Chest CT measures of pectoralis muscle area predicts mortality in smokers

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been cited as a potentially modifiable risk factor for the cardiovascular outcomes. Hypothesis Pectoralis muscle (PM) and intermuscular adipose tissue (IntM AT) areas on chest CT images may be readily obtainable soft tissue biomarkers for MetS screening. Methods: Out of 3,204 subjects in the MESA study with available chest CT scan in the exam 5 (4/2010 to 2/2012), 2,975 subjects had quality-essential images and were included in this analysis. The PM and IntM AT areas in the CT images were measured using a framework for image segmentation in the slice above the aortic arch.The presence of MetS subcomponents and the MetS diagnosis for this sample were determined using the NCEP ATP III. The associations between PM and IntM AT areas with MetS subcomponents and diagnosis were studied using regression (adjusted for relevant confounders). The ROC curves were used to defining the optimal cut-off points (using the Youden’s Index) for MetS diagnosis. Results: The mean age of subjects was 69.29±9.26 (1,434 men and 1,541 women). In this sample, 1,065 (35.80%) subjects were diagnosed with MetS. IntM AT (OR:1.07(1.02-1.13)), but not the PM (OR:0.98(0.97-1.00)) area, was associated with MetS. Using the ROC curve, the optimal cut-off points of the IntM AT areas and PM for MetS diagnosis were 16.22 and 1.87, respectively. The cut-off point for the PM were highly sensitive (87.1%) but not specific (16.4%). Conclusion: Quantitative analysis of PM and IntM AT areas, measured in a predefined “single slice” of the chest CT image using an in-house semiautomatic framework, may be used as an imaging biomarker for MetS.

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Pectoralis muscle area and its association with indices of disease severity in interstitial lung disease

Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106539 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106539

Author(s):

Yannick Molgat-Seon ◽

Sabina A. Guler ◽

Carli M. Peters ◽

Dragoş M. Vasilescu ◽

Joseph H. Puyat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interstitial Lung Disease ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Pectoralis Muscle ◽

Muscle Area

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Quantitative Pectoralis Muscle Area is Associated with the Development of Lung Cancer in a Large Lung Cancer Screening Cohort

Lung ◽

10.1007/s00408-020-00388-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 198 (5) ◽

pp. 847-853

Author(s):

Lee Gazourian ◽

Chantal S. Durgana ◽

Devon Huntley ◽

Giulia S. Rizzo ◽

William B. Thedinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Lung Cancer Screening ◽

Pectoralis Muscle ◽

Muscle Area

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Pectoralis muscle area and mortality in smokers without airflow obstruction

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-018-0771-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alejandro A. Diaz ◽

Carlos H. Martinez ◽

Rola Harmouche ◽

Thomas P. Young ◽

Merry-Lynn McDonald ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airflow Obstruction ◽

Pectoralis Muscle ◽

Muscle Area

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Machine Learning for Automatic Paraspinous Muscle Area and Attenuation Measures on Low-Dose Chest CT Scans

Academic Radiology ◽

10.1016/j.acra.2019.06.017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 1686-1694 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ryan Barnard ◽

Josh Tan ◽

Brandon Roller ◽

Caroline Chiles ◽

Ashley A. Weaver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Low Dose ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Paraspinous Muscle

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Pectoralis muscle area is associated with bone mineral density and lung function in lung transplant candidates

Osteoporosis International ◽

10.1007/s00198-020-05373-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 1361-1367

Author(s):

A. D. Parulekar ◽

T. Wang ◽

G. W. Li ◽

V. Hoang ◽

C. C. Kao

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Lung Function ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Lung Transplant ◽

Pectoralis Muscle ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Transplant Candidates

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Association of pectoralis muscle area and survival outcomes after chemotherapy.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e24094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e24094-e24094

Author(s):

Christina Gu ◽

Jason Wiederin ◽

Patricia Jewett ◽

Anne Hudson Blaes

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Body Surface ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Nonlinear Effects ◽

Pectoral Muscle ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Pectoralis Muscle ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Overall Mortality

e24094 Background: Chemotherapy use may be associated with muscle wasting, a marker of frailty that can predispose individuals to poor outcomes. We assessed the association between pre-treatment pectoralis muscle area and overall mortality following chemotherapy. Methods: We identified individuals diagnosed with breast cancer (N=221), lymphoma (N=216), or sarcoma (N=115) who received chemotherapy at the University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Clinic and had CT scans prior to chemotherapy 2009-2014. Using CoreSlicer, right pectoral muscle area was measured at baseline and indexed to body surface (right pectoralis muscle area [cm2] / body surface [m2]) and divided into quartiles. Restricting to individuals who started chemotherapy within 6 months after their CT, we used cox regression (adjusted for age, sex, cancer type, stage, ever-smoking, BMI, and chemotherapy type) to assess associations between baseline muscle area and overall survival, testing for nonlinear effects using cubic splines. Results: 536 individuals (66% female) were identified who were treated with anthracyclines based chemotherapy (N=408), Trastuzumab (N=64), or both (N=64). Mean baseline muscle area was 14.9 (4.6) cm2 in females and 26.3 (9.3) cm2 in males. Median follow-up was 4.6 years. Larger baseline pectoralis muscle area (per m2 body surface) was associated with improved survival (adjusted model, overall effect, P=0.01), with some nonlinear effects (P=0.05). With muscle area (per m2 body surface) categorized as quartiles, individuals in the 3rd and 4th quartiles were at lower risk of dying (compared with people in the 1st quartile, hazard ratios 0.59 and 0.55 respectively, 95% CI range 0.35-0.90, P=0.01). There were no differences comparing the 4th vs the 3rd quartile (P=0.79), or the 2nd vs the 1st quartile (P=0.5). Conclusions: We found a protective association between larger right pectoral muscle size (relative to body surface) and overall survival after chemotherapy. There may be ceiling and threshold effects given evidence for nonlinear effects, since neither the 2nd vs. 1st quartile, nor the 4th vs. 3rd quartile comparisons in the categorical model were significant. Hazard ratios and confidence intervals of overall mortality by pectoral muscle area at baseline indexed to body surface, N=536, 2009-14. [Table: see text]

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Pectoralis muscle wasting during chemotherapy.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e24069 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e24069-e24069

Author(s):

Jason Wiederin ◽

Christina Gu ◽

Patricia Jewett ◽

Anne Hudson Blaes

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Body Surface ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Nonlinear Effects ◽

Pectoralis Muscle ◽

Muscle Loss ◽

Muscle Area

e24069 Background: Chemotherapy is often followed by muscle mass loss which has been associated with frailty. We explored factors associated with change in pectoralis muscle mass after chemotherapy. We hypothesized greater muscle loss with time would be associated with poorer overall survival. Methods: We identified individuals with breast cancer (N = 221), sarcoma (N = 115), and lymphoma (N = 216) who received chemotherapy at the University of Minnesota MHealth Fairview and had CT scans before and after chemotherapy. Right pectoralis muscle area was measured using CORESLICER and indexed to body surface (right pectoralis muscle area [cm2] / body surface [m2]). We calculated quartiles of the indexed pectoralis measure. We restricted our analyses to participants who received a follow-up CT within two years after starting chemotherapy. In a multivariate linear regression, we explored associations of sex, age, BMI, ever-smoking, time since start of chemotherapy, indexed baseline muscle area, stage, type of diagnosis, and cumulative anthracycline dose with relative (%) change in muscle area. In a Cox regression we tested the association of relative muscle change with overall mortality. We used cubic splines to test for nonlinear effects. Results: Of 477 participants (66% female; mean age 61.3 (10.1) years), 366 received anthracyclines, 61 Trastuzumab, and 60 both. The average loss in right pectoral muscle area was -10% for women and -12% for men. We detected nonlinear effects of indexed baseline muscle area, P = 0.03. In a model using quartiles of indexed baseline muscle area, significant predictors of muscle loss included sex (women vs. men, -9.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI) -14.2- -3.7%, P = 0.0008), larger indexed baseline muscle area (quartiles 2, 3, 4 compared with quartile 1, change range -7 - -24%, 95% CI range, -2 - -30%, P-range < 0.0001 – 0.006), smoking (ever vs. never, -4.1%, 95% CI -7.6 - -0.7%, P = 0.02), and diagnosis (sarcoma vs breast cancer, -5.7%, 95% CI -11.1 - -0.3%, P = 0.04). There was no significant association between muscle change and overall survival (median follow-up time 4.1). Conclusions: Being female, larger baseline muscle mass (per m2 body surface), ever-smoking, and a sarcoma diagnosis were associated with greater relative muscle loss after chemotherapy. More data is needed to understand the course of sarcopenia in terms of recovery and survivorship. [Table: see text]

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Pectoralis Muscle Mass on Chest CT at Admission Predicts Prognosis in Patients with Pneumonia

Canadian Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1155/2021/3396950 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Ryohsuke Yokosuka ◽

Ryosuke Imai ◽

Shosei Ro ◽

Manabu Murakami ◽

Kohei Okafuji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hospital Mortality ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Muscle Thickness ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Pectoralis Major ◽

Pectoralis Muscle ◽

Pectoralis Minor Muscle ◽

Area And Volume

Background and Objectives. The concept of sarcopenia has been attracting attention in recent years, but its association with in-hospital mortality of patients with pneumonia is still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between pectoralis muscle mass on chest computed tomography (CT) and in-hospital mortality in patients with pneumonia. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was performed in patients aged 18 years or older with pneumonia who underwent chest CT within 24 hours of admission between April 2014 and March 2019. We measured the thickness, area, and volume of the pectoralis major and minor muscles at the level of the aortic arch. Factors associated with mortality were examined using logistic regression analysis. Results. A total of 483 patients (mean age 77 ± 14 years, 300 men (62%)) were included, and fifty-one patients (11%) died during admission. In univariate analysis, decreased thickness, area, and volume of the pectoralis major and minor muscles were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Multivariate analysis with adjustment for age, gender, serum albumin, and A-DROP revealed that thinner pectoralis major and minor muscles were independent factors of poor prognosis (odds ratio: 0.878, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.783–0.985, P = 0.026 and odds ratio: 0.842, 95% CI: 0.733–0.968, P = 0.016 , respectively). Approximately 25% of the patients died when the pectoralis minor muscle thickness was 5 mm or less, and no patients died when it was 15 mm or more. Conclusion. The pectoralis muscle mass may be an independent prognostic factor in hospitalized patients with pneumonia.

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