scholarly journals An automated method of differential red blood cell classification with application to the diagnosis of anemia.

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 614-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
J W Bacus ◽  
J H Weens
Keyword(s):  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Folic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Differential Analysis ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
Mean Cell Hemoglobin

A method of automated red cell analysis suitable for the rapid classification of large numbers of red cells from individual blood specimens has been developed, and preliminarily tested on normal bloods and clinically proven cases of anemias and red cell disorders. According to this method digital image processing techniques provide several features relating to shape and internal central pallor configurations of red cells. These features are used with a fully automated decision logic to rapidly provide a quantitative "red cell differential" analysis, a report of the percentage subpopulations of recognized categories of red cells. For each subpopulation, measurements of mean cell area, mean cell hemoglobin content and mean cell hemoglobin density are provided. The nine types of red cell disorders studied with this method were: (a) iron deficiency anemia, (b) the anemia of chronic disease, (c) beta-thalassemia trait, (d) sickle cell anemia, (e) hemoglobin C disease, (f) intravascular hemolysis, (g) hereditary elliptocytosis, (h) hereditary spherocytosis, and (i) megaloblastic anemia due to folic acid deficiency. Preliminary indications are that the red cell differential is useful in distinguishing between these conditions.

scholarly journals Inappropriately low red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and p50 in transfused beta-thalassemia

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-806
Author(s):  
A Correra ◽  
JH Graziano ◽  
C Seaman ◽  
S Piomelli
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
2,3 Dpg

The relationships among hemoglobin concentration (Hb), red cell 2,3- diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), and p50 were studied in 20 chronically hypertransfused patients with thalassemia major. In the nontransfused control group, which included normal individuals as well as patients with sickle cell disease or iron deficiency anemia, the Hb correlated inversely with both 2,3-DPG concentration and p50, as is well established. In contrast, however, prior to transfusion, at the nadir of Hb, patients with thalassemia major had inappropriately low 2,3-DPG concentrations and p50s. These findings occurred in all patients, regardless of whether they had received packed, leukocyte-poor, or frozen-thawed red cells. The hypothesis that the time of blood storage was a factor was excluded by repeatedly transfusing one patient with packed red cells administered within 4 hr of collection in CPDA-1. A second hypothesis, that red cell function might be impaired by the iron- overloaded thalassemic environment, was excluded by studying a newly diagnosed, newly transfused patient with aplastic anemia. In both cases, the same inability to appropriately increase 2,3-DPG and p50 as the Hb fell during the intertransfusion interval was noticed. These data suggest that red cells of chronically transfused patients are unable to adapt to the decline in Hb that occurs during the intertransfusion interval.

scholarly journals Inappropriately low red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and p50 in transfused beta-thalassemia

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Correra ◽  
JH Graziano ◽  
C Seaman ◽  
S Piomelli
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
2,3 Dpg

Abstract The relationships among hemoglobin concentration (Hb), red cell 2,3- diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), and p50 were studied in 20 chronically hypertransfused patients with thalassemia major. In the nontransfused control group, which included normal individuals as well as patients with sickle cell disease or iron deficiency anemia, the Hb correlated inversely with both 2,3-DPG concentration and p50, as is well established. In contrast, however, prior to transfusion, at the nadir of Hb, patients with thalassemia major had inappropriately low 2,3-DPG concentrations and p50s. These findings occurred in all patients, regardless of whether they had received packed, leukocyte-poor, or frozen-thawed red cells. The hypothesis that the time of blood storage was a factor was excluded by repeatedly transfusing one patient with packed red cells administered within 4 hr of collection in CPDA-1. A second hypothesis, that red cell function might be impaired by the iron- overloaded thalassemic environment, was excluded by studying a newly diagnosed, newly transfused patient with aplastic anemia. In both cases, the same inability to appropriately increase 2,3-DPG and p50 as the Hb fell during the intertransfusion interval was noticed. These data suggest that red cells of chronically transfused patients are unable to adapt to the decline in Hb that occurs during the intertransfusion interval.

scholarly journals Excess Hemolysis in Subjects with Severe Iron Deficiency Anemia Associated and Nonassociated with Hookworm Infection

Blood ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIGUEL LAYRISSE ◽  
JESÚS LINARES ◽  
MARCEL ROCHE ◽  
Adelina Ojeda ◽  
Alvaro Carstens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Intrinsic Defect ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Hookworm Infection ◽  
Iron Treatment ◽  
Red Cell Survival

Abstract An excess hemolysis was found in subjects with iron deficiency anemia associated with hookworm infection. Red cell survival, measured with Cr51 and DFP32 in the subjects before deworming, showed a marked disproportion between the decrease of the survival and the amount of daily intestinal blood loss in most cases. Excess of hemolysis was still present after more than 90 per cent of the parasites were removed. Red cell survival became normal after correction of anemia through iron treatment. Excess of hemolysis was also present in noninfected subjects with iron deficiency anemia due to other causes. The reduction in the survival of the erythrocytes from infected subjects transfused into normal recipients shows that the hemolytic process is due to an intrinsic defect of the red cells. The low values of hemoglobinemia and the presence of haptoglobins in the plasma indicate that hemoglobin has not been liberated in excess intravascularly. Finally, the fact that the red cells from an infected patient taken after deworming survived normally in splenectomized recipients indicates that the spleen is probably the principal site of the red cell destruction. The clinical and autopsy findings suggest that splenic function is not pathologically increased, but rather that this organ is acting physiologically at a more rapid rate, "culling" the abnormal circulating red cells and thus leading to a decrease in red cell survival. The studies presented here also indicate that the hookworm infection per se does not induce hemolysis.

scholarly journals PACKED RED CELL DENGAN DELTA Hb DAN JUMLAH ERITROSIT ANEMIA PENYAKIT KRONIS (Packed Red Cells with Delta Hb and Erythrocytes in Anemia of Chronic Disease)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Novita Indayanie ◽  
Banundari Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Anemia Of Chronic Disease ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Mean

Anemia chronic disease is the second common cause after iron deficiency anemia with hemoglobin levels below the referencevalue. The pathogenesis of anemia should be determined for treatment. Hematinics and or erythropoietin are other treatments besidestransfusion. The transfusion is started when Hb≤7g/dL. The PRC transfusion of 4ml/kg could increase Hb level by 1 g/dL, or 1 unit andcould increase 3–5% of hematocrit. The objective of this study was to know the correlation of PRC unit with delta Hb and erythrocytesin anemia of chronic disease. The 60 samples examined were from patients of the Kariadi Hospital Semarang suffering from anemia ofchronic disease and who were transfused with PRC from January up to March 2014. The study subjects comprised 28 men (46.7%) and32 women (53.3%), with a mean age of 47 years. The number of PRC given was between one (1) to four (4) units. The mean delta Hbwas 3.48 and the mean delta erythrocytes was about 1.03 (0.1 to 2.3). There was a significant correlation between PRC units and deltaHb (r:0.856, p:0.000), as well as delta erythrocytes (r:0.716, p:0.000). Based on this study, it can be concluded that PRC units have avery strong correlation with delta Hb and as well as with delta erythrocytes in patients suffering from anemia of chronic disease

scholarly journals Radioactive Iron Studies in Patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia with Concurrent Abnormal Hemolysis

Blood ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. VERLOOP ◽  
M. VAN DER WOLK ◽  
A. J. HEIER
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Insufficient Response ◽  
Cell Breakdown

Abstract A report is presented on two women suffering from severe iron deficiency anemia, concomitant with abnormal hemolysis. The life span of the patients’ red cells was shortened; transfused normal red cells were more rapidly broken down. Extracorpuscular factors seem to be responsible for the pathologic hemolysis. There was no pathologic sequestration of red cells labeled with Cr51 in the spleen. After incorporation of radioactive iron into the red cells, the utilization percentage of Fe59 under iron therapy fell to about 15 per cent within a few weeks. This, too, indicates that the pathologic hemolysis was to be ascribed to extracorpuscular factors. The Fe59 was apparently not sufficiently reutilized. The constantly decreased serum iron concentration might also indicate a disturbance in the reutilization of iron liberated during red cell breakdown. Six other patients with less severe iron deficiency anemia and an insufficient response to iron therapy were examined in addition. In 5 of these patients, the life span of red cells labeled with radioactive chromium was found shorter than normal. An insufficient response to iron therapy in patients with chronic iron deficiency anemia may be ascribable, in some instances, to concomitant pathologic hemolysis.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON COPPER METABOLISM. XIX

1956 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bush ◽  
W. N. Jensen ◽  
J. W. Athens ◽  
Helen Ashenbrucker ◽  
G. E. Cartwright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Copper Metabolism ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Mean

Ferrokinetic studies were performed in three copper-deficient swine and the results have been compared with similar studies in 18 normal pigs. The mean value for the plasma iron turnover rate in the deficient swine was 1.76 mg./kg. day; for the red cell iron incorporation rate, 1.24 mg./kg. day; for the red cell iron turnover rate, 1.18 mg./kg. day; for the red cell life span, 13 days. Corresponding figures in the normal swine were 1.11 mg./kg. day, 1.01 mg./kg. day, 0.59 mg./kg. day and 63 days, respectively. The red cell life span was measured by the use of radioactive chromium in a total of 26 pigs. The mean erythrocyte half-life of normal cells transfused into normal pigs was 17 days. The mean half-life of erythrocytes from copperdeficient swine transfused into copper-deficient swine was 9 days. The mean half-life of red cells from control animals transfused into copper-deficient swine was 16 days while that of erythrocytes from copper-deficient swine transfused into normal pigs, was 13 days. The mean half-life of cells from iron-deficient pigs transfused into iron-deficient pigs was 19 days. It is concluded that copper deficiency anemia results from both a shortened erythrocyte survival time and limited capacity of the bone marrow to produce red cells. It is suggested that copper is an essential component of erythrocytes in swine.

SOD2-deficiency anemia: protein oxidation and altered protein expression reveal targets of damage, stress response, and antioxidant responsiveness

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 2565-2573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Friedman ◽  
Mary F. Lopez ◽  
Mark D. Fleming ◽  
Alicia Rivera ◽  
Florent M. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Enhanced Production

Abstract SOD2 is an antioxidant protein that protects cells against mitochondrial superoxide. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) lacking SOD2 are capable of rescuing lethally irradiated hosts, but reconstituted animals display a persistent hemolytic anemia characterized by increased oxidative damage to red cells, with morphologic similarity to human “sideroblastic” anemia. We report further characterization of this novel SOD2-deficiency anemia. Electron micrographs of SOD2-deficient reticulocytes reveal striking mitochondrial proliferation and mitochondrial membrane thickening. Peripheral blood smears show abundant iron-stainable granules in mature red cells (siderocytes). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of cells labeled with oxidation-sensitive dyes demonstrates enhanced production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by SOD2-deficient cells. Oxidative damage to proteins is increased in SOD2-deficient cells, with much of the damage affecting membrane/insoluble proteins. Red cell proteome analysis demonstrates that several proteins involved in folding/chaperone function, redox regulation, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, and red cell metabolism show altered expression in SOD2-deficient cells. This data, combined with information on how protein expression levels change upon antioxidant therapy, will aid in identification of proteins that are sensitive to oxidative damage in this model, and by extension, may have a role in the regulation of red cell lifespan in other hemolytic disorders.

scholarly journals Quantitative anisocytosis as a discriminant between iron deficiency and thalassemia minor

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Bessman ◽  
DI Feinstein
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Alpha Thalassemia ◽  
Thalassemia Minor ◽  
Cell Sizing

Abstract The coefficient of variation (CV) of red cell size, as measured by electronic red cell sizing (erythrography), was less than 14.0% in 20 normal subjects. In 22 of 25 patients with beta-thalassemia minor and microcytosis (mean corpuscular volume [MCV] less than 70 fl), CV was less than 14.0%; in the other 3, CV was 14.0%--14.9%. In 53 patients with iron deficiency anemia and MCV less than 70 fl, CV always was greater than 14.0%. In 7 patients with alpha-thalassemia minor and MCV less than 70 fl, CV was less than 14.0% in all 7. Among patients with microcytosis, erythrography appears to be an excellent technique for rapidly distinguishing between iron deficiency and alpha or beta thalassemia minor.

scholarly journals Comparison of red cell distribution width and a red cell discriminant function incorporating volume dispersion for distinguishing iron deficiency from beta thalassemia trait in patients with microcytosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Silvia Passos Lima ◽  
Aparecida Ribeiro de Carvalho Reis ◽  
Helena Zerlotti Wolf Grotto ◽  
Sara Teresinha Ollala Saad ◽  
Fernando Ferreira Costa
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Microcytic Anemia ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Thalassemia Trait

The red cell distribution width (RDW), and another red cell discriminant function incorporating RDW (MCV² x RDW/Hgb x 100) were determined in a group of 30 patients with iron deficiency anemia, 30 patients with beta thalassemia trait, and 30 normal subjects. Both RDW and (MCV² x RDW/Hgb x 100) mean values were significantly higher in iron deficiency anemia than in beta thalassemia trait (p<0.001). Taking RDW equal or above 21.0 percent among microcytic anemia patients, we identified correctly 90.0 percent of patients with iron deficiency anemia. The sensitivity and specificity of the test were 90.0 percent (IC 95 percent: 0.75 - 0.96) and 77.0 percent (IC 95 percent: 0.60 - 0.88), respectively. RDW values below 21.0 percent identified correctly 77.0 percent of beta thalassemia trait with a sensitivity and a specificity of 77.0 percent (IC 95 percent: 0.60 - 0.88) and 90.0 percent (IC 95 percent: 0.75 - 0.96), respectively. Taking values of (MCV² x RDW/Hgb x 100) above and below 80.0 percent as indicative of iron deficiency and beta thalassemia trait, respectively, we identified correctly 97.0 percent of those patients in each group. Both sensitivity and specificity were 97.0 percent (IC 95 percent: 0.84 - 0.99). These results indicated that the red cell discriminant function incorporating volume dispersion (MCV² x RDW/Hgb x 100) is a highly sensitive and specific method in the initial screening of patients with microcytic anemia and is better than RDW in differentiating iron deficiency anemia from beta thalassemia trait.

scholarly journals Coexisting Iron Deficiency Anemia and Beta Thalassemia Trait: Effect of Iron Therapy on Red Cell Parameters and Hemoglobin Subtypes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarika Verma ◽  
Ruchika Gupta ◽  
Madhur Kudesia ◽  
Alka Mathur ◽  
Gopal Krishan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Oral Iron Therapy ◽  
Thalassemia Trait

Background. Coexistence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and beta thalassemia trait (BTT) has been the topic of few studies. However, no study from our country was found evaluating the effect of iron therapy in patients with concomitant IDA and BTT. Methods. Over a period of two years, 30 patients with concomitant IDA and BTT were included. All the patients had a complete blood count, serum iron studies, and thalassemia screening using BIORADTM hemoglobin testing system. The patients received oral iron therapy in appropriate dosages for a period of twenty weeks, after which all the investigations were repeated. Appropriate statistical methods were applied for comparison of pre- and posttherapy data. Results. All except two patients were adults with a marked female preponderance. Oral iron therapy led to statistically significant improvement in hemoglobin, red cell indices (P<0.05), and marked change in serum iron, ferritin, and HbA2 levels (P<0.001). There was a significant reduction in the total iron binding capacity levels. Conclusion. The present study shows the frequent occurrence of iron deficiency anemia in patients with beta thalassemia trait, which can potentially confound the diagnosis of the latter. Hence, iron deficiency should be identified and rectified in patients with suspicion of beta thalassemia trait.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document