CT quantification of lung lesions as a prognostic factor for severe lung damage in COVID-19 patients

A case of lung damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a 33-year-old woman is described. This case is of clinical interest due to the complexity of diagnosis due to the fact that SLE is a disease with diverse clinical manifestations involving many organs and systems, which often makes it difficult to timely recognize the onset of the disease. SLE still remains a challenge and requires special attention to the patient s history, clinical and laboratory parameters of the patient, as well as specific immunological examinations.

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Association between clinical respiratory signs, lung lesions detected by thoracic ultrasonography and growth performance in pre‐weaned dairy calves

Irish Veterinary Journal ◽

10.1186/s13620-021-00187-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Inmaculada Cuevas-Gómez ◽

Mark McGee ◽

José María Sánchez ◽

Edward O’Riordan ◽

Nicky Byrne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Disease ◽

Rectal Temperature ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dairy Calves ◽

Post Mortem ◽

Lung Lesions ◽

Lung Lobe ◽

Lung Consolidation ◽

Severe Lung

Abstract Background Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the main cause of mortality among 1-to-5 month old calves in Ireland, accounting for approximately one-third of deaths. Despite widespread use of clinical respiratory signs for diagnosing BRD, lung lesions are detected, using thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) or following post-mortem, in calves showing no clinical signs. This highlights the limitation of clinical respiratory signs as a method of detecting sub-clinical BRD. Using 53 purchased artificially-reared male dairy calves, the objectives of this study were to: (i) characterise the BRD incidence detected by clinical respiratory signs and/or TUS, (ii) investigate the association between clinical respiratory signs and lung lesions detected by TUS, and (iii) assess the effect of BRD on pre-weaning growth. Results Clinical BRD (based on Wisconsin clinical respiratory score and/or rectal temperature > 39.6 ºC) was detected in 43 % and sonographic changes (lung lesions) were detected in 64 % of calves from purchase (23 (SD; 6.2) days of age) until weaning, 53 days post-arrival. Calves with clinical BRD were treated. Sixty-one per cent calves affected with clinical BRD had lung lesions 10.5 days (median) before detection of clinical signs. Moderate correlations (rsp 0.70; P < 0.05) were found between cough and severe lung lesions on arrival day, and between rectal temperature > 39.6 ºC and lung lesions ≥ 2 cm2 on day 7 (rsp 0.40; P < 0.05) post-arrival. Mean average daily live weight gain (ADG) of calves from purchase to weaning was 0.75 (SD; 0.10) kg; calves with or without clinical BRD did not differ in ADG (P > 0.05), whereas ADG of those with severe lung lesions (lung lobe completely consolidated or pulmonary emphysema) was 0.12 kg/d less (P < 0.05) than calves without lung lesions. Conclusions Thoracic ultrasonography detected lung consolidation in calves that did not show signs of respiratory disease. The presence of severe lung lesions was associated with reduced pre-weaning growth. These findings emphasise the importance of using TUS in addition to clinical respiratory scoring of calves for an early and accurate detection of clinical and sub-clinical BRD.

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Brave New Lungs: Aging in the Shadow of COVID-19

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbaa118 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexandra C H Nowakowski

Keyword(s):

Lung Disease ◽

Lived Experience ◽

Older Patients ◽

Obstructive Lung Disease ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Lung Damage ◽

Gathering Data ◽

Severe Lung

Abstract As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect communities worldwide, this novel disease is leaving many survivors with severe lung damage. Among older patients, advanced lung damage is more likely. Survivors of all ages who have extensive lung impacts are likely to be new to managing those issues. Supporting healthy aging for these patients will require both gathering data about their unique experiences and using the existing evidence basis about adapting to managing obstructive lung disease. This article outlines key priorities for research with COVID-19 survivors aging with permanent lung damage and highlights unique considerations for people older at age of onset. It also outlines the relevance of findings from this research for clinical care supporting people newly aging with advanced lung disease from COVID-19. In the process, it summarizes lessons from established patient populations aging with progressive lung disease—using cystic fibrosis as a prominent example from the author’s lived experience—that may enhance the experiences of older COVID-19 survivors.

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Lack of Protection in Mice and Necrotizing Bronchointerstitial Pneumonia with Bronchiolitis in Guinea Pigs Immunized with Vaccines Directed against the hsp60 Molecule ofMycobacterium tuberculosis

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.68.6.3674-3679.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 3674-3679 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Oliver C. Turner ◽

Alan D. Roberts ◽

Anthony A. Frank ◽

Susan W. Phalen ◽

David M. McMurray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Lung Damage ◽

Dna Encoding ◽

Protein Antigens ◽

Plasmid Vaccine ◽

Potential Vaccine ◽

Guinea Pig Model ◽

Shock Proteins ◽

Severe Lung

ABSTRACT In this study, the hsp60 and hsp70 heat shock protein antigens ofMycobacterium tuberculosis were tested as potential vaccine candidates, using purified recombinant protein antigens or antigens encoded in the form of a DNA plasmid vaccine. Guinea pigs vaccinated with a mixture of the two proteins showed no evidence of resistance to low-dose aerosol challenge infection and quickly developed severe lung damage characterized by necrotizing bronchointerstitial pneumonia and bronchiolitis. As a result, we turned instead to a DNA vaccination approach using a plasmid encoding the hsp60 antigen of M. tuberculosis. Although immunogenic in mice, vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding hsp60 was not protective in that model or in the guinea pig model and again gave rise to similar severe lung damage. This study seriously questions the safety of vaccines against tuberculosis that target highly conserved heat shock proteins.

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143: Lung Transplantation for Severe Lung Damage in Patients With End-Stage COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1097/01.ccm.0000726460.44216.82 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 57-57

Author(s):

Kiran Mahapure ◽

Ishita Gupta ◽

Ishita Mehra ◽

Rahul Kashyap

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Lung Transplantation ◽

Lung Damage ◽

End Stage ◽

Severe Lung

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Unopposed Cathepsin G, Neutrophil Elastase, and Proteinase 3 Cause Severe Lung Damage and Emphysema

American Journal Of Pathology ◽

10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.04.015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 184 (8) ◽

pp. 2197-2210 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Nicolas Guyot ◽

Julien Wartelle ◽

Laurette Malleret ◽

Alexandre A. Todorov ◽

Gilles Devouassoux ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neutrophil Elastase ◽

Cathepsin G ◽

Lung Damage ◽

Proteinase 3 ◽

Severe Lung

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Stereotactic body radiation therapy for empirically treated hypermetabolic lung lesions: a single-institutional experience identifying the Charlson score as a key prognostic factor

Translational Lung Cancer Research ◽

10.21037/tlcr-20-469 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 1862-1872

Author(s):

Roman O. Kowalchuk ◽

Michael R. Waters ◽

Sujith Baliga ◽

K. Martin Richardson ◽

Kelly M. Spencer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Prognostic Factor ◽

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy ◽

Charlson Score ◽

Lung Lesions ◽

Stereotactic Body Radiation ◽

Institutional Experience

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Lung ultrasound: the possibilities of diagnosing of lung damage associated with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19

Russian Pulmonology ◽

10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-5-577-586 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 577-586

Author(s):

G. V. Nekludova ◽

S. N. Avdeev

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Intensive Care Units ◽

Lung Ultrasound ◽

Lung Damage ◽

Lung Lesions ◽

Ultrasound Method ◽

Viral Nature ◽

Coronavirus Infection

This publication is devoted to the ultrasound method of lung examination, which has gained particular relevance during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection 2019. The lecture discusses the general provisions of lung ultrasound, ultrasonic signs of lung damage, features of ultrasound semiotics in the viral nature of lung lesions, differences from the bacterial nature of lung damage, presents aspects of the use of lung ultrasound during the pandemic of the coronavirus infection 2019. The lecture is based on the experience of domestic and foreign researchers, as well as on the authors’ own experience, which demonstrates the value of this method both in intensive care units and in a therapeutic clinic.

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Lung Biopsy Findings in Severe Pulmonary Illness Associated With E-Cigarette Use (Vaping)

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/aqz182 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Sanjay Mukhopadhyay ◽

Mitra Mehrad ◽

Pedro Dammert ◽

Andrea V Arrossi ◽

Rakesh Sarda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Lung Injury ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Lung Biopsy ◽

Diffuse Alveolar Damage ◽

Lung Damage ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Lipoid Pneumonia ◽

Lung Biopsies ◽

Severe Lung

Abstract Objectives The aim of this report is to describe the lung biopsy findings in vaping-associated pulmonary illness. Methods Lung biopsies from eight patients with vaping-associated pulmonary illness were reviewed. Results The biopsies were from eight men (aged 19-61 years) with respiratory symptoms following e-cigarette use (vaping). Workup for infection was negative in all cases, and there was no evidence for other etiologies. Imaging showed diffuse bilateral ground-glass opacities in all patients. Most recovered with corticosteroid therapy, while one died. Lung biopsies (seven transbronchial, one surgical) showed acute lung injury, including organizing pneumonia and/or diffuse alveolar damage. Common features were fibroblast plugs, hyaline membranes, fibrinous exudates, type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia, and interstitial organization. Some cases featured a sparse interstitial chronic inflammatory infiltrate. Although macrophages were present within the airspaces in all cases, this feature was not prominent, and findings typical of exogenous lipoid pneumonia were absent. Conclusions The histopathology of acute pulmonary illness related to e-cigarette use (vaping) is characterized by acute lung injury patterns, supporting the contention that vaping can cause severe lung damage.

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