Gut microbiota in children with type 1 diabetes differs from that in healthy children: a case-control study

Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a common autoimmune disease that is characterized by insufficient insulin production. The onset of T1D is the result of gene-environment interactions. Sociodemographic and behavioural factors may contribute to T1D, and the gut microbiota is proposed to be a driving factor of T1D. An integrated preventive strategy for T1D is not available at present. This case–control study attempted to estimate the exposure linked to T1D to identify significant risk factors for healthy children. Forty children with T1D and 56 healthy controls were included in this study. Anthropometric, socio-economic, nutritional, behavioural, and clinical data were collected. Faecal bacteria were investigated by molecular methods. The findings showed, in multivariable model, that the risk factors for T1D include higher Firmicutes levels (OR 7.30; IC 2.26–23.54) and higher carbohydrate intake (OR 1.03; IC 1.01–1.05), whereas having a greater amount of Bifidobacterium in the gut (OR 0.13; IC 0.05 – 0.34) was a protective factor for T1D. These findings may facilitate the development of preventive strategies for T1D, such as performing genetic screening, characterizing the gut microbiota, and managing nutritional and social factors.

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Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Metabolism in Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Case-Control Study

10.2337/figshare.16441407 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuanyuan Fang ◽

Chenhong Zhang ◽

Hongcai Shi ◽

Wei Wei ◽

Jing Shang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Case Control ◽

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Control Study

OBJECTIVE Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with gut dysbiosis. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), sharing clinical and metabolic features with classic type 1 and type 2 diabetes, remains unclear. Here, we identified the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in patients with LADA using a multi-omics approach. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This age- and sex-matched case-control study included 30 patients with LADA, 31 patients with classic type 1 diabetes, 30 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 29 healthy individuals. The gut microbiota profiles were identified via the 16S rRNA gene, and fecal and serum metabolites were measured via untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS LADA patients had a significantly different structure and composition of the gut microbiota and their metabolites as well as a severe deficiency of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. The gut microbiota structure of the LADA patients was more similar to that of patients with type 1 diabetes who were positive for GAD antibody. We identified seven serum metabolite modules and eight fecal metabolite modules that differed between the LADA group and the other groups. CONCLUSIONS <a>The characteristic gut microbiota and related metabolites of patients with LADA are associated with autoantibodies, glucose metabolism, islet function, and inflammatory factors, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of LADA. </a>Future longitudinal studies should explore whether modulating the gut microbiota and related metabolites can alter the natural course of autoimmune diabetes, in the quest for new therapeutic.

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Gut Microbiota Differs in Composition and Functionality Between Children With Type 1 Diabetes and MODY2 and Healthy Control Subjects: A Case-Control Study

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc18-0253 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (11) ◽

pp. 2385-2395 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Isabel Leiva-Gea ◽

Lidia Sánchez-Alcoholado ◽

Beatriz Martín-Tejedor ◽

Daniel Castellano-Castillo ◽

Isabel Moreno-Indias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Control Study

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Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Metabolism in Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Case-Control Study

10.2337/figshare.16441407.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuanyuan Fang ◽

Chenhong Zhang ◽

Hongcai Shi ◽

Wei Wei ◽

Jing Shang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Case Control ◽

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Control Study

OBJECTIVE Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with gut dysbiosis. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), sharing clinical and metabolic features with classic type 1 and type 2 diabetes, remains unclear. Here, we identified the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in patients with LADA using a multi-omics approach. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This age- and sex-matched case-control study included 30 patients with LADA, 31 patients with classic type 1 diabetes, 30 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 29 healthy individuals. The gut microbiota profiles were identified via the 16S rRNA gene, and fecal and serum metabolites were measured via untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS LADA patients had a significantly different structure and composition of the gut microbiota and their metabolites as well as a severe deficiency of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. The gut microbiota structure of the LADA patients was more similar to that of patients with type 1 diabetes who were positive for GAD antibody. We identified seven serum metabolite modules and eight fecal metabolite modules that differed between the LADA group and the other groups. CONCLUSIONS <a>The characteristic gut microbiota and related metabolites of patients with LADA are associated with autoantibodies, glucose metabolism, islet function, and inflammatory factors, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of LADA. </a>Future longitudinal studies should explore whether modulating the gut microbiota and related metabolites can alter the natural course of autoimmune diabetes, in the quest for new therapeutic.

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Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Metabolism in Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Case-Control Study

10.2337/figshare.16441407.v2 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Yuanyuan Fang ◽

Chenhong Zhang ◽

Hongcai Shi ◽

Wei Wei ◽

Jing Shang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Case Control ◽

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Control Study

OBJECTIVE Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with gut dysbiosis. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), sharing clinical and metabolic features with classic type 1 and type 2 diabetes, remains unclear. Here, we identified the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in patients with LADA using a multi-omics approach. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This age- and sex-matched case-control study included 30 patients with LADA, 31 patients with classic type 1 diabetes, 30 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 29 healthy individuals. The gut microbiota profiles were identified via the 16S rRNA gene, and fecal and serum metabolites were measured via untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS LADA patients had a significantly different structure and composition of the gut microbiota and their metabolites as well as a severe deficiency of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. The gut microbiota structure of the LADA patients was more similar to that of patients with type 1 diabetes who were positive for GAD antibody. We identified seven serum metabolite modules and eight fecal metabolite modules that differed between the LADA group and the other groups. CONCLUSIONS <a>The characteristic gut microbiota and related metabolites of patients with LADA are associated with autoantibodies, glucose metabolism, islet function, and inflammatory factors, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of LADA. </a>Future longitudinal studies should explore whether modulating the gut microbiota and related metabolites can alter the natural course of autoimmune diabetes, in the quest for new therapeutic.

Download Full-text