Physicians are a key to encouraging cessation of smoking among people living with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Background: Since the earliest study about nursing faculty and student attitudes about caring for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in 1992, there have been less than 20 additional studies reported in the literature. Yet, PLHIV continues to report stigma and experience discrimination. Nursing faculty attitudes are part of the informal curriculum. Negativity about caring for PLHIV can adversely impact student perceptions as well as their care. Current research in this area is essentially non-existent. Objective: To describe the attitudes of the university nursing faculty toward caring for PLHIV; and to identify the relationship between faculty attitudes and explanatory factors such as age, education, religion, nationality, teaching in a clinical setting, years of experience, and university attributes. Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study with nonrandomized electronic purposeful sampling. The Healthcare Provider HIV/AIDS Stigma Scale (HPASS) is a 30-item scale with three subscales: Prejudice, stereotype, and discrimination. The English and Spanish versions of the HPASS exhibit stable psychometric properties for cross-cultural research. The HPASS was delivered to university nursing faculty in six countries across three continents. Results: A sample of 368 nursing faculty completed the HPASS. The mean composite score was 2.41 (SD = 0.69), six-point scale with lower scores indicating more positive attitudes, with subscale scores: Stereotypes 2.55 (SD = 0.84), discrimination 2.28 (SD = 0.74), and prejudices 2.41 (SD = 0.63). Peruvian faculty had the highest scores while Canadian had the lowest. Significant correlations were observed between attitudes and the three subscales, and between the three subscales and the composite score. Conclusion: Attitudes of the nursing faculty toward caring for PLHIV were slightly positive to slightly negative depending on the region and country. Knowledge deficiencies about HIV persist, incorrect beliefs are common, and attitudes appear to be influenced by culture. The correlation between subscales justifies continued research to implement targeted interventions. Education about HIV/AIDS can address knowledge deficits while structured interactions with PLHIV can facilitate experiential learning.

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Resilience and Quality of Life of People living with HIV/AIDS. A Cross Sectional Study at ART centre, Bagalkot, Karnataka

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development ◽

10.37506/ijphrd.v11i7.10222 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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Prevalence of Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Adult People Living with HIV/AIDS and on ART in Achefer District, North West Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-39316/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yosef Wasihun ◽

Mengistu Yayehrad ◽

Samuel Dagne ◽

Yonatan Menber ◽

Tadesse Awoke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North West ◽

Under Nutrition ◽

North West Ethiopia ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus/ Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is one of the major public health Problem worldwide and its epidemic is occurring in populations where malnutrition is already endemic. Ethiopia is among the countries most affected by under nutrition and HIV epidemic in the region. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of under nutrition and associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS and on ART in Achefer Woreda, North West Ethiopia.Methods and Materials: Institution based cross sectional study design was used and conducted from May 01–30/2015. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects and the data was collected using clinical assessment, measurements and interviewer administered questionnaire. To identify independent predictors of under nutrition of adult people living with HIV/AIDS and on ART, we performed multivariable logistic regression analyses using SPSS version 20 with CI of 95% at p-value < 0. 05.Result: Three hundred fifty HIV/AIDS on ART patients were included in the study. The overall prevalence of under nutrition was 26.9% and females were most affected 57 (18.1%). Anti-retroviral treatment duration of 6-11months and 12–24 months (AOR = 4.72, 95% CI, 1.10-20.35) and (AOR = 6.93, 95% CI, 1.614–29.754) respectively, WHO Stage two and three (AOR = 3.01, 95% CI,1.061–8.534) and (AOR = 12.56, 95% CI, 4.27–36.99) respectively and dietary counseling (AOR = 0.20, 95% CI, .05-.78) were significantly associated with under nutrition.Conclusion and Recommendation: Undernutrition was high in PLWHA and on ART. ART duration, WHO clinical staging, presence of eating problem and dietary counselling were the predictors for under nutrition of HIV patients on ART. Only increasing access to ART can’t solve problem of under nutrition, therefore nutrition therapy and support, site expansion also as an accessory to the initiation of ART should be considered.

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Stigma Among Patients with HIV/AIDS: A Cross Sectional Study in Malaysia

International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) ◽

10.31344/ijhhs.v4i1.116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Azreen Abdullah ◽

Adibah Hanim Ismail ◽

Ching Siew Mooi

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Stigma ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Introduction:HIV stigma refers to negative beliefs, feelings and attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLWH), groups associated with PLWH and other key populations at higher risk of HIV infection, such as people who inject drugs, sex workers, men who have sex with men and transgender people. Despite the advancement made in the knowledge and treatment of HIV, PLWH continues to be stigmatized.Objective: To determine the level of HIV stigma and its predictors among people living with HIV/AIDS in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients aged 18 and above at infectious disease clinic in Hospital Sungai Buloh, Gombak, Malaysia. HIV stigma was assessed using Berger’s HIV stigma scale, which is available in Bahasa Malaysia and English.A self-administered questionnaire was used to determine their demographic and clinical characteristics. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the predictors.Results: 526 subjects participated in this study. The mean age of the study population was 33.5± 8.4 years. The majority of the participants were male (90.9%) and contracted HIV through sexual activities (87.8%). The mean score of HIV stigma was 104.7 ± 19.5. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, patients who were unemployed (B = -8.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -12.12,-3.88, p = < 0.001) and being on antiretroviral treatment (B = 4.95, 95% (CI) = 0.30, 9.60, p = < 0.037) had higher level of HIV stigma.Conclusions: The level of HIV stigma was high (mean score =104.7 ± 19.5). HIV/AIDS patients who are unemployed and on antiretroviral agents were at risks of having higher level of HIV stigma. Future study is needed urgently to implement intervention that can minimize the stigmatization among patients with HIV/AIDS.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 01 January’20 Page : 26-35

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Self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Indonesia with antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2019-0051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Purwaningsih Purwaningsih ◽

Candra Panji Asmoro ◽

Yenis Anggi Prastiwi

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Art Adherence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Introduction Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps reduce the amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that enters the body in order to avoid acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and prevents the occurrence of opportunistic infections and complications. This study aims to describe the correlation between self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in ART. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 91 PLWHA who joined a non-government organization (NGO) support group, determined through a purposive sampling technique. The demography, and questionnaires about self-esteem, motivation and adherence to ART were employed to collect the raw data. The data were then analyzed using Spearman’s rho test with the degree of significance at p < 0.05. Results The result showed that self-esteem (p = 0.000, r = 0.445) and motivation (p = 0.019, r = 0.246) had correlation with adherence of PLWHA with ART. Conclusion PLWHA can increase self-esteem and motivation so that they can improve ART adherence. Further research is expected to use an instrument more objectively as a measurement tool for ART adherence in addition to a questionnaire so as to obtain more accurate and specific results.

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