Oxalate excretion in patients with allergic airway diseases

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are important players of early immune defenses in situations like lymphoid organogenesis or in case of immune response to inflammation, infection and cancer. Th1 and Th2 antagonism is crucial for the regulation of immune responses, however mechanisms are still unclear for ILC functions. ILC2 and NK cells were reported to be both involved in allergic airway diseases and were shown to be able to interplay in the regulation of the immune response. CXCR6 is a common chemokine receptor expressed by all ILC, and its deficiency affects ILC2 and ILC1/NK cell numbers and functions in lungs in both steady-state and inflammatory conditions. We determined that the absence of a specific ILC2 KLRG1+ST2– subset in CXCR6-deficient mice is probably dependent on CXCR6 for its recruitment to the lung under inflammation. We show that despite their decreased numbers, lung CXCR6-deficient ILC2 are even more activated cells producing large amount of type 2 cytokines that could drive eosinophilia. This is strongly associated to the decrease of the lung Th1 response in CXCR6-deficient mice.

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Multimorbidity clusters in patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases in the EpiChron Cohort

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83964-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jonás Carmona-Pírez ◽

Beatriz Poblador-Plou ◽

Ignatios Ioakeim-Skoufa ◽

Francisca González-Rubio ◽

Luis Andrés Gimeno-Feliú ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Chronic Conditions ◽

Large Scale ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Airway Diseases ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Obstructive Airway Diseases

AbstractChronic obstructive airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, rhinitis, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are amongst the most common treatable and preventable chronic conditions with high morbidity burden and mortality risk. We aimed to explore the existence of multimorbidity clusters in patients with such diseases and to estimate their prevalence and impact on mortality. We conducted an observational retrospective study in the EpiChron Cohort (Aragon, Spain), selecting all patients with a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, asthma, COPD, and/or OSA. The study population was stratified by age (i.e., 15–44, 45–64, and ≥ 65 years) and gender. We performed cluster analysis, including all chronic conditions recorded in primary care electronic health records and hospital discharge reports. More than 75% of the patients had multimorbidity (co-existence of two or more chronic conditions). We identified associations of dermatologic diseases with musculoskeletal disorders and anxiety, cardiometabolic diseases with mental health problems, and substance use disorders with neurologic diseases and neoplasms, amongst others. The number and complexity of the multimorbidity clusters increased with age in both genders. The cluster with the highest likelihood of mortality was identified in men aged 45 to 64 years and included associations between substance use disorder, neurologic conditions, and cancer. Large-scale epidemiological studies like ours could be useful when planning healthcare interventions targeting patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases and multimorbidity.

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Role of Mitochondrial DNA in Inflammatory Airway Diseases

Comprehensive Physiology ◽

10.1002/cphy.c200010 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1485-1499

Author(s):

Ryan J. Snyder ◽

Steven R. Kleeberger

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Airway Diseases

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Inter-society consensus for the use of inhaled corticosteroids in infants, children and adolescents with airway diseases

Italian Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s13052-021-01013-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Marzia Duse ◽

Francesca Santamaria ◽

Maria Carmen Verga ◽

Marcello Bergamini ◽

Giovanni Simeone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Future Research ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Care Services ◽

Consensus Document ◽

Airway Diseases ◽

Primary Care Services ◽

Non Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Evidence Based Guidelines

Abstract Background In 2019, a multidisciplinary panel of experts from eight Italian scientific paediatric societies developed a consensus document for the use of inhaled corticosteroids in the management and prevention of the most common paediatric airways disorders. The aim is to provide healthcare providers with a multidisciplinary document including indications useful in the clinical practice. The consensus document was intended to be addressed to paediatricians who work in the Paediatric Divisions, the Primary Care Services and the Emergency Departments, as well as to Residents or PhD students, paediatric nurses and specialists or consultants in paediatric pulmonology, allergy, infectious diseases, and ear, nose, and throat medicine. Methods Clinical questions identifying Population, Intervention(s), Comparison and Outcome(s) were addressed by methodologists and a general agreement on the topics and the strength of the recommendations (according to the GRADE system) was obtained following the Delphi method. The literature selection included secondary sources such as evidence-based guidelines and systematic reviews and was integrated with primary studies subsequently published. Results The expert panel provided a number of recommendations on the use of inhaled corticosteroids in preschool wheezing, bronchial asthma, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, acute and chronic rhinosinusitis, adenoid hypertrophy, laryngitis and laryngospasm. Conclusions We provided a multidisciplinary update on the current recommendations for the management and prevention of the most common paediatric airways disorders requiring inhaled corticosteroids, in order to share useful indications, identify gaps in knowledge and drive future research.

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