In Vitro Color Flow, Pulsed and Continuous Wave Doppler Ultrasound Masking of Flow by Prosthetic Valves

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-263
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Prosthetic Valves ◽  
Continuous Wave Doppler

The Physics of Ultrasound

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry van Rensburg ◽  
Andrew Smith ◽  
Ben O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Doppler Frequency ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Continuous Wave Doppler ◽  
Physical Principles

Clinical ultrasound has attained significant importance for the practising anesthesiologist. Its applications reach far and wide in anatomic and physiologic diagnosis, and it is a powerful adjunct for guiding interventional procedures. This article describes the physical principles that allow for the generation of ultrasound, its transmission and reflection from within the body, and generation of the ultrasound images used in daily practice. We not only review definitions of important technical terms but also provide synonyms in plain language, as jargon often presents a barrier to grasping basic and fundamental principles. Furthermore, we review the mathematical and physical principles that facilitate the generation of Doppler modes, such as pulsed wave, continuous wave, color flow. Clinically safe practice requires that all data be interpreted in the light of the technology’s shortcomings; we additionally review the common pitfalls and artifacts encountered in the use of this imaging modality. This review contains 16 figures, 1 table, and 5 references. Keywords: attenuation, continuous wave Doppler, Doppler, frequency, imaging artefacts, physics, pulsed-wave Doppler, ultrasound

A New Automated Method for the Quantification of Mitral Regurgitant Volume and Dynamic Regurgitant Orifice Area based on a Normalized Centerline Velocity Distribution using Color M-mode and Continuous Wave Doppler Imaging

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Deserranno ◽  
Neil L. Greenberg ◽  
James D. Thomas ◽  
Mario J. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Valvular Regurgitation ◽  
Regurgitant Volume ◽  
New Model ◽  
Continuous Wave Doppler ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Previous echocardiographic techniques for quantifying valvular regurgitation (PISA) are limited by factors including uncertainties in orifice location and hemispheric convergence assumption. Using computational fluid dynamics simulations, we developed a new model for the estimation of orifice diameter and regurgitant volume without the aforementioned assumptions of the PISA technique. Using experimental data obtained from the in vitro flow model we successfully validated our new model. The model output (y) and reference (x) values were in close agreement (y=0.95x+0.38,r=0.96,error=1.68±7.54% for the orifice diameter and y=1.18x−4.72,r=0.93,error=6.48±16.81% for the regurgitant volume).

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