Squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii in a Zebu cow

Squamous metaplasia of rete ovarii is characterized by replacement of the normal cuboidal epithelium of rete ovarii by a keratinized stratified scamous epithelium, leading to accumulation of keratinized material within the tubules and cystic dilatation of rete ovarii. The present study decribes a case of scamous metaplasia of rete ovarii in a 10 year old Zebu cow, including clinical, surgical, ultrasonographic, histopathological and hormonal findings. At first ultrasound examination the cow had lightly asymmetric ovaries with follicles presenting echogenicity similar to luteinized follicular cysts. After transvaginal follicular aspiration creamy yellowish sanguineous-purulent content was recovered. After unilateral ovariectomy the ovary was sectioned and brownish viscous material drained from cystic cavity. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosid of squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii. Progesterone concentrations assessed by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay within different time periods after ovariectomy showed that pathology did not compromise normal luteal ovarian activity in a contralateral reminiscent ovary.

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Intrathyroidal cyst with squamous metaplasia

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.56.p1111 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Dubravka Brdar ◽

Gordana Soso ◽

Ana Baric ◽

Sanda Sladic ◽

Tina Majstorovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Metaplasia

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Oncogenic LncRNA CASC9 in Cancer Progression

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612826666200917150130 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

Author(s):

Yuying Qi ◽

Chaoying Song ◽

Jiali Zhang ◽

Chong Guo ◽

Chengfu Yuan

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Cell Growth ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Squamous Metaplasia ◽

Neoplastic Transformation ◽

Over Expression ◽

Human Cancers ◽

Current Review

Background: Long non-coding RNA (LncRNAs), with the length over 200 nucleotides, originate from intergenic, antisense, or promoter-proximal regions, is a large family of RNAs that lack coding capacity. Emerging evidences illustrated that LncRNAs played significant roles in a variety of cellular functions and biological processes in profuse human diseases, especially in cancers. Cancer susceptibility candidate 9 (CASC9), as a member of the LncRNAs group, was firstly found its oncogenic function in esophageal cancer. In following recent studies, a growing amount of human malignancies are verified to be correlated with CASC9, most of which are derived from the squamous epithelium tissue. This present review attempts to highlight the latest insights into the expression, functional roles, and molecular mechanisms of CASC9 in different human malignancies. Methods: In this review, the latest findings related to the pathophysiological processes of CASC9 in human cancers were summarized and analyzed, the associated studies were collected in systematically retrieval of PubMed used lncRNA and CASA9 as keywords. Results: CASC9 expression is identified to be aberrantly elevated in a variety of malignancies. The over-expression of CASC9 has been suggested to accelerate cell proliferation, migration, cell growth and drug resistance of cancer cells, while depress cell apoptosis, revealing its role as an oncogene. Moreover, the current review demonstrated CASC9 closely relates to neoplastic transformation of squamous epithelial cells and squamous metaplasia in non-squamous epithelial tissues. Finally, we discuss the limitations and tremendous diagnostic/therapeutic potential of CASC9 in various human cancers. Results: CASC9 expression is identified to be aberrantly elevated in a variety of malignancies. The over-expression of CASC9 has been suggested to accelerate cell proliferation, migration, cell growth and drug resistance of cancer cells, while depress cell apoptosis, revealing its role as an oncogene. Moreover, the current review demonstrated CASC9 closely relates to neoplastic transformation of squamous epithelial cells and squamous metaplasia in non-squamous epithelial tissues. Finally, we discuss the limitations and tremendous diagnostic/therapeutic potential of CASC9 in various human cancers. Conclusion: Long non-coding RNACASC9 likely served as useful disease biomarkers or therapy targets that could effectively apply in treatment of different kinds of cancers.

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Distinct Patterns of Tissue Remodeling and Their Prognostic Role in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

ORL ◽

10.1159/000515005 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Ho Yun Lee ◽

Jung-Soo Pyo ◽

Su Jin Kim

Keyword(s):

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Squamous Metaplasia ◽

Tissue Remodeling ◽

Sinus Surgery ◽

Prognostic Role ◽

High Power Field ◽

Tissue Eosinophilia ◽

Allergy Test ◽

Stromal Edema

Introduction: Tissue remodeling refers to structural changes that occur in damaged tissue and is associated with disease severity in asthma. However, the characteristics of tissue remodeling and its prognostic role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remain unclear. In this report, we evaluated the clinical implications of tissue remodeling in CRS. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for bilateral CRS. The histopathology of sinus mucosa was determined by evaluating the inflammatory cell count and tissue remodeling markers (squamous metaplasia, subepithelial gland proliferation, basement membrane [BM] thickening, stromal edema, and fibrosis). Eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) was defined as an eosinophil count >15/high-power field in the biopsied tissue. Patient characteristics, allergy test grade, preoperative Lund-Mackay score (LMS), and pre- and postoperative Lund-Kennedy scores (LKSs) were analyzed. Results: Of the identified patients, 59.1% were classified as ECRS and the remaining 40.9% as non-ECRS. Regarding tissue remodeling markers, stromal edema was seen in 90.9%, BM thickening in 63.6%, and stromal fibrosis in 34.1% of patients. In cases with stromal edema and BM thickening, greater tissue eosinophilia was observed, while stromal fibrosis decreased tissue eosinophilia (p < 0.05). Prognostically, subepithelial gland proliferation alone was an independent risk factor for poor postoperative endoscopic findings (odds ratio: 8.250, 95% confidence interval: 1.128–60.319, p = 0.038). Conclusions: Tissue eosinophilia was commonly associated with BM thickening and stromal edema. Subepithelial gland proliferation predicted a poor surgical prognosis in CRS. These findings imply that tissue remodeling provides additional information not only on the CRS endotype but also on the postsurgical prognosis.

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Histologic Aspect of the Curved Vomerine Mucosa in Cleft Lip and Palate

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1177/10556656211031419 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105566562110314

Author(s):

Benito K. Benitez ◽

Andrzej Brudnicki ◽

Prasad Nalabothu ◽

Jeannette A. von Jackowski ◽

Elisabeth Bruder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nasal Mucosa ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Squamous Metaplasia ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Surgical Techniques ◽

Basal Cells ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Nasal Floor

Background: Common surgical techniques aim to turn the entire vomerine mucosa with vomer flaps either to the oral side or to the nasal side. The latter approach is widely performed due to the similarity in color to the nasal mucosa. However, we lack a histologic description of the curved vomerine mucosa in cleft lip and palate malformations. Methods: We histologically examined an excess of curved vomerine mucosa in 8 patients using hematoxylin–eosin, periodic acid–Schiff, Elastin van Gieson, and Alcian blue stains. Tissue samples were obtained during surgery at 8 months of age. Results: Our histological analysis of the mucoperiosteum overlying the curved vomer revealed characteristics consistent with those of an oral mucosa or a squamous metaplasia of the nasal mucosa, as exhibited by a stratified squamous epithelium containing numerous seromucous glands. Some areas showed a palisaded arrangement of the basal cells compatible with metaplasia of respiratory epithelium, but no goblet cells or respiratory cilia were identified. Abundant fibrosis and rich vascularity were present. Conclusion: The vomer mucosa showed no specific signs of nasal mucosa. These findings should be considered in presurgical cleft orthopedics and palatal surgery for further refinement. Shifting the vomer mucosa according to a fixed physiologic belief should not overrule other important aspects of cleft repair such as primary healing and establishing optimal form and function of palatal roof and nasal floor.

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Mucosal Changes in the Trachea and Main Bronchi of Newborn Infants after Nasotracheal Intubation

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x7500300306 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 209-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

G. C. Fisk ◽

W. de C. Baker

Keyword(s):

Endotracheal Tube ◽

Main Bronchus ◽

Squamous Metaplasia ◽

Nasotracheal Intubation ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Respiratory Epithelium ◽

Lower Trachea ◽

Nasotracheal Tube ◽

Mucosal Changes ◽

The Right

Permanent sequelae of nasotracheal intubation are uncommon, but acute ulceration and squamous metaplasia occur. Histological sections from the trachea and main bronchi were examined in 12 infants. A nasotracheal tube had been inserted during the first two weeks of life of these infants and had been in place for more than one week. In four cases the patient died some time (7 to 108 days) after extubation. Similar sections from patients who were not intubated, intubated only for attempted resuscitation, or intubated for several hours were studied for comparison. The sections were classified according to the degree of mucosal loss and metaplasia, and the extent of the lesions was estimated. Squamous change was seen in most sections from all 12 patients with the exception of one who died 57 days after extubation. Some respiratory epithelium was seen in all patients. In the eight patients who died while intubated, the changes were more marked in the right main bronchus than the left in seven, and more marked in the lower trachea than the upper in five. In the two patients intubated for several hours, in addition to mucosal loss, early metaplasia was seen. It is suggested that mucosal loss is replaced by the squamous metaplasia, and that trauma caused by suction catheters in the lower trachea and right main bronchus is more extensive than that due to the endotracheal tube itself.

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Persistent rhinitis and epithelial remodeling induced by cyclic ozone exposure in the nasal airways of infant monkeys

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajplung.00177.2010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 300 (2) ◽

pp. L242-L254 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Stephan A. Carey ◽

Carol A. Ballinger ◽

Charles G. Plopper ◽

Ruth J. McDonald ◽

Alfred A. Bartolucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rhesus Macaques ◽

Squamous Metaplasia ◽

Differential Susceptibility ◽

Respiratory Illness ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Ozone Exposure ◽

Nasal Passage ◽

Epithelial Hyperplasia ◽

Nasal Airways ◽

Airway Injury

Children chronically exposed to high levels of ozone (O3), the principal oxidant pollutant in photochemical smog, are more vulnerable to respiratory illness and infections. The specific factors underlying this differential susceptibility are unknown but may be related to air pollutant-induced nasal alterations during postnatal development that impair the normal physiological functions (e.g., filtration and mucociliary clearance) serving to protect the more distal airways from inhaled xenobiotics. In adult animal models, chronic ozone exposure is associated with adaptations leading to a decrease in airway injury. The purpose of our study was to determine whether cyclic ozone exposure induces persistent morphological and biochemical effects on the developing nasal airways of infant monkeys early in life. Infant (180-day-old) rhesus macaques were exposed to 5 consecutive days of O3 [0.5 parts per million (ppm), 8 h/day; “1-cycle”] or filtered air (FA) or 11 biweekly cycles of O3 (FA days 1– 9; 0.5 ppm, 8 h/day on days 10– 14; “11-cycle”). The left nasal passage was processed for light microscopy and morphometric analysis. Mucosal samples from the right nasal passage were processed for GSH, GSSG, ascorbate (AH2), and uric acid (UA) concentration. Eleven-cycle O3 induced persistent rhinitis, squamous metaplasia, and epithelial hyperplasia in the anterior nasal airways of infant monkeys, resulting in a 39% increase in the numeric density of epithelial cells. Eleven-cycle O3 also induced a 65% increase in GSH concentrations at this site. The persistence of epithelial hyperplasia was positively correlated with changes in GSH. These results indicate that early life ozone exposure causes persistent nasal epithelial alterations in infant monkeys and provide a potential mechanism for the increased susceptibility to respiratory illness exhibited by children in polluted environments.

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