scholarly journals Increased cancer awareness among British adolescents after a school-based educational intervention: a controlled before-and-after study with 6-month follow-up

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G Kyle ◽  
Liz Forbat ◽  
Petra Rauchhaus ◽  
Gill Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
School Based ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Before And After Study

scholarly journals INTERVENSI KOGNITIF PERILAKU DALAM KELOMPOK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SELF-ESTEEM PADA MAHASISWI YANG TINGGAL DI ASRAMA UNIVERISTAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Gilberta Permata Mahanani ◽  
Fivi Nurwianti
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Before And After Study

Self-esteem merupakan sebuah proses kognitif akan evaluasi seseorang akan seberapa berharga atau bernilai dirinya sebagai individu. Pendekatan kognitif perilaku merupakan pendekatan yang paling sering digunakan dalam berbagai intervensi terkait permasalahan self-esteem. Fokus dalam intervensi kognitif perilaku adalah mengubah persepsi individu, sehingga diasumsikan dapat sesuai untuk menangani permasalahan self-esteem. Pelaksanaan intervensi dalam kelompok dipilih karena memungkinkan partisipan untuk mengatasi masalah secara bersama-sama sehingga setiap partisipan akan memperoleh dampak positif dari interaksi yang muncul dalam kelompok.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat efektivitas pelaksanaan intervensi kognitif-perilaku yang diterapkan dalam kelompok untuk meningkatkan self esteem. Peneliti menggunakan desain penelitian one group before-and-after study dalam tiga sesi intervensi kognitif-perilaku. Partisipan adalah 4 orang mahasiswi yang tinggal di Asrama Universitas X (M= 18.5 tahun) dengan tingkat self-esteem rendah. Pengukuran self-esteem dilakukan pada proses pre, post dan follow-up menggunakan Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 3 dari 4 partisipan mengalami peningkatan self-esteem. Peneliti mengasumsikan bahwa peningkatan self-esteem juga didukung oleh manajemen tugas yang baik dan kemampuan keterampilan sosial.

A multifaceted educational intervention to prevent delirium in older inpatients: A before and after study

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 974-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne P.F. Wand ◽  
William Thoo ◽  
Hayley Sciuriaga ◽  
Vicky Ting ◽  
Janett Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Older Inpatients ◽  
Before And After Study

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients with morbid obesity: Five years of follow-up, a before and after study

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Cristobalina Rodríguez- Álvarez ◽  
Alfonso Orelve Acosta-Torrecilla ◽  
Enrique González- Dávila ◽  
Ángeles Arias
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Before And After Study

scholarly journals School-based educational intervention to improve children’s oral health-related behaviors in rural Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Yusuke Furukawa ◽  
Fumihiko Yokota ◽  
Rafiqul Islam Maruf ◽  
Mariko Nishikitani ◽  
Kimiyo Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Control School ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention School ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
School Based

Children in rural Bangladesh have limited access to oral health services. As a pilot project, a one-day one-time oral health educational intervention was conducted at a primary school in Tangail district in Bangladesh. This study assessed the effect of this educational intervention on the children’s oral behaviors using controlled pre- and post-intervention design. Fifty-two students at the intervention school and 37 students at a control school agreed to participate in this study. A baseline survey was conducted for children at both schools using a standardized semi-structured questionnaire. Children at the intervention school received face-to-face dental exercises and a group seminar. Six months after the intervention, a follow-up survey was conducted at both schools to compare changes in children’s oral behaviors at the two schools. The increase in the percentage of intervention-school participants who reported brushing their teeth two or more times per day between the baseline and follow-up surveys was 7.6 times greater than that in the control group (95% CI= 1.7–35.1; p<0.009). The increase in the percentage of intervention-school participants who reported brushing their teeth before bed between the two surveys was 7.3 times greater than that in the control group (95% CI=1.6–34.0; p<0.001). The findings suggest the importance of skill-based intervention, in collaboration with dentists, school teachers, parents, and community health educators. Future studies on the effectiveness of school-based educational interventions should consider longer-term sustainable behavioral changes in children’s oral health.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.7(2) 2017: 27-33

scholarly journals Pragmatic pilot cluster randomised control trial of a school-based peer-led anti-smoking intervention for 13-14 year olds in Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elniee Melson ◽  
Christopher Bridle ◽  
Wolfgang Markham
Keyword(s):  
Usual Care ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Smoking Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
Intervention Acceptability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Training Post

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report the process evaluation of a pilot randomised control trial of an anti-smoking intervention for Malaysian 13-14-year olds, conducted in 2011/2012. It was hypothesised that trained peer supporters would promote non-smoking among classmates through informal conversations. Design/methodology/approach Smoking-related baseline and follow-up questionnaires were administered, seven months apart, to Form 1 students (n=2,118) attending eight schools across two districts in Sabah (Kota Kinabalu; Keningau). Concealed stratified randomisation assigned two schools per district to the control and intervention arms. Control schools received usual care. Intervention schools received usual care and the peer supporter intervention. Peer supporters completed smoking-related knowledge and attitudes questionnaires before and after peer supporter training and peer supporter training evaluation questionnaires. They also discussed the peer supporter training and role in focus groups immediately following training (n=4) and three months later (n=3), and additionally, recorded post-training anti-smoking activity in diaries. Findings The pilot trial found that student recruitment was high (baseline students matched at follow-up n=1,681 (79 per cent of class-registered students). More boys (n=38) than girls (n=35) attended peer supporter training. Post-training, most peer supporters had improved smoking-related knowledge (n=55; 75 per cent) and attitudes (n=57; 78 per cent) and returned diaries (n=49; 67 per cent). Some focus group boys reported they were reluctant peer supporters and/or found resisting smoking difficult. Practical implications Future trials would benefit from outlined modifications to peer supporter selection, recruitment and training and additionally, assessments of context and intervention acceptability and reach. Originality/value Trials of complex public health interventions are scarce in economically developing countries.

scholarly journals Changes in Speech Acts During Study Abroad Programs: Japanese Students Studying in the United States and Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Emi Fukasawa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Study Abroad Programs ◽  
Japanese Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Before And After Study ◽  
Explicit Feedback

This paper details an exploration into changes in speech acts and interactions in English (i.e., requests and refusals) in nonclassroom interactions before and after study abroad programs. I transcribed role-plays of two Japanese students before and after they completed study abroad programs in the United States and Australia, carried out periodic online interviews during their stays overseas, and conducted follow-up interviews once they returned to Japan. The results show that changes in the use of expressions occurred for three reasons: 1) input-initiated changes from noticing form–meaning–function relationships, 2) instruction-initiated changes, and 3) output-initiated changes. Because some of the changes were problematic and led to misunderstandings or impoliteness, I conclude that learning from natural input alone is not sufficient to learn how to navigate between function and situation. Therefore, the results suggest that explicit feedback and instructions in classrooms are important before and during study abroad programs. 本論文は留学前後の教室外のインタラクションにおける、英語での発話行為（依頼と断り）とインタラクションの変化を探る。アメリカとオーストラリアへ留学前後の2名の日本人学生のロールプレイを書き起こし、留学中に定期的なオンラインインタビューを実施し、帰国後にフォローアップインタビューを行った。その結果、言語使用の変化には3つの理由があることが示された：1）表現形式・意味・機能の気づきから起こるインプットによる変化、2）指導による変化、3）アウトプットによる変化である。これらの変化の中には誤解や失礼さを招くという問題も見られることから、機能と状況のバランスの取り方を学ぶためには自然なインプットだけでは不十分であると言える。したがって、本研究の結果は留学前と留学中に教室での明示的なフィードバックと指導が重要であることを示唆し

scholarly journals Impact of Hearing Aids on Poverty, Quality of Life and Mental Health in Guatemala: Results of a before and after Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Spreckley ◽  
David Macleod ◽  
Brenda González Trampe ◽  
Andrew Smith ◽  
Hannah Kuper
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Before And After Study

There are 466 million people globally with disabling hearing loss, many of whom can benefit from hearing aids. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of providing hearing aids on poverty, mental health, quality of life, and activities, among adults in Guatemala. A nonrandomised before and after study was conducted, with a comparison group to assess for secular trends. Adult cases with bilateral hearing impairment were identified within 150 km of Guatemala City, as well as age- and sex-matched comparison subjects without disabling hearing loss. All participants were interviewed with a semistructured questionnaire, and cases were offered hearing aids. Participants were reinterviewed 6–9 months later. We interviewed 135 cases and 89 comparison subjects at baseline and follow-up. At baseline, cases were poorer than comparison subjects with respect to individual income (p = 0.01), household income (p = 0.02), and per capita expenditure (PCE) (p = 0.003). After provision of hearing aids, median household income improved among cases (p = 0.03). In the comparison group, median individual income (p = 0.01) and PCE (p = 0.03) fell between baseline at follow-up. At follow-up, there were also improvements in productive time use, quality of life, and depressive symptoms among cases, but these were less apparent in the comparison group. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated a positive effect of hearing aids in improving quality of life, economic circumstances and mental health among Guatemalan adults.

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