scholarly journals Changes in hemopoiesis during the course of acute LCM virus infection in mice

Blood ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Bro-Jorgensen ◽  
S Knudtzon
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Hemopoietic Precursor Cells ◽  
Previous Demonstration ◽  
Stimulating Factor ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Although severe hematologic and immunologic disorders occur in several viral infections, insight into the mechanisms by which viruses may affect hemopoietic tissues is poor. The previous demonstration of distinct immunohemopoietic lesions in mice with acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus infection has led us to investigate the function of hemopoietic precursor cells in the course of this experimental infection. During the first week of infection, there was profound suppression of pluripotential stem cell (CFU) and in vitro colony-forming cell (CFU) compartments, and of 59Fe uptake into hemopoietic tissues. During the same period, we found enhanced activity of colony-stimulating factor, lack of responsiveness to erythropoietin, and appreciable titers of interferon in blood and spleen. After day 10 post infection, there was a striking increase in CFU and 59Fe uptake confined to spleen and blood. Restoration of bone marrow, however, was markedly delayed. With reference to recent studies on interferon, and the findings in mice with persistent LCM virus infection, we suggest that interferon may be the comprehensive suppressor of the hemopoietic precursor cells in the first stage of acute LCM virus infection, and that these cells in the recovery period are directed preferentially into erythropoiesis.

scholarly journals Changes in hemopoiesis during the course of acute LCM virus infection in mice

Blood ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Bro-Jorgensen ◽  
S Knudtzon
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Hemopoietic Precursor Cells ◽  
Previous Demonstration ◽  
Stimulating Factor ◽  
Insight Into

Although severe hematologic and immunologic disorders occur in several viral infections, insight into the mechanisms by which viruses may affect hemopoietic tissues is poor. The previous demonstration of distinct immunohemopoietic lesions in mice with acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus infection has led us to investigate the function of hemopoietic precursor cells in the course of this experimental infection. During the first week of infection, there was profound suppression of pluripotential stem cell (CFU) and in vitro colony-forming cell (CFU) compartments, and of 59Fe uptake into hemopoietic tissues. During the same period, we found enhanced activity of colony-stimulating factor, lack of responsiveness to erythropoietin, and appreciable titers of interferon in blood and spleen. After day 10 post infection, there was a striking increase in CFU and 59Fe uptake confined to spleen and blood. Restoration of bone marrow, however, was markedly delayed. With reference to recent studies on interferon, and the findings in mice with persistent LCM virus infection, we suggest that interferon may be the comprehensive suppressor of the hemopoietic precursor cells in the first stage of acute LCM virus infection, and that these cells in the recovery period are directed preferentially into erythropoiesis.

Infection of stromal and hemopoietic precursor cells with lentivirus vector in vivo and in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Nifontova ◽  
N. V. Sats ◽  
V. L. Surin ◽  
D. A. Svinareva ◽  
M. E. Gasparian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Lentivirus Vector ◽  
Hemopoietic Precursor Cells

scholarly journals Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induces hFc gamma RI (CD64 antigen)-positive neutrophils via an effect on myeloid precursor cells

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1457-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Kerst ◽  
JG van de Winkel ◽  
AH Evans ◽  
M de Haas ◽  
IC Slaper-Cortenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Final Maturation ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Abstract In this study we have examined hFc gamma RI expression during myelopoiesis. Normal bone marrow (BM) cells were found to express hFc gamma RI up to the metamyelocyte stage. A different Fc gamma RI expression pattern was observed in an in vitro model of myelopoiesis. Purified CD34-positive BM cells, cultured for 12 to 14 days with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), differentiate into a population of mature granulocytic cells. In these cultures, in which hFc gamma RI was virtually absent on the initial CD34-positive BM cells, hFc gamma RI was strongly induced by G-CSF after only 5 days. During final maturation the cells remained hFc gamma RI positive. This expression was confirmed functionally by antibody-sensitized erythrocytes (EA)-rosette assays. Moreover, the mature myeloid cells were found to express mRNA encoding for hFc gamma RI, whereas reverse- transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that both hFc gamma RIA and hFc gamma RIB genes were expressed. In contrast, on peripheral blood (PB) polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMN) the in vitro effect of G-CSF as to hFc gamma RI induction was limited. Therefore, we conclude that, with respect to hFc gamma RI expression on PMN, G-CSF acts on myeloid precursor cells rather than on mature cells. This conclusion could be strengthened by in vivo administration of a single dose of G-CSF to a healthy volunteer. After a 12-hour lag time, hFc gamma RI expressing PMNs were detected in the peripheral blood. This study shows that hFc gamma RI is an early myeloid differentiation marker that is lost during normal final maturation. However, committed myeloid progenitor cells can be strongly induced by G-CSF to express hFc gamma RI, ultimately resulting in mature granulocytic cells expressing the high-affinity receptor for IgG. This expression may have important consequences for the functional capacity of these cells.

scholarly journals LEUKOCYTES AND INTERFERON IN THE HOST RESPONSE TO VIRAL INFECTIONS

1965 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lowell A. Glasgow
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Vaccinia Virus Infection ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Spread Of Infection

1. Investigation of the role of leukocytes in vaccinia virus infection is reported in an in vitro model, in the absence of an immune response. 2. Mouse leukocytes were shown to be capable of inhibiting the progression of vaccinia virus infection in primary mouse embryo fibroblast cultures. The degree of protection varied from slowing of spread of infection to complete control of the infection with eventual elimination of detectable virus and recovery of the culture. 3. Interferon production by leukocytes is thought to be an important factor in the observed protective effect.

scholarly journals Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induces hFc gamma RI (CD64 antigen)-positive neutrophils via an effect on myeloid precursor cells

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1457-1464
Author(s):  
JM Kerst ◽  
JG van de Winkel ◽  
AH Evans ◽  
M de Haas ◽  
IC Slaper-Cortenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Final Maturation ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Stimulating Factor

In this study we have examined hFc gamma RI expression during myelopoiesis. Normal bone marrow (BM) cells were found to express hFc gamma RI up to the metamyelocyte stage. A different Fc gamma RI expression pattern was observed in an in vitro model of myelopoiesis. Purified CD34-positive BM cells, cultured for 12 to 14 days with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), differentiate into a population of mature granulocytic cells. In these cultures, in which hFc gamma RI was virtually absent on the initial CD34-positive BM cells, hFc gamma RI was strongly induced by G-CSF after only 5 days. During final maturation the cells remained hFc gamma RI positive. This expression was confirmed functionally by antibody-sensitized erythrocytes (EA)-rosette assays. Moreover, the mature myeloid cells were found to express mRNA encoding for hFc gamma RI, whereas reverse- transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that both hFc gamma RIA and hFc gamma RIB genes were expressed. In contrast, on peripheral blood (PB) polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMN) the in vitro effect of G-CSF as to hFc gamma RI induction was limited. Therefore, we conclude that, with respect to hFc gamma RI expression on PMN, G-CSF acts on myeloid precursor cells rather than on mature cells. This conclusion could be strengthened by in vivo administration of a single dose of G-CSF to a healthy volunteer. After a 12-hour lag time, hFc gamma RI expressing PMNs were detected in the peripheral blood. This study shows that hFc gamma RI is an early myeloid differentiation marker that is lost during normal final maturation. However, committed myeloid progenitor cells can be strongly induced by G-CSF to express hFc gamma RI, ultimately resulting in mature granulocytic cells expressing the high-affinity receptor for IgG. This expression may have important consequences for the functional capacity of these cells.

scholarly journals Two Overlapping Subdominant Epitopes Identified by DNA Immunization Induce Protective CD8+ T-Cell Populations with Differing Cytolytic Activities

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (16) ◽  
pp. 7399-7409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Rodriguez ◽  
Mark K. Slifka ◽  
Stephanie Harkins ◽  
J. Lindsay Whitton
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ◽  
Lytic Activity ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Dna Immunization ◽  
Cytokine Responsiveness ◽  
Dominant Epitope

ABSTRACT Subdominant CD8+ T-cell responses contribute to control of several viral infections and to vaccine-induced immunity. Here, using the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus model, we demonstrate that subdominant epitopes can be more reliably identified by DNA immunization than by other methods, permitting the identification, in the virus nucleoprotein, of two overlapping subdominant epitopes: one presented by Ld and the other presented by Kd. This subdominant sequence confers immunity as effective as that induced by the dominant epitope, against which >90% of the antiviral CD8+ T cells are normally directed. We compare the kinetics of the dominant and subdominant responses after vaccination with those following subsequent viral infection. The dominant CD8+response expands more rapidly than the subdominant responses, but after virus infection is cleared, mice which had been immunized with the “dominant” vaccine have a pool of memory T cells focused almost entirely upon the dominant epitope. In contrast, after virus infection, mice which had been immunized with the “subdominant” vaccine retain both dominant and subdominant memory cells. During the acute phase of the immune response, the acquisition of cytokine responsiveness by subdominant CD8+ T cells precedes their development of lytic activity. Furthermore, in both dominant and subdominant populations, lytic activity declines more rapidly than cytokine responsiveness. Thus, the lysislow-cytokinecompetent phenotype associated with most memory CD8+ T cells appears to develop soon after antigen clearance. Finally, lytic activity differs among CD8+ T-cell populations with different epitope specificities, suggesting that vaccines can be designed to selectively induce CD8+ T cells with distinct functional attributes.

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