Future” of the Antwerp City-Region

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Clemens de Olde ◽  
Stijn Oosterlynck
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Growth Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
The Future ◽  
Urban Growth Management

Contemporary evaluations of urban growth management (UGM) strategies often take the shape of quantitative measurements of land values and housing prices. In this paper, we argue that it is of key importance that these evaluations also analyse the policy formulation and implementation phases of growth management strategies. It is in these phases that the institutions and discourses are (trans)formed in which UGM strategies are embedded. This will enable us to better understand the conditions for growth management policies’ success or failure. We illustrate this point empirically with the case of demarcating urban areas in the region of Flanders, Belgium. Using the Policy Arrangement Approach, the institutional dynamics and discursive meanings in this growth instrument’s formulation and implementation phase are unravelled. More specifically, we explain how the Flemish strategic spatial planning vision of restraining sprawl was transformed into one of accommodating growth in the demarcation of the Antwerp Metropolitan Area, epitomised by two different meanings of the phrase “safeguarding the future.” In conclusion, we argue that, in Antwerp, the demarcation never solidified into a stable policy arrangement, rendering it largely ineffective. We end by formulating three recommendations to contribute to future attempts at managing urban growth in Flanders.

scholarly journals A Cumulative Rainfall Function for Subhourly Design Storm in Mediterranean Urban Areas

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Carbone ◽  
Michele Turco ◽  
Giuseppe Brunetti ◽  
Patrizia Piro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Rainfall Time Series ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Design Storm ◽  
Double Exponential ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Precipitation Records

Design storms are very useful in many hydrological and hydraulic practices and are obtained from statistical analysis of precipitation records. However considering design storms, which are often quite unlike the natural rainstorms, may result in designing oversized or undersized drainage facilities. For these reasons, in this study, a two-parameter double exponential function is proposed to parameterize historical storm events. The proposed function has been assessed against the storms selected from 5-year rainfall time series with a 1-minute resolution, measured by three meteorological stations located in Calabria, Italy. In particular, a nonlinear least square optimization has been used to identify parameters. In previous studies, several evaluation methods to measure the goodness of fit have been used with excellent performances. One parameter is related to the centroid of the rain distribution; the second one is related to high values of the standard deviation of the kurtosis for the selected events. Finally, considering the similarity between the proposed function and the Gumbel function, the two parameters have been computed with the method of moments; in this case, the correlation values were lower than those computed with nonlinear least squares optimization but sufficiently accurate for designing purposes.

scholarly journals Land Use Dynamics and Variations in Sprawl across Municipalities in the Bamenda Urban-scape from 1996-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Fombe Lawrence F. ◽  
Acha Mildred E.
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Land Use Dynamics ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analyses

Worldwide urban areas are having increasing influence over the surrounding landscape. Peri-urban regions of the world are facing challenges which results from sprawl with increasing problems of social segregation, wasted land and greater distance to work. This study seeks to examine the trends in land use dynamics, urban sprawl and associated development implications in the Bamenda Municipalities from 1996 to 2018. The study made use of the survey, historical and correlational research designs. The purposive and snowball techniques were used to collect data. Spatiotemporal analyses were carried out on Landsat Images for 1996, 2008, and 2018 obtained from Earth Explorer, Erdas Image 2014 and changes detected from the maps digitized. The SPSS version 21 and MS Excel 2016 were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data. The former employed the Pearson correlation analysis. Analysis of land use/land cover change detection reveals that built-up area has increased significantly from 1996 to 2018 at the detriment of forest, wetland and agricultural land at different rates within each municipality. These changes have led to invasion of risk zones, high land values, uncoordinated, uncontrolled and unplanned urban growth. The study suggests that proactive planning, use of GIS to monitor land use activities, effective implementation of existing town planning norms and building regulations, are invaluable strategies to sustainably manage urban growth in Bamenda.

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