Background/Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition that involves chronic inflammation in all or part of the digestive tract. Often painful and debilitating, IBD can lead to life-threatening complications and increase the risk for colon cancer. In this study, we investigated the epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) mediated anti-inflammation response in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human colorectal cells through the negative regulator of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. Methods: human intestinal epithelial cells (HT-29) were used in all experiments. Cell cytotoxicity and nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated by WST-1 and the Griess reagent. Western blot analysis and ELISA were used to determine inflammatory mediators and 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR)-mediated Tollip signaling pathways. Results: Treatment of EGCG and LPS did not affect the cytotoxicity in HT-29 cells. LPS treatment dose-dependently increased the pro-inflammatory cytokine, such as interleukin (IL)-8, whereas EGCG significantly reduced the LPS-stimulated IL-8 production. Additionally, EGCG treatment markedly increased the Toll-interacting protein (Tollip) expression, which negatively regulates the TLR signaling in a dose and time-dependent manner. In particular, in the result from an RNA interference-mediated assay, our finding showed that silencing of Tollip resulted in abrogation of the inhibitory action of EGCG on LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators (inducible nitric oxide synthase-mediated NO/COX2, and IL-8) and activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways. Interestingly, we also found that Tollip expression induced by EGCG could be modulated through 67LR expressed on the surface of HT-29 cells. Conclusions: Our novel finding indicates that 67LR and Tollip signaling activated by EGCG treatment is essential for inhibition of inflammation in human intestinal epithelial cells.
Modulation of pathogen-induced CCL20 secretion from HT-29 human intestinal epithelial cells by commensal bacteria
