Role of leptin and cysteinyl leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in obese asthmatic children

Recent evidence suggests that the cysteinyl-leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) may be important in the pathogenesis of exercise-induced asthma. To evaluate the role of these mediators further, nine asthmatic subjects with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction were studied on two occasions. On visit 1, subjects performed 6 min of treadmill exercise; the mean maximal percent fall in FEV1 was 38.0 +/- 5.3%. On visit 2, maximal bronchoconstriction observed after exercise was matched with aerosolized methacholine. Urine was collected in two 90-min fractions (0–90 and 90–180 min) after challenges and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-radioimmunoassay for LTE4. There were no significant differences in urinary LTE4 excretion between exercise and methacholine challenges for the periods 0-90 min (16.9 +/- 5.4 vs. 20.4 +/- 4.2 ng/mmol urinary creatinine), 90–180 min (24.9 +/- 8.2 vs. 20.1 +/- 5.5), or 0-180 min (21.5 +/- 6.5 vs. 18.8 +/- 4.1). Thus in contrast to allergen-induced bronchoconstriction, there is little evidence for enhanced cysteinyl-leukotriene generation in exercise-induced bronchoconstriction as assessed by urinary LTE4. If local release and subsequent participation of functionally active cysteinyl-leukotrienes in the pathways that ultimately lead to bronchoconstriction after exercise challenge do occur, these are of insufficient magnitude to perturb urinary LTE4 excretion.

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Role of Exercise-Induced Repetitive Rise of Filling Pressure and Plasma Hormones for Advanced Progressive Remodeling - Effect of Quinapril

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(97)83777-1 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 15A

Author(s):

I Kugler

Keyword(s):

Filling Pressure ◽

Plasma Hormones ◽

Exercise Induced

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Exercise-Induced Fibrinolysis – Fact or Fiction?

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1657256 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 48 (02) ◽

pp. 201-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

N A Marsh ◽

P J Gaffney

Keyword(s):

Plasminogen Activator ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Coagulation Factors ◽

Vascular Wall ◽

Strenuous Exercise ◽

Fibrin Degradation Products ◽

Real Increase ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Male Subjects

SummaryThe effect of strenuous exercise on the fibrinolytic and coagulation mechanisms was examined in six healthy male subjects. Five min bicycle exercise at a work-rate of 800 to 1200 kpm. min−1 produced an abrupt increase in plasma plasminogen activator levels which disappeared after 90 min. However, there was no change in early or late fibrin degradation products nor was there a change in fibrinopeptide A levels or βthromboglobulin levels after exercise although activated partial thromboplastin times were significantly shortened. It is concluded that strenuous exercise does not produce any real increase in fibrinogen-fibrin conversion nor any real increase in the breakdown of these proteins. The role of exercise-induced release of plasminogen activator remains unclear, but probably helps to maintain plasma levels in a discontinuous manner concurrently with the continuous low-level secretion from the vascular wall. The shortening of partial thromboplastin time may be due to the raised levels of plasminogen activator changing the activation state of other coagulation factors.

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Role of the sympathoadrenal system in exercise-induced inhibition of insulin secretion. Effects of islet transplantation

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/diabetes.44.5.565 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 565-571 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

H. Houwing ◽

K. M. Frankel ◽

J. H. Strubbe ◽

P. T. van Suylichem ◽

A. B. Steffens

Keyword(s):

Insulin Secretion ◽

Islet Transplantation ◽

Sympathoadrenal System ◽

Exercise Induced

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Emerging role of cysteinyl leukotrienes in cancer

British Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.1111/bph.15402 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lou Saier ◽

Olivier Peyruchaud

Keyword(s):

Cysteinyl Leukotrienes

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From Exercise to Cognitive Performance: Role of Irisin

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11157120 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (15) ◽

pp. 7120

Author(s):

Mirko Pesce ◽

Irene La Fratta ◽

Teresa Paolucci ◽

Alfredo Grilli ◽

Antonia Patruno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

General Exercise ◽

Fibronectin Type Iii ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Fibronectin Type Iii Domain ◽

The Brain

The beneficial effects of exercise on the brain are well known. In general, exercise offers an effective way to improve cognitive function in all ages, particularly in the elderly, who are considered the most vulnerable to neurodegenerative disorders. In this regard, myokines, hormones secreted by muscle in response to exercise, have recently gained attention as beneficial mediators. Irisin is a novel exercise-induced myokine, that modulates several bodily processes, such as glucose homeostasis, and reduces systemic inflammation. Irisin is cleaved from fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5), a transmembrane precursor protein expressed in muscle under the control of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). The FNDC5/irisin system is also expressed in the hippocampus, where it stimulates the expression of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor in this area that is associated with learning and memory. In this review, we aimed to discuss the role of irisin as a key mediator of the beneficial effects of exercise on synaptic plasticity and memory in the elderly, suggesting its roles within the main promoters of the beneficial effects of exercise on the brain.

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