Usefulness of Wharton’s Jelly, Cord Blood, and Adipose Tissue as Alternative Sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 4250-4250
Author(s):  
Jun Ho Jang ◽  
Hyun Woo Lee ◽  
Young-Woo Eom ◽  
Seok Yun Kang ◽  
Joon Seong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Alternative Sources

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a highly promising source of adult stem cells for purposes of cell therapy and tissue repair in the field of regenerative medicine. Although the most studied and accessible source of MSC is the bone marrow, the clinical use of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) has presented problems, including pain, morbidity, and low cell number upon harvest. For those reasons, we isolated, cultured, and characterized MSCs from a number of tissues; including wharton’s jelly, cord blood, and adipose tissues that were discarded routinely in the past, and evaluated the usefulness of these MSCs compared to BMSCs. Proliferation ability of Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs), Cord blood-derived MSCs (CB-MSCs), or adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ASCs) was lost at passage 8–10 (22–27 population doubling), passage 7–10, or passage 7–12 (45–50 population doubling), respectively. WJ-MSCs, CB-MSCs, and ASCs expressed CD73, CD90, and CD105, CD90, CD105, and CD166, and CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD166, respectively, were absent for CD14, CD31, and CD45, and differentiated into osteoblast, adipocyte, and chondrogenic lineages under appropriate culture condition. In this study, like BMSCs, WJ-MSCs, CB-MSCs, and ASCs expressed similar cell surface antigens, were able to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages, and possessed highly proliferation potential. Therefore, MSCs isolated from wharton’s jelly, cord blood, and adipose tissue may become useful alternative sources of MSCs to cell therapy and tissue repair in the field of regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Comparison between Mesenchymal Stem Cells obtained from Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue and Wharton Gelatin according to the ISCT Criteria

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
A. Parra-Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cellular Therapy ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue ◽  
Marrow Adipose Tissue

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a heterogeneous population with the capacity to self-renew and differentiate into different cell types. At the middle of the last century these cells initially were described in bone marrow (BM), thence this tissue has become the gold standard for obtaining and characterization of MSC. It is known that these cells are housed in specific areas called niches distributed throughout all body, where they contribute to tissue regeneration processes of self-tissue were they are located. However, finding an alternative source of CTM with the same characteristics that have showed in MO, but its obtention no represent a risk since the donor is essential to their use for therapeutic purposes. In this study we isolated mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue and Wharton’s jelly and they were compared in their characteristics in according to the standards of the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). The results showed that the morphology as well as adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation and also the expression of surface antigens (CD90, CD73, and CD105) from all tissues accomplished the standards, although Wharton’s jelly represented the best option.

384 ISOLATION OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS FROM WHARTON'S JELLY, CORD BLOOD, AND AMNIOTIC FLUID IN THE HORSE

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Iacono ◽  
L. Brunori ◽  
A. Pirrone ◽  
B. Merlo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Orthopedic Injuries ◽  
Alternative Sources

The effect of orthopedic injuries on the health of racehorse and racing financials can be dramatic. Bearing this in mind, there is naturally a great interest in new possible treatments for orthopedic injuries. In this study we evaluated equine amniotic fluid (AF), cord blood (CB), and Wharton’s jelly (WJ) as alternative sources of primitive, multipotent stem cells. All chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) unless otherwise stated. Samples were recovered at labor from 7 standardbred mares with ages between 6 and 15 years. Wharton’s jelly was incubated with collagenasis at 37°C for at least 2 hr. The resulting cell suspension was centrifuged, and the cell pellet was resuspended in culture medium (DMEM and TCM-199, 1:1) plus 10% FBS (GIBCO®, Invitrogen Corporation, Carlsbad, CA, USA), 100 IU mL-1 penicillin, and 100 μg mL-1 streptomycin). Amniotic fluid and CB were diluted 1:1 in PBS medium supplemented with antibiotic solution and centrifuged for 15 min at 300 x g. The pellet was resuspended in 5 mL of culture medium, placed on 5 mL of 70% Percoll solution, and centrifuged at 1200 x g for 30 min. The interface layer was then aspirated and resuspended in culture medium. All the cell lineages were washed seeded into 25 cm2 flasks and cultured in a 5% CO2 incubator at 38.5°C. Medium was refreshed after 48 h and then twice a week. Adherent fibroblast-like cells were tested for their differentiation potential at passage 3. Chondrogenic differentiation was performed using a micromass culture technique, whereas osteogenic differentiation was induced in monolayer culture (Mizuno H and Hyakusoku H 2003 J. Nippon Med. Sch. 70, 300-306). Evidence for differentiation was made via morphological, biochemical, and cytological evaluations. Sample volume was 15-55 mL for AF, 10-60 mL for CB, and 5-12.6 g for WJ. In 4 out of 6 (66.7%) AF, 5 out of 5 (100%) CB, and 6 out of 7 (85.7%) WJ samples, colonies with the classical mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) morphology of adherent fibroblastoid spindle-shaped cells growing in a monolayer were observed. Undifferentiated cells have been passaged up to 8 times, population-doubling times (DT) were calculated for a subset of cell passages, and data were analyzed by ANOVA (Statistica for Windows, Stat Soft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA). In all samples, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between DT of all passages. The DT was greater (P < 0.05) forCB (2.6 ± 1.3 d) than for AF (2.1 ± 0.8 d) and WJ (1.9 ± 0.5 d). By passage 8, the cells had undergone 39.1 ± 1.2 cell-doubling numbers in AF, 35.1 ± 2.7 in CB, and 37.4 ± 2.0 in WJ. A spheroid structure and positive Alcian blue staining of matrix glycosaminoglycans illustrated chondrogenesis. Cellular morphology and positive von Kossa staining, as well as alkaline phosphatase activity, confirmed osteogenesis. Based on the results obtained, WJ, CB, and for the first time in the horse, AF represent alternative sources of stem cells. Their differentiation into osteocytes and chondrocytes demonstrated that equine MSC from these samples can be induced to form multiple cell types, which underlies their value for regenerative medicine in injured horses.

Comparison between Mesenchymal Stem Cells obtained from Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue and Wharton Gelatin according to the ISCT Criteria

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
A. Parra-Barrera ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cellular Therapy ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue ◽  
Marrow Adipose Tissue

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a heterogeneous population with the capacity to self-renew and differentiate into different cell types. At the middle of the last century these cells initially were described in bone marrow (BM), thence this tissue has become the gold standard for obtaining and characterization of MSC. It is known that these cells are housed in specific areas called niches distributed throughout all body, where they contribute to tissue regeneration processes of self-tissue were they are located. However, finding an alternative source of CTM with the same characteristics that have showed in MO, but its obtention no represent a risk since the donor is essential to their use for therapeutic purposes. In this study we isolated mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue and Wharton’s jelly and they were compared in their characteristics in according to the standards of the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). The results showed that the morphology as well as adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation and also the expression of surface antigens (CD90, CD73, and CD105) from all tissues accomplished the standards, although Wharton’s jelly represented the best option.

scholarly journals Characterization of Osteogenesis and Chondrogenesis of Human Decellularized Allogeneic Bone with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Wharton’s Jelly

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8987
Author(s):  
Cheng-Fong Chen ◽  
Yi-Chun Chen ◽  
Yu-Show Fu ◽  
Shang-Wen Tsai ◽  
Po-Kuei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue ◽  
Marrow Adipose Tissue ◽  
Osteochondral Regeneration

Allogeneic bone grafts are a promising material for bone implantation due to reduced operative trauma, reduced blood loss, and no donor-site morbidity. Although human decellularized allogeneic bone (hDCB) can be used to fill bone defects, the research of revitalizing hDCB blocks with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for osteochondral regeneration is missing. The hMSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and Wharton’s jelly (BMMSCs, ADMSCs, and UMSCs, respectively) are potential candidates for bone regeneration. This study characterized the potential of hDCB as a scaffold for osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of BMMSCs, ADMSCs, and UMSCs. The pore sizes and mechanical strength of hDCB were characterized. Cell survival and adhesion of hMSCs were investigated using MTT assay and F-actin staining. Alizarin Red S and Safranin O staining were conducted to demonstrate calcium deposition and proteoglycan production of hMSCs after osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, respectively. A RT-qPCR was performed to analyze the expression levels of osteogenic and chondrogenic markers in hMSCs. Results indicated that BMMSCs and ADMSCs exhibited higher osteogenic potential than UMSCs. Furthermore, ADMSCs and UMSCs had higher chondrogenic potential than BMMSCs. This study demonstrated that chondrogenic ADMSCs- or UMSCs-seeded hDCB might be potential osteochondral constructs for osteochondral regeneration.

Lectin Profile Variation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Different Sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Tahereh Talaei-Khozani ◽  
Fatemeh Aleahmad ◽  
Ameneh Bazrafshan ◽  
Elham Aliabadi ◽  
Zahra Vojdani
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Promising Source

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a promising source of stem cells for regenerative medicine, have different morphological and functional characteristics. Carbohydrate moieties on the cell surface play an important role, including cell-cell interaction and cell recognition. The objective of this study was to determine possible differences in glycoconjugate distribution patterns of MSCs derived from various sources. MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue, bone marrow, Wharton’s jelly, and cord blood. Then, they were stained with FITC-conjugated wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), concanavalin A (ConA), Ulex europaeus (UEA), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), and Atto-488 conjugated Phytolacca americana (PWM) lectins. The intensity of the reactions was scored using ImageJ software. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the expression of the endothelial marker CD144. The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA and LSD. Cord blood-derived MSCs showed the most significant staining intensities with all lectins. All MSCs were also moderately stained with PNA. Bone marrow-derived MSCs failed to react with UEA, DBA, and ConA. Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs could also not be stained with ConA. Cord blood-derived MSCs contained 2 subpopulations: osteoclast- and fibroblast-like cells. Both lectin staining intensity and distribution pattern were different in these 2 cell types; therefore, the central part of osteoclast-like cells stained more intensive with PNA and PWM, while that part in fibroblast-like cells stained more intensive with ConA. None of them expressed CD144. The glycoconjugate content of MSCs derived from various sources is different.

scholarly journals Isolation, characterization and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood and Wharton's jelly in the horse

Reproduction ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Iacono ◽  
Lara Brunori ◽  
Alessandro Pirrone ◽  
Pasquale Paolo Pagliaro ◽  
Francesca Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Wharton's Jelly

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been derived from multiple sources of the horse including umbilical cord blood (UCB) and amnion. This work aimed to identify and characterize stem cells from equine amniotic fluid (AF), CB and Wharton's Jelly (WJ). Samples were obtained from 13 mares at labour. AF and CB cells were isolated by centrifugation, while WJ was prepared by incubating with an enzymatic solution for 2 h. All cell lines were cultured in DMEM/TCM199 plus fetal bovine serum. Fibroblast-like cells were observed in 7/10 (70%) AF, 6/8 (75%) CB and 8/12 (66.7%) WJ samples. Statistically significant differences were found between cell-doubling times (DTs): cells isolated from WJ expanded more rapidly (2.0±0.6 days) than those isolated from CB (2.6±1.3 days) and AF (2.3±1.0 days) (P<0.05). Positive von Kossa and Alizarin Red S staining confirmed osteogenesis. Alcian Blue staining of matrix glycosaminoglycans illustrated chondrogenesis and positive Oil Red O lipid droplets staining suggested adipogenesis. All cell lines isolated were positive for CD90, CD44, CD105; and negative for CD34, CD14 and CD45. These findings suggest that equine MSCs from AF, UCB and WJ appeared to be a readily obtainable and highly proliferative cell lines from a uninvasive source that may represent a good model system for stem cell biology and cellular therapy applications in horses. However, to assess their use as an allogenic cell source, further studies are needed for evaluating the expression of markers related to cell immunogenicity.

Dissimilar Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow, Umbilical Cord Blood, and Adipose Tissue

2008 ◽  
Vol 233 (7) ◽  
pp. 901-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Rebelatto ◽  
A. M. Aguiar ◽  
M. P. Moretão ◽  
A. C. Senegaglia ◽  
P. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood

scholarly journals Flow Cytometric Characterization of Cell Surface Markers to Differentiate Between Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Different Origin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Sober ◽  
Homa Darmani ◽  
Dana Alhattab ◽  
Abdalla Awidi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Different Origins

IntroductionIdentification and purification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) expanded in culture for therapeutic use is crucial for improved yield and optimal results. Fibroblasts are the most common cell type in connective tissue and are commonly found as contaminants of MSC cultures, affecting cell yield and potentially causing tumor formation after cell transplantation. In the current study, we wished to identify cell surface markers that can differentiate MSCs of different origins from fibroblasts.Material and methodsMSCs were isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, Wharton’s jelly and placental tissue and fibroblasts were isolated from foreskin (as a negative control) in order to examine the differences in the expression of a panel of 14 different cell surface markers using multiplex flow cytometry.ResultsOur results indicate that the following markers could be useful in differentiating between fibroblasts and MSCs derived from: adipose tissue - CD79a, CD105, CD106, CD146, and CD271; Wharton’s jelly - CD14, CD56 and CD105; bone marrow - CD105, CD106, and CD146; placental tissue - CD14, CD105, and CD146. Furthermore, we found that, contradictory to previous studies, CD26 is not fibroblast-specific.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the results of our study indicate that cell surface markers may prove to be a useful tool in the discrimination between MSCs of different origins and fibroblasts and thus may be used to authenticate the identity of the isolated cells.

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