scholarly journals An Experimental Swallow Evoked Potential Protocol to Investigate the Neural Substrates of Swallowing

OTO Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 2473974X2091354
Author(s):  
Ashley Kloepper ◽  
Joseph Arnold ◽  
Alexis Ruffolo ◽  
Brian Kinealy ◽  
Chandler Haxton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Sensory Evoked Potential ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Sensory Evoked

Advancement in dysphagia intervention is hindered by our lack of understanding of the neural mechanisms of swallowing in health and disease. Evoking and understanding neural activity in response to normal and disordered swallowing is essential to bridge this knowledge gap. Building on sensory evoked potential methodology, we developed a minimally invasive approach to generate swallow evoked potentials (SwEPs) in response to repetitive swallowing induced by citric acid stimulation of the oropharynx in lightly anesthetized healthy adult rats. The SwEP waveform consisted of 8 replicable peaks within 10 milliseconds immediately preceding the onset of electromyographic swallowing activity. Methodology refinement is underway with healthy rats to establish normative SwEP waveform morphology before proceeding to models of advanced aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Ultimately, we envision that this experimental protocol may unmask the pathologic neural substrates contributing to dysphagia to accelerate the discovery of targeted therapeutics.

Detection of Largyneal Sensory-Evoked Potentials (LSEPs) in the Cat

1993 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-752
Author(s):  
Tsuyako Fukuyama ◽  
Toshiro Umezaki ◽  
Takemoto Shin
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Less Invasive ◽  
Sensory Evoked Potential ◽  
Laryngeal Mucosa ◽  
Disk Electrodes ◽  
Sensory Evoked

We previously reported on evoked potentials elicited by electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve at an appropriate site on the dural surface as a reflection of activities in the brain stem and cortex in anesthetized cats. This evoked potential was called the laryngeal sensory evoked potential (LSEP). In this study we attempted to establish a less invasive procedure for measuring LSEP. The procedures were recording on the scalp using chloride-coated silver disk electrodes and stimulation by insertion of a bipolar platinum hooked wire electrode into the laryngeal mucosa. Evoked potentials could be detected using these less invasive procedures. The response morphologies and relative timing of LSEP components were quite similar for each method in a given cat. However, the amplitudes were slightly lower and the latencies were slightly prolonged with the less invasive techniques. These results suggest that this LSEP method might be applicable to human beings as a noninvasive method for evaluating the function of the laryngeal sensory pathway

Test-Retest Reliability of the Vestibular Sensory-Evoked Potential (VsEP) in C57BL/6J Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 059-067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Honaker ◽  
Choongheon Lee ◽  
Robin E. Criter ◽  
Timothy A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Response Latency ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Sensory Evoked Potential ◽  
Skin Electrodes ◽  
Sensory Evoked ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background: The vestibular sensory-evoked potential (VsEP) is an electrical potential that provides a direct test of vestibular function in animals. VsEP recordings are carried out using subcutaneous stainless steel electrodes placed over the nuchal crest (noninverting), behind either the left or right pinna (inverting), and at the hip (ground). A noninvasive head clip is used to secure the head to a mechanical shaker for delivery of a linear vestibular stimulus measured in units of jerk (g/msec). Frequent repositioning of the noninvasive head clip and skin electrodes may be necessary during recording for particular protocols; however, the test-retest reliability of the VsEP response (latency, amplitude, and threshold) has not been determined. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the possible effects of frequent repositioning of the noninvasive head clip and skin electrodes on VsEP response parameters (latencies, amplitudes, and thresholds). We hypothesize that the VsEP response will remain stable and reliable with such repeated measurements in a given animal across time. Research Design: Linear VsEP responses were recorded from ten C57 mice (ages: 2.45 mo ±0.20; weights: 17.94 g ±1.51). Two standard threshold protocols and four repeated VsEP measurements at +6 dB re: 1.0 g/msec were performed, with four selected time points of head clip repositioning. In addition, three novice investigators performed measurements of noninverting electrode placement and head clip positioning. Results: VsEP response latency, amplitude, and threshold means did not significantly change with frequent repositioning of the head clip and skin electrodes; however, increased variability was observed. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that repositioning does not introduce significant changes in mean parameter values of the recorded VsEP response waveform; however, mean absolute difference calculations demonstrated that frequent repositioning increased response variance. For VsEP protocols requiring frequent repositioning, standardized electrode montage, optimal placement of the noninverting electrode at the nuchal crest, and increased sample size are suggested.

scholarly journals Sensory evoked potential and effect of SS-cream in premature ejaculation

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Cheng Xin ◽  
Young Deuk Choi ◽  
Do Hwan Seong ◽  
Hyung Ki Choi
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Sensory Evoked Potential ◽  
Sensory Evoked
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