Correlation between nasal inflammation and COVID-19 related pneumonia evaluated by nasal cytology

Background The nasal cycle is the spontaneous congestion and decongestion of nasal mucosa that happens during the day. Classically, 4 types of nasal cycle patterns have been described: (1) classic, (2) parallel, (3) irregular, and (4) acyclic. Hypothalamus has been considered as the central regulator even if several external factors may influence its activity. Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of a correlation between nasal cycle pattern, nasal cytology and nasal symptoms. Methods Thirty healthy volunteers have been enrolled in the study. All subjects completed a Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 questionnaire and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for nasal obstruction. The nasal cycle was studied by means of peak nasal inspiratory flow. Nasal cytology has been used to evaluate the presence of local nasal inflammation. Results Nineteen subjects showed a parallel nasal cycle pattern, while 11 showed a regular one. A parallel pattern was present in 60% of asymptomatic subjects and in 67% of the symptomatic one ( P = 1). VAS for nasal obstruction did not show a significant difference between the 2 patterns of the nasal cycle ( P = .398). Seventeen subjects had a normal rhinocytogram, while 13 volunteers showed a neutrophilic rhinitis; 53.8% of the subjects with a neutrophilic rhinitis showed a parallel pattern, while the remaining 46.2% had a regular one. In the case of a normal cytology, 70.6% of the volunteers had a parallel pattern and 29.4% had a regular one. Differences between the 2 groups were not statistically significant ( P = .575). Conclusion Rhinitis with neutrophils seems to not influence the nasal cycle pattern. Based on the present results, the pattern of nasal cycle does not influence subjective nasal obstruction sensation.

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Regular CPAP utilization reduces nasal inflammation assessed by nasal cytology in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Sleep Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.sleep.2012.04.004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 859-863 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Matteo Gelardi ◽

Giuseppe Carbonara ◽

Enrico Maffezzoni ◽

Maurizio Marvisi ◽

Nicola Quaranta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Nasal Cytology ◽

Apnea Syndrome ◽

Nasal Inflammation

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When Allergic Rhinitis is not Only Allergic

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3320 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 312-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Matteo Gelardi ◽

Cosimo Russo ◽

Maria Luisa Fiorella ◽

Raffaele Fiorella ◽

Giorgio Walter Canonica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Large Population ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Duration Of Symptoms ◽

Nasal Cytology ◽

Cytological Characteristics ◽

Nasal Inflammation ◽

Sensitization Pattern

Background In clinical practice it can be observed that some patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR) continue to have symptoms even when the exposure to allergens is expected to be low or absent. We studied the clinical and cytological characteristics of these atypical forms of (AR) in a large population of patients. Methods Consecutive patients with symptoms of rhinitis and with positive skin test to pollens only were interviewed for the duration of symptoms, correlation with sensitization pattern, and presence of reactivity to nonspecific stimuli. All underwent rhinoscopy and nasal scraping for cytology. Results Five hundred nineteen patients with AR were studied. Of these 519 patients 60 (11.5%) had an atypical or mixed form of rhinitis, with symptoms independent of the exposure and also elicited by nonspecific stimuli. These patients clearly differed from typical forms, especially for the nasal inflammation. They had a greater number of eosinophils and mast cells out of season (p < 0.05). Moreover, these atypical forms had, more frequently, asthma and eosinophilic polyps. Conclusion In ∼12% of patients with AR, other mechanisms of inflammation seem to intervene. Nasal cytology can be helpful in discriminating these atypical forms.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Cholinergic neurotransmission links solitary chemosensory cells to nasal inflammation.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718342742.793501013 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Brendan J Canning

Keyword(s):

Cholinergic Neurotransmission ◽

Solitary Chemosensory Cells ◽

Nasal Inflammation

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Diagnostic performance of nasal cytology

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology ◽

10.1007/s00405-021-07044-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea Ciofalo ◽

Carlo Cavaliere ◽

Cristoforo Incorvaia ◽

Michaela Plath ◽

Erminia Ridolo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Nasal Cytology

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Cold bubble humidification of low-flow oxygen does not prevent acute changes in inflammation and oxidative stress at nasal mucosa

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93837-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lauriana Alves Santana ◽

Suellen Karoline Moreira Bezerra ◽

Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva-Romanholo ◽

Wellington Pereira Yamaguti ◽

Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo Tibério ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nasal Mucosa ◽

Oxygen Therapy ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Nasal Cannula ◽

Compressed Air ◽

Low Flow ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nasal Symptoms ◽

Nasal Inflammation

AbstractSome clinical situations require the use of oxygen therapy for a few hours without hypoxemia. However, there are no literature reports on the effects of acute oxygen therapy on the nasal mucosa. This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of cold bubble humidification or dry oxygen on nasal Inflammation, oxidative stress, mucociliary clearance, and nasal symptoms. This is a randomized controlled cross-sectional study in which healthy subjects were randomly allocated into four groups: (1) CA + DRY (n = 8): individuals receiving dry compressed air; (2) OX + DRY (n = 8): individuals receiving dry oxygen therapy; (3) CA + HUMID (n = 7): individuals receiving cold bubbled humidified compressed air; (4) OX + HUMID (n = 8): individuals receiving cold bubbled humidified oxygen therapy. All groups received 3 L per minute (LPM) of the oxygen or compressed air for 1 h and were evaluated: total and differential cells in the nasal lavage fluid (NLF), exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), 8-iso-PGF2α levels, saccharin transit test, nasal symptoms, and humidity of nasal cannula and mucosa. Cold bubble humidification is not able to reduced nasal inflammation, eNO, oxidative stress, mucociliary clearance, and nasal mucosa moisture. However, subjects report improvement of nasal dryness symptoms (P < 0.05). In the conclusion, cold bubble humidification of low flow oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula did not produce any effect on the nasal mucosa and did not attenuate the oxidative stress caused by oxygen. However, it was able to improve nasal symptoms arising from the use of oxygen therapy.

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Nasal Cytology in Radiofrequency Turbinate Volume Reduction

ORL ◽

10.1159/000513629 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Giancarlo Pecorari ◽

Giuseppe Riva ◽

Claudia Bartoli ◽

Mattia Ravera ◽

Valeria Dell’Era ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Effective Treatment ◽

Nasal Obstruction ◽

Nasal Mucosa ◽

Inferior Turbinate ◽

Volume Reduction ◽

Nonallergic Rhinitis ◽

Turbinate Hypertrophy ◽

Nasal Cytology ◽

Rhinitis Medicamentosa

Introduction: Radiofrequency turbinate volume reduction (RFTVR) is an effective treatment of inferior turbinate hypertrophy. RFTVR can reduce epithelial cell alterations in nasal mucosa. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the effects of RFTVR on nasal obstruction and cytology, stratifying for different types of rhinitis. Methods: Nasal cytology and subjective nasal obstruction were evaluated on 113 patients before RFTVR (T0) and after 3 months (T1). The patients were divided into groups on the basis of the underlying disease: allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis, rhinitis medicamentosa, and other diseases (e.g., hormonal-based turbinate hypertrophy). Results: Nasal cytology at T0 identified 42 patients with allergic rhinitis, 40 with nonallergic rhinitis, 19 with rhinitis medicamentosa, and 12 with other diseases. An improvement of nasal cytology at T1 was observed in 29.2% of cases. They mainly consisted of patients with nonallergic rhinitis with neutrophils, whose neutrophil infiltrate decreased. Only 2 cases (1.7%) showed a worsening of nasal cytology at T1. A statistically significant decrease in subjective nasal obstruction was observed for every group (p < 0.05). Higher differences of nasal obstruction between T0 and T1 were found in patients with rhinitis medicamentosa or other diseases. Conclusion: RFTVR represents a safe and effective treatment for turbinate hypertrophy of various etiology. It is not responsible for a worsening of inflammatory infiltrate of the nasal mucosa.

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