Early childhood growth patterns and lung function and asthma at 10 years

AbstractEarly childhood growth patterns are associated with adult metabolic health, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We performed genome-wide meta-analyses and follow-up in up to 22,769 European children for six early growth phenotypes derived from longitudinal data: peak height and weight velocities, age and body mass index (BMI) at adiposity peak (AP ~9 months) and rebound (AR ~5-6 years). We identified four associated loci (P< 5x10−8): LEPR/LEPROT with BMI at AP, FTO and TFAP2B with Age at AR and GNPDA2 with BMI at AR. The observed AR-associated SNPs at FTO, TFAP2B and GNPDA2 represent known adult BMI-associated variants. The common BMI at AP associated variant at LEPR/LEPROT was not associated with adult BMI but was associated with LEPROT gene expression levels, especially in subcutaneous fat (P<2x10−51). We identify strong positive genetic correlations between early growth and later adiposity traits, and analysis of the full discovery stage results for Age at AR revealed enrichment for insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling and apolipoprotein pathways. This genome-wide association study suggests mechanistic links between early childhood growth and adiposity in later childhood and adulthood, highlighting these early growth phenotypes as potential targets for the prevention of obesity.

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Early childhood growth patterns and adult health indicators

10.5353/th_b3972486 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Pang-yuen Lo

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Adult Health ◽

Childhood Growth

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The effect of early growth patterns and lung function on the development of childhood asthma: a population based study

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-211216 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 73 (12) ◽

pp. 1137-1145 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maribel Casas ◽

Herman T den Dekker ◽

Claudia J Kruithof ◽

Irwin K Reiss ◽

Martine Vrijheid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Childhood Asthma ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Population Based ◽

Peak Height ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Current Asthma ◽

Childhood Growth ◽

Peak Weight ◽

Weight Velocity

BackgroundInfant weight gain is associated with lower lung function and a higher risk of childhood asthma. Detailed individual childhood growth patterns might be better predictors of childhood respiratory morbidity than the difference between two weight and height measurements. We assessed the associations of early childhood growth patterns with lung function and asthma at the age of 10 years and whether the child’s current body mass index (BMI) influenced any association.MethodsWe derived peak height and weight growth velocity, BMI at adiposity peak, and age at adiposity peak from longitudinally measured weight and height data in the first 3 years of life of 4435 children enrolled in a population-based prospective cohort study. At 10 years of age, spirometry was performed and current asthma was assessed by questionnaire. Spirometry outcomes included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow after exhaling 75% of vital capacity (FEF75).ResultsGreater peak weight velocity was associated with higher FVC but lower FEV1/FVC and FEF75. Greater BMI at adiposity peak was associated with higher FVC and FEV1 but lower FEV1/FVC and FEF75. Greater age at adiposity peak was associated with higher FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF75, particularly in children with a small size at birth, and lower odds of current asthma in boys. The child’s current BMI only explained the associations of peak weight velocity and BMI at adiposity peak with FVC and FEV1. Peak height velocity was not consistently associated with impaired lung function or asthma.ConclusionPeak weight velocity and BMI at adiposity peak were associated with reduced airway patency in relation to lung volume, whereas age at adiposity peak was associated with higher lung function parameters and lower risk of asthma at 10 years, particularly in boys.

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Birth weight, early childhood growth and lung function in middle to early old age: 1946 British birth cohort

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206457 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 71 (10) ◽

pp. 916-922 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yutong Cai ◽

Seif O Shaheen ◽

Rebecca Hardy ◽

Diana Kuh ◽

Anna L Hansell

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Lung Function ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Old Age ◽

Childhood Growth ◽

Early Old Age

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Relation of early childhood growth and wheezing phenotypes to adult lung function

Pediatric Pulmonology ◽

10.1002/ppul.21470 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (10) ◽

pp. 956-963 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Duane L. Sherrill ◽

Stefano Guerra ◽

Anne L. Wright ◽

Wayne J. Morgan ◽

Fernando D. Martinez

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Lung Function ◽

Childhood Growth ◽

Adult Lung

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Early childhood growth is associated with lung function at 7 years: a prospective population-based study

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/13993003.00157-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 2000157

Author(s):

Gabriela P. Peralta ◽

Alicia Abellan ◽

Parisa Montazeri ◽

Mikel Basterrechea ◽

Ana Esplugues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Lung Function ◽

Latent Class ◽

Postnatal Growth ◽

Population Based ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Airflow Limitation ◽

Birth Size ◽

Childhood Growth ◽

Bmi Trajectories

Previous studies have related early postnatal growth with later lung function but their interpretation is limited by the methods used to assess a child's growth. We aimed to assess the association of early childhood growth, measured by body mass index (BMI) trajectories up to 4 years, with lung function at 7 years.We included 1257 children from the Spanish Infancia y Medio Ambiente population-based birth cohort. Early childhood growth was classified into five categories based on BMI trajectories up to 4 years previously identified using latent class growth analysis. These trajectories differed in birth size (“lower”, “average”, “higher”) and in BMI gain velocity (“slower”, “accelerated”). We related these trajectories to lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC and forced expiratory flow at 25%–75% of FVC (FEF25–75%)) at 7 years, using multivariable mixed regression.Compared to children with average birth size and slower BMI gain (reference), children with higher birth size and accelerated BMI gain had a higher FVC % pred (3.3%, 95% CI 1.0%–5.6%) and a lower FEV1/FVC % pred (−1.5%, 95% CI −2.9%–−0.1%) at 7 years. Similar associations were observed for children with lower birth size and accelerated BMI gain. Children with lower birth size and slower BMI gain had lower FVC % pred at 7 years. No association was found for FEF25–75%.Independently of birth size, children with accelerated BMI gain in early childhood had higher lung function at 7 years but showed airflow limitation. Children with lower birth size and slower BMI gain in early childhood had lower lung function at 7 years.

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1416-P: Impact of Birth Weight Category on Early Childhood Growth in the Offspring of Women with Diabetes

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db19-1416-p ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1416-P

Author(s):

MAISA N. FEGHALI ◽

STEVE CARITIS ◽

CHRISTINA M. SCIFRES

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Weight Category ◽

Childhood Growth

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Long term alterations of growth after antenatal steroids in preterm twin pregnancies

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2020-0204 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Thorsten Braun ◽

Vivien Filleböck ◽

Boris Metze ◽

Christoph Bührer ◽

Andreas Plagemann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Later Life ◽

Ponderal Index ◽

Childhood Growth ◽

Antenatal Steroids ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Infancy And Early Childhood ◽

Twin Pregnancies

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the long-term effects of antenatal betamethasone (ANS, ≤16 mg, =24 mg and >24 mg) in twins on infant and childhood growth.MethodsA retrospective cohort follow up study among 198 twins after ANS including three time points: U1 first neonatal examination after birth and in the neonatal period; U7 examination from the 21st to the 24th month of life and U9 examination from the 60th to the 64th month of life using data from copies of the children’s examination booklets. Inclusion criteria are twin pregnancies with preterm labor, cervical shortening, preterm premature rupture of membranes, or vaginal bleeding, and exposure to ANS between 23+5 and 33+6 weeks. Outcome measures are dosage-dependent and sex-specific effects of ANS on growth (body weight, body length, head circumference, body mass index and ponderal index) up to 5.3 years.ResultsOverall, 99 live-born twin pairs were included. Negative effects of ANS on fetal growth persisted beyond birth, altered infant and childhood growth, independent of possible confounding factors. Overall weight percentile significantly decreased between infancy and early childhood by 18.8%. Birth weight percentiles significantly changed in a dose dependent and sex specific manner, most obviously in female-female and mixed pairs. The ponderal index significantly decreased up to 42.9%, BMI index increased by up to 33.8%.ConclusionsANS results in long-term alterations in infant and childhood growth. Changes between infancy and early childhood in ponderal mass index and BMI, independent of dose or twin pair structure, might indicate an ANS associated increased risk for later life disease.SynopsisFirst-time report on long-term ANS administration growth effects in twin pregnancies, showing persisting alterations beyond birth in infant and childhood growth up to 5.3 years as potential indicator of later life disease risk.

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